1、Designation: B381 101Standard Specification forTitanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pa
2、rentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEFootnote I in Table 1 was corrected editorially in March 2011.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers 39 grades of annealed tita-nium and titanium alloy fo
3、rgings as follows:1.1.1 Grade F-1Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2 Grade F-2Unalloyed titanium,1.1.2.1 Grade F-2HUnalloyed titanium (Grade 2 with 58ksi minimum UTS),1.1.3 Grade F-3Unalloyed titanium,1.1.4 Grade F-4Unalloyed titanium,1.1.5 Grade F-5Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium),1.1.6 Grade F-6Tit
4、anium alloy (5 % aluminum, 2.5 %tin),1.1.7 Grade F-7Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %palladium,1.1.7.1 Grade F-7HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to0.25 % palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.8 Grade F-9Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium),1.1.9 Grade F-11Unalloyed titanium plus
5、0.12 to 0.25 %palladium,1.1.10 Grade F-12Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum,0.8 % nickel),1.1.11 Grade F-13Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.12 Grade F-14Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.13 Grade F-15Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %ruthenium),1.1.14 Grade F-16Una
6、lloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium,1.1.14.1 Grade F-16HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium (Grade 16 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.15 Grade F-17Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to0.08 % palladium,1.1.16 Grade F-18Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % pal
7、ladium,1.1.17 Grade F-19Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum),1.1.18 Grade F-20Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum)plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.19 Grade F-21Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.7 %ni
8、obium, 15 % molybdenum, 0.25 % silicon),1.1.20 Grade F-23Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium, extra low interstitials, ELI),1.1.21 Grade F-24Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,1.1.22 Grade F-25Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium) plus 0.3 to 0.8 % ni
9、ckel and 0.04 to 0.08 %palladium,1.1.23 Grade F-26Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.23.1 Grade F-26HUnalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi minimum UTS),1.1.24 Grade F-27Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to0.14 % ruthenium,1.1.25 Grade F-28Titanium alloy (3
10、 % aluminum, 2.5 %vanadium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium),1.1.26 Grade F-29Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08 to 0.14 %ruthenium),1.1.27 Grade F-30Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladium),1.1.28 Grade F-31Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %palladi
11、um),1.1.29 Grade F-32Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 1 %vanadium, 1 % tin, 1 % zirconium, 0.8 % molybdenum),1.1.30 Grade F-33Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),1.1.31 Grade F-34Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 %palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % ch
12、romium),1.1.32 Grade F-35Titanium alloy (4.5 % aluminum, 2 %molybdenum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron, 0.3 % silicon),1.1.33 Grade F-36Titanium alloy (45 % niobium),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsi
13、bility ofSubcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as B381 09. DOI:10.1520/B0381-10R01.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-cation SB-381 in Secti
14、on II of that Code.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.1.1.34 Grade F-37Titanium alloy (1.5 % aluminum), and1.1.35 Grade F-38Titanium alloy (4 % aluminum,
15、2.5 %vanadium, 1.5 % iron).NOTE 1H grade material is identical to the corresponding numericgrade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher guaranteedminimum UTS, and may always be certified as meeting the requirementsof its corresponding numeric grade. Grades 2H, 7H, 16H, and 26H areintend
16、ed primarily for pressure vessel use.The H grades were added in response to a user association request basedon its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2, 7, 16, and 26 test reports,where over 99 % met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The
17、 values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B348 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Barsand BilletsE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Mate
18、rialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE539 Test Method for X-Ray Fluorescence SpectrometricAnalysis of 6Al-4V Titanium AlloyE1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen andNitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert GasFusio
19、n TechniqueE1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen inTitanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion Ther-mal Conductivity/Infrared Detection MethodE1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-tory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by CombustionAnalysisE2371 Test Method for An
20、alysis of Titanium and TitaniumAlloys by Atomic Emission Plasma SpectrometryE2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive andRefractory Metals3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bar, na hot rolled, forged or cold worked semifin-ished solid section product whos
21、e cross sectional area is lessthan 16 in.2(10 323 mm2).3.1.2 billet, na solid semifinished section, hot rolled orforged from an ingot, with a cross sectional area greater than 16in.2(10 323 mm2).3.1.3 forging, nany product of work on metal formed toa desired shape by impact or pressure in hammers, f
22、orgingmachines, upsetters presses or related forming equipment.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for forgings under this specification shall includethe following information, as applicable:4.1.1 Grade number (Section 1),4.1.2 Tensile properties (Table 1),4.1.3 Dimensions and tolerances (Section 10),
23、4.1.4 Sampling, mechanical properties (Section 8),4.1.5 Methods for chemical analysis (Section 6),4.1.6 Marking (Section 17),4.1.7 Packaging (Section 17),4.1.8 Certification (Section 16),4.1.9 Disposition of rejected material (Section 14), and4.1.10 Supplementary requirements (S1).5. Materials and M
24、anufacture5.1 Material conforming to the latest revision of Specifica-tion B348 shall be used when producing forgings to thisspecification.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The grades of titanium and titanium alloy metal coveredby this specification shall conform to the requirements as tochemical compositi
25、on prescribed in Table 2.6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 2 are intentional alloyadditions or elements which are inherent to the manufacturer oftitanium sponge, ingot or mill product.6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 2 aredeemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Ta
26、ble2 by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrapadditions to the ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis forelements not listed in Table 2 shall not be required unlessspecified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intentof this specification.6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to
27、the melt must beidentified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and purchaser andrequested by the purchaser in his written purchase order,chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residualelements not listed in this specification.6.3 Product A
28、nalysisProduct analysis tolerances do notbroaden the specified heat analysis requirements, but covervariations between laboratories in the measurement of chemi-cal content. The manufacturer shall not ship material which isoutside the limits specified in Table 2 for the applicable grade.Product analy
29、sis limits shall be as specified in Table 3.6.4 SamplingSamples for chemical analysis shall be rep-resentative of material being tested. Except for hydrogen andunless otherwise specified, chemical analysis of ingot or billetshall be reported. Samples for hydrogen determination shall beobtained from
30、the forgings on a test basis and a frequency asagreed upon between the forger and the purchaser. The utmostcare must be used in sampling titanium for chemical analysisbecause of its great affinity for elements such as oxygen,nitrogen, and hydrogen. Therefore, the cutting and handling ofsamples shoul
31、d include practices that will prevent contamina-tion. Samples shall be collected from clean metal.6.5 At least two samples for chemical analysis shall betested to determine chemical composition. Samples shall betaken from opposite extremes of the product to be analyzed.3For referenced ASTM standards
32、, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.B381 1012TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsAGradeTensile Strength, min Yield Strength (0.2 % Offs
33、et), min or RangeElongation in 4D,min, %Reduction of Area,min, %ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa)F-1 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-2 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-2HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-3 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30F-4 80 (550) 70 (483) 15 25F-5 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25F-6 120 (828) 115 (795) 10 25F-7 50 (345) 40 (275)
34、 20 30F-7HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-9 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25F-9D90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25F-11 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-12 70 (483) 50 (345) 18 25F-13 40 (275) 25 (170) 24 30F-14 60 (410) 40 (275) 20 30F-15 70 (483) 55 (380) 18 25F-16 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-16HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-17 35 (
35、240) 20 (138) 24 30F-18 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25F-18D90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20F-19E115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25F-19F135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20F-19G165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20F-20E115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25F-20F135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20F-20G165 (1138) 160 to
36、185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20F-21E115 (793) 110 (759) 15 35F-21F140 (966) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 30F-21G170 (1172) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 8 20F-23 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25F-23D120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5H,6.0I25F-24 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25F-25 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25F-26 50 (345) 40 (275) 2
37、0 30F-26HB,C58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30F-27 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30F-28 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25F-28D90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20F-29 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25F-29D120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5H,6.0I15F-30 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-31 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30F-32 100 (689) 85 (586) 10 25F-33 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30F-
38、34 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30F-35 130 (895) 120 (828) 5 20F-36 65 (450) 60 to 95 (410 to 655) 10 .F-37 50 (345) 31 (215) 20 30F-38 130 (895) 115 (794) 10 25AThese properties apply to forgings having a cross section no greater than 3 in.2(1935 mm2). Mechanical properties of forgings having greater cross
39、 sections shall benegotiated between the manufacturer and the purchaser.BMaterial is identical to the corresponding numeric grade (that is, Grade F-2H = Grade F-2) except for the higher guaranteed minimum UTS, and may be dual certifiedwith its corresponding numeric grade. Grade F-2H, F-7H, F-16H, an
40、d F-26H are intended primarily for pressure vessel use.CThe H grades were added in response to a user association request based on its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2, 7, 16, and 26 test reports where over 99%met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.DProperties for material in transformed-beta condition.EPr
41、operties for material in the solution treated condition.FProperties for solution treated and aged condition-Moderate strength (determined by aging temperature).GProperties for solution treated and aged condition-High Strength (determined by aging temperature).HFor product section or wall thickness v
42、alues 30 60.50Nitrogen 0.05 +0.02Oxygen 0.30 +0.03Oxygen 0.31 to 0.40 60.04Palladium 0.01 to 0.02 60.002Palladium 0.04 to 0.08 60.005Palladium 0.12 to 0.25 60.02Ruthenium 0.02 to 0.04 60.005Ruthenium 0.04 to 0.06 60.005Ruthenium 0.08 to 0.14 60.01Silicon 0.06 to 0.40 60.02Tin 0.6 to 3.0 60.15Vanadiu
43、m 0.6 to 4.5 60.15Vanadium 7.5 to 8.5 60.40Zirconium 0.6 to 1.4 60.15Zirconium 3.5 to 4.5 60.20ResidualsA(each) 0.15 +0.02AA residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities andis inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. In titaniumthese elements in
44、clude aluminum, vanadium, tin, iron, chromium, molybdenum,niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper,silicon, cobalt, tantalum, nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten.B381 1015requirements of this specification and that the results ofchemical analysis, tensile, and o
45、ther tests meet the require-ments of the specification for the grade specified. The reportshall include results of all chemical analysis, tensile tests, andall other tests required by the specification.17. Packaging and Package Marking17.1 PackagingUnless otherwise specified, forgings pur-chased und
46、er this specification shall be packaged in accordancewith the manufacturers standard practice.17.2 MarkingForgings shall be marked for identificationas agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser.18. Keywords18.1 forgings; titanium; titanium alloysSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIR
47、EMENTS COVERING GRADE F3 TITANIUM FORGINGSThe following supplementary requirements are primarily intended for U.S. military applications andshall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the inquiry, contract, or order.S1. U.S. Military RequirementsS1.1 Referenced Documents section follows.S1.2
48、 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the seller is responsible for the performance of allinspection and test requirements in this specification, and theseller may use his or other suitable facilities for the perfor-mance of the inspection and testing.S1.3 Grade F-3 compositi
49、on shall be modified as follows:Hydrogen 0.0125 maxIron 0.20 maxOxygen 0.26 maxS1.4 Two tensile specimens shall be taken from each lot offorgings up to and 125 pounds, and two tensile specimens shallbe taken from each forging greater than 125 pounds forverification of compliance with Grade F-3 mechanical proper-ties of Table 3. A lot shall constitute all forgings from the sameheat, of the same design and size and heat treated in the sameheat treat furnace load. The test specimens shall be taken fromintegral prolongations or
