1、Designation: B392 09Standard Specification forNiobium and Niobium Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B392; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe
2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers four grades of wrought nio-bium and niobium alloy bar, rod, and wire as follows:1.1.1 R04200-Type 1Reactor grade u
3、nalloyed niobium,1.1.2 R04210-Type 2Commercial grade unalloyed nio-bium,1.1.3 R04251-Type 3Reactor grade niobium alloy con-taining 1 % zirconium, and1.1.4 R04261-Type 4Commercial grade niobium alloycontaining 1 % zirconium.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The
4、values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion of this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety
5、concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B391 Specification for Niobium and Niobi
6、um Alloy IngotsE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive andRefractory Metals3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Sta
7、ndard: Descrip-tions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 lot, na lot shall consist of all material produced fromthe same ingot at one time, with the same cross section,processed with the same nominal metallurgical parameters andheat treated at the same conditions.3.1.2 bar, nmaterial less than
8、6 in. (152.4 mm) in widthand 0.187 in. (4.75 mm) or greater in thickness, with arectangular cross section, supplied in straight lengths.3.1.3 rod, nmaterial 0.125 to 2.50 in. (3.18 to 63.50 mm)in diameter, in round, hexagonal, or octagonal cross sectionsupplied in straight lengths.3.1.4 wire, nmater
9、ial 0.020 to 0.124 in. (0.51 to 3.15 mm)in diameter, furnished in coils or on spools or reels. Materialless than 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) in diameter is not covered by thisspecification.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in-clude the following information as ap
10、plicable:4.1.1 Type and grade (Section 1),4.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.3 Method of manufacture (Section 5),4.1.4 Temper designation (Section 8),4.1.5 Quantity in weight, number of pieces, and dimensions,4.1.6 Chemistry (6.3),4.1.7 Mechanical properties (Section 7),4.1.8 Condition (8.
11、2),4.1.9 Permissible Variations (9.2),4.1.10 Permissible overshipments (9.4),4.1.11 Quality and finish (Section 10),4.1.12 Sampling (Section 11),4.1.13 Inspection (Section 15),4.1.14 Required reports (Section 17), and1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and
12、Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.03 on Niobium and Tantalum.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B392 - 03. DOI:10.1520/B0392-09.2For referenced ASTM stand
13、ards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, P
14、A 19428-2959, United States.4.1.15 Additions to the specification and supplementaryrequirements, as required.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Material covered by this specification shall be madefrom ingots that conform to Specification B391 and that areproduced by vacuum or plasma arc melting, vacuum
15、 electron-beam melting, or a combination of these three methods.5.2 The various niobium mill products covered by thisspecification are formed with the conventional extrusion,forging, swaging, rolling, and drawing equipment normallyavailable in metal working plants.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The nio
16、bium and niobium alloy ingots and billets forconversion to finished products covered by this specificationshall conform to the requirements for chemical composition asprescribed in Table 1.6.2 The manufacturers ingot analysis shall be consideredthe chemical analysis for products supplied under this
17、specifi-cation, except for interstitials as specified in 6.3.Alternately, ananalysis of a representative sample of in process or finalproduct from the same ingot may be substituted.6.3 When requested by the purchaser at the time of pur-chase, the manufacturer shall furnish a report certifying theval
18、ues of the interstitial elements (C, O, N, H) on end product,as prescribed in Table 2 for each lot of material supplied. Endproduct interstitial samples must be taken after all thermal andchemical processing.6.4 Guide E2626 is recommended as a guide, where appli-cable.7. Mechanical Requirements7.1 T
19、he annealed materials supplied under this specificationshall conform to the requirements for mechanical properties asspecified in Table 3.8. Temper Designations8.1 Unless otherwise stated, the materials supplied underthese specifications shall be in the fully annealed condition,that is, at least 90
20、% recrystallized.8.2 Other temper designations, such as cold-worked temperor stress-relieved temper, can be specified as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the manufacturer at the time ofpurchase.9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions and Weight9.1 Tolerances on RoundsTolerances on niobium andnio
21、bium alloy round products covered by this specificationshall be as prescribed in Table 4.9.2 Tolerances for Square, Rectangular, or Other ShapesTolerances for forged or rolled square, rectangular, or othershapes shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and themanufacturer at the time of purchas
22、e.9.3 Other Tolerances and Limitations:9.3.1 The permissible variations in cut lengths shall notexceed a total of 0.25 in. (6.35 mm).9.3.2 The permissible variation in straightness of roundsshall not exceed 0.050 in./ft (4.2 mm/m) in any length.9.4 Quantity or WeightFor orders requiring up to 100 ft
23、(30.5 m) of finished product, the manufacturer may overship by20 %. When the order is for quantities up to 1000 ft (305 m) or1000 lb (453.6 kg), the manufacturer may overship by 10 %.The permissible overshipment shall be negotiated for orderslarger than this quantity.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsEle
24、mentType 1(ReactorGradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04200Type 2(CommercialGradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04210Type 3(ReactorGradeNiobium-1 %Zirconium)R04251Type 4(CommercialGradeNiobium-1%Zirconium)R04261Max Weight % (Except Where Otherwise Specified)Each Ingot:Carbon 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01Nitrogen 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01Oxy
25、gen 0.015 0.025 0.015 0.025Hydrogen 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015Zirconium 0.02 0.02 0.8 to 1.2(range)0.8to1.2(range)Tantalum 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5Iron 0.005 0.01 0.005 0.01Silicon 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Tungsten 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.05Nickel 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Molybdenum 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.050Hafnium 0.02
26、 0.02 0.02 0.02Titanium 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03When Specified:Boron 2 ppm . 2 ppm .Aluminum 0.002 0.005 0.002 0.005Beryllium 0.005 . 0.005 .Chromium 0.002 . 0.002 .Cobalt 0.002 . 0.002 .TABLE 2 Additional Chemical Requirements for FinishedProduct (When Specified by the Purchaser)ElementType 1(Reactor Gr
27、adeUnalloyedNiobium)R04200Type 2(CommercialGradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04210Type 3(Reactor GradeNiobium1 %Zirconium)R04251Type 4(CommercialGradeNiobium1 %Zirconium)R04261Maximum Weight %Oxygen 0.0250 0.0400 0.0250 0.0400Carbon 0.0100 0.0150 0.0100 0.0150Nitrogen 0.0100 0.0100 0.0100 0.0100Hydrogen 0.0015
28、 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015TABLE 3 Mechanical Properties, Annealed Condition (90 %Minimum Recrystallized)GradeUltimate TensileStrength, Min, psi(MPa)Yield Strength, psi(MPa)Elongationmin %,mmARod, 0.125 in. (3.18 mm) to 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) diameterTypes 1 and 2 18 000 (125) 10 500 (73) 25Types 3 and 4 28 00
29、0 (195) 18 000 (125) 20Wire, 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) to 0.124 in. (3.15 mm)Types 1 and 2 18 000 (125) . 20Types 3 and 4 28 000 (195) . 15A10 in. (254 mm) gage length to 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) diameter, and 1 in. (25.4mm) or 2 in. (50.8 mm) gage length equal to or over 0.050 in. (1.27 mm).B392 09210. Qualit
30、y and Finish10.1 Finished niobium and niobium alloy bar, rod, and wireshall be free of injurious internal and external imperfections ofa nature that will interfere with the purpose for which it wasintended. Material may be finished as-rolled, as-cleaned, as-ground, or as-machined. If shipped as hot-
31、worked, cold-worked, cleaned, or ground, the manufacturer shall be permit-ted to remove minor surface imperfections, if such removaldoes not reduce the dimensions below the minimum permittedby the tolerances specified in Table 4.10.2 The finished bars, rods, or wire shall be visibly free ofoxide, gr
32、ease, oil, residual lubricants, and other extraneousmaterials.10.3 The finished bars, rods, or wire shall be visibly free ofcracks, seams, slivers, burrs, blisters, and other injuriousimperfections.10.4 Methods of testing for these defects and standards ofacceptability shall be as agreed upon betwee
33、n the manufacturerand the purchaser.11. Sampling11.1 Samples for chemical and mechanical testing shall betaken from the finished material after all metallurgical process-ing to determine conformity to this specification. The samplesmay be taken prior to final inspection and minor surfaceconditioning
34、 by abrasion and pickling, and shall be represen-tative of the finished product.11.2 Care shall be exercised to ensure that the sampleselected for testing is representative of the material and that itis not contaminated by the sampling procedure. If there is anyquestion relating to the sampling tech
35、nique or the analysisthereof, the methods of sampling and analysis shall be asagreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer.12. Number of Tests and Retests12.1 A minimum of one sample from each lot of bars, rods,or wire shall be tested for tensile properties in the longitudinaldirection.12.
36、2 If end-product chemical tests are required (6.3), onechemical test shall be made from each lot of finished product.12.3 RetestsIf any sample or specimen exhibits obvioussurface contamination or improper preparation, disqualifying itas a truly representative sample, it shall be discarded and a news
37、ample or specimen substituted.12.3.1 In case of a failure, retest two additional specimens.If both retest specimens conform to this specification, discardthe original values and consider the material acceptable;otherwise, the lot shall be rejected or reworked and tested.12.4 If the results of the fi
38、nal tube inspections are not inconformance with the requirements of this specification, the lotmay be reworked at the option of the manufacturer. The lotshall be acceptable if results of all tests, after reworking,conform to this specification.13. Significance of Numerical Limits13.1 For the purpose
39、s of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thisspecification, an observed value or a calculated value shall berounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding methodof Practice E29.14. Test Methods14.1 Tension TestConduct tension tests in ac
40、cordancewith Test Methods E8. Determine the yield strength by the0.2 % offset method. Small size, 1-in. (25.4-mm) gage lengthspecimens proportional to the standard specimen can be used.Determine tensile properties using a strain rate of 0.003 to0.007 in./in.min (.076 to .178 mm/mmmin) through the yi
41、eldpoint. After the yield strength has been exceeded, increase thecross-head speed to approximately 0.02 to 0.05 in./in.min(.500 to 1.27 mm/mmmin) to failure.15. Inspection15.1 If so specified on the purchase order, the purchaser orhis representative may witness the testing and inspection of themate
42、rial at the place of manufacture. In such cases, thepurchaser shall state in his purchase order which tests hedesires to witness. The manufacturer shall give ample notice tothe purchaser as to the time and place of the designated test. Ifthe purchasers representative does not present himself at thea
43、greed-upon time for the testing, and if no new date is set, themanufacturer shall consider the requirement for purchasersinspection at the place of manufacture to be waived. When theinspector representing the purchaser does appear at the ap-pointed place and time, the manufacturer shall afford him a
44、llreasonable facilities to see that the material is being furnishedin accordance with this specification. This inspection shall beconducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with productionoperations.16. Rejection and Rehearing16.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specifi
45、cation may be rejected. Rejection should be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.16.2 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser about th
46、e conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification or any special test specifiedby the purchaser, a mutually acceptable referee shall performthe tests in question. The results of the referees testing shall beused in determining conformance of the material to thisspecification.TAB
47、LE 4 Permissible Variations in Dimensions for Rolled,Swaged, or Drawn Rod and WireDiameter, in. (mm) Tolerances, plus or minus, in. (mm)0.0200.030 excl (0.510.76) 0.00075 (0.019)0.0300.060 excl (0.761.52) 0.001 (0.025)0.0600.090 excl (1.522.29) 0.0015 (0.038)0.0900.125 excl (2.293.18) 0.002 (0.051)0
48、.1250.187 excl (3.184.75) 0.003 (0.076)0.1870.375 excl (4.759.53) 0.004 (0.102)0.3750.500 excl (9.5312.7) 0.005 (0.127)0.5000.625 excl (12.715.9) 0.007 (0.178)0.6250.750 excl (15.919.1) 0.008 (0.203)0.7501.000 excl (19.125.4) 0.010 (0.254)1.0001.500 excl (25.438.1) 0.015 (0.381)1.5002.000 excl (38.1
49、50.8) 0.020 (0.508)2.0002.500 incl (50.863.5) 0.030 (0.762)B392 09317. Certification17.1 A producers or suppliers certification that the mate-rial was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected inaccordance with this specification, and found to meet therequirements shall be furnished to the purchaser. When speci-fied in the purchase order or contract, a report of the test resultsshall be furnished.18. Product Marking18.1 Each bar, rod, bundle, box, coil, or spool shall bemarked or tagged legibly and conspicuously, at a minimum,wit
