1、Designation: B49 17Standard Specification forCopper Rod for Electrical Purposes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B49; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parenthes
2、es indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements for rod indiameters from14
3、 to 138 in. (6.4 to 35 mm) produced fromhigh conductivity coppers listed inTable 1, namely, electrolytictough-pitch, oxygen-free, or fire-refined high conductivitycoppers, and are suitable for further fabrication into electricalconductors.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardeda
4、s standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only toSection 13. This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, a
5、ssociated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized prin
6、ciples on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents in the current issue of
7、 theBook of Standards form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein and define materials suitable for use in rodmanufacture:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B5 Specification for High Conductivity Tough-Pitch CopperRefinery ShapesB115 Specification for Electrolytic Copper CathodeB170 Specificat
8、ion for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic CopperRefinery ShapesB193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB224 Classification of CoppersB577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydro-gen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in CopperB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8/E8M
9、Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in UnalloyedCopper by GravimetryE478 Test
10、Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper AlloysE1606 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Exami-nation of Copper and Aluminum Redraw Rod for Electri-cal PurposesE2575 Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenin Copper and Copper Alloys (Withdrawn 2017)32.3 Other Document:4NBS Handbook 1
11、00 Copper Wire Tables3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of general terms relating to copper andcopper alloys refer to Terminology B846.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for rod under this specification shall include thefollowing information:4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.2 Quantity of e
12、ach size,4.1.3 UNS designation and requirements of copper (Sec-tions 510),4.1.4 Finish (Sections 9 and 10),1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.07 onRefined Copper.Current edition approved A
13、pril 1, 2017. Published May 2017. Originallyapproved in 1923. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as B49-16. DOI:10.1520/B0049-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume infor
14、mation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5301 ShawneeRd., Alexandria, VA 22312, http:/www.ntis.gov.*A Summary of Changes s
15、ection appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision
16、 on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14.1.5 Package with or without joints (see 5.3),4.1.6 Rod diameter (see 9.2),4.1.7 Inspection (Section 15),4.1.8 Package size (s
17、ee 19.1), and4.1.9 Special package marking as agreed upon between themanufacturer and the purchaser (Section 19).4.2 The following requirements are optional and should bespecified in the contract or purchase order when required.4.2.1 Certification (Section 17) and4.2.2 Test Report (Section 18).5. Ma
18、terial and Manufacture5.1 The rod shall be fabricated from copper of such qualityand purity that the finished product shall have the propertiesand characteristics prescribed in this specification.NOTE 1The following specifications define materials suitable for use:Classification B224, or Specificati
19、on B5, or Specification B115,orSpecification B170.5.2 Copper of special qualities, forms, or types, as agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser and that willconform to the requirements prescribed in this specificationmay also be used.5.3 The rod coils shall be furnished in continuous le
20、ngthswith or without joints, as ordered.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Each rod type shall conform to the chemical composi-tion requirements prescribed in Table 1 for the type of copperordered (Section 5).6.2 By agreement between the manufacturer and thepurchaser, the addition of silver up to an average
21、 of 30 troy ozper short ton of copper (0.10 %) will be considered within thespecification, copper including silver in the chemical analysis,with no individual silver analysis to exceed 35 troy oz per shortton (0.12 %). In the case of oxygen-free silver-bearing coppers,the designation OFS (oxygen-fre
22、e, silver-bearing) will be usedas shown in Classification B224 and will include the UNS Nos.C10400, C10500, and C10700 as defined by the agreed silvercontent.6.3 Silver-bearing tough-pitch copper corresponds to thedesignation STP (silver-bearing tough-pitch) as shown inClassification B224 and to cop
23、pers having UNS Nos. C11300,C11400, C11500, and C11600.6.4 Oxygen ContentOxygen-free copper as describedherein is defined as a copper containing not in excess of0.0010 % (10 ppm) oxygen and produced without the use ofmetallic or other deoxidizers.7. Physical Property Requirements7.1 Electrical Resis
24、tivityResistivity of the copper in theannealed condition (See Note X1.1 and Table 2) shall notexceed the following values at 20 C:Type of CopperResistivity, max, at 20 CAnnealed, g/m2UNS C10100 only 0.15176 (101.00 % IACS min)All others 0.15328 (100.00 % IACS min)8. Mechanical Property Requirements8
25、.1 Tensile TestsRod finished by hot working or annealingshall have a minimum elongation of 30 % in 10 in. (250 mm).(Note X1.2 and Test Methods E8/E8M.)TABLE 1 Chemical CompositionAUNS NumberCopper TypeC11000ETPC11040ETPC10100OFEBC10200OFCCopper, min 99.90 %Dincl silver99.90 %E99.99 %E99.95 %Dincl si
26、lverppm ppm ppm ppmTellurium, max . . . 2 2 . . .Selenium, max . . . 2 3 . . .Bismuth, max . . . 1.0 1.0 . . .Grouptotal,max . 3 . .Antimony, max . . . 4 4 . . .Arsenic, max . . . 5 5 . . .Tin,max . 5 2 .Lead, max . . . 5 5 . . .Iron, max . . . 10 10 . . .Nickel, max . . . 10 10 . . .Sulfur, max . .
27、 . 15 15 . . .Silver, max . . . 25 25 . . .Oxygen . . . 100650 5 max 10 maxMaximumallowable total. 65F. .Cadmium, max . . . . . . 1 . . .Phosphorus, max . . . . . . 3 . . .Zinc,max . . 1 .Manganese, max . . . . . . 0.5 . . .Fire-Refined CoppersUNS NumberCopper TypeC11020FRHCC11025FRHCCopper, minincl
28、 silver99.90 %D99.90 %DTellurium, max . . . 10Selenium, max . . . 10Bismuth, max . . . 5Group total, max . . . . . .Antimony, max . . . 50Arsenic, max . . . 10Tin, max . . . 150Lead . . . 150450Iron, max . . . 20Nickel, max . . . 150Sulfur, max . . . 20Silver, max . . . 150Oxygen . . . 100400Maximum
29、allowable total. 750FCadmium, max . . . 100Phosphorus, max . . . . . .Zinc, max . . . 80Manganese, max . . . . . .ASee 13.1.2.BFrom Specification B170 Grade 1 copper or equivalent.CFrom Specification B170 Grade 2 copper or equivalent.DSee 13.1.1.EBy difference. See 13.1.2 and 13.1.3.FNot including o
30、xygen.TABLE 2 Equivalent Resistivity ValuesAConductivity at 68 F (20 C), % IACS 100.00 101.00 lb/mile2875.20 866.53 g/m20.153 28 0.151 76 c mil/ft 10.371 10.268 mm2/m 0.017 241 0 0.017 070 in. 0.678 79 0.672 07 cm 1.7241 1.7070AThe equivalent resistivity values for 100 % IACS (soft copper) were each
31、computed from the fundamental IEC value (1/58 mm2/m) using conversionfactors each accurate to at least seven significant figures.B491728.2 Torsion (Twist) TestsTorsion tests are not a require-ment of this specification. However, a discussion will be foundin Note X1.3.8.3 Embrittlement (Bend) Test:8.
32、3.1 A test to reflect propensity towards hydrogen em-brittlement shall be performed only on oxygen-free copper.8.3.2 The specimen shall be tested in accordance with 13.6and Specification B170.8.3.3 The specimen, prepared and tested from the OFE(oxygen-free electronic) copper (UNS C10100) listed in T
33、able1, shall withstand without breaking into two pieces, a minimumof ten (10) reverse bends.8.3.4 The specimen, prepared and tested from the OF(oxygen-free) copper (UNS C10200) listed in Table 1, shallwithstand, without breaking into two pieces, a minimum ofeight (8) reverse bends.8.4 AnnealabilityA
34、nnealability is not a requirement ofthis specification. However, a discussion will be found in NoteX1.4, Note X1.5, Note X1.6, and Note X1.7.9. Other Requirements9.1 Surface OxideThe surface oxide film thickness shallbe determined in accordance with 13.5.9.1.1 Total thickness of the copper oxide fil
35、m on cleanedcopper rod or annealed shaved rod or cold-finished rod shallnot exceed 750 (7.5 108m).9.1.2 The residual oxide film thickness on as-shaved roddoes not need to be specified.9.1.3 A surface oxide requirement is not necessary for rodordered uncleaned.9.2 DiameterThe diameter of the rod at a
36、ny point shall notvary from that specified by more than the amounts prescribedin Table 3.9.3 Electromagnetic (Eddy-current) ExaminationElectro-magnetic examination of copper redraw rod is not a require-ment of this specification. If it is performed for detectingsurface discontinuities, however, a di
37、scussion will be found inNote X1.8.10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance10.1 The rod shall be free of defects, but blemishes of anature that do not interfere with the intended application areacceptable.11. Sampling11.1 Routine SamplingFor the routine analysis of copperrod coils, the methods of sam
38、pling shall be at the discretion ofthe tester.11.2 This procedure shall be used in case of rod disputebetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.11.2.1 A lot shall be considered as a single coil of finishedrod. A minimum of two samples of sufficient length shall betaken from the suspected non-confor
39、ming rod coil for re-testing. Samples may be taken from either end of the rod coilat the discretion of the tester. Specific numbers and locationsshall be determined between the producer and user. If the testpieces from both test samples pass the appropriate test(s), thenthe coil shall be deemed to c
40、onform to the particular require-ment(s) of the standard. If a test piece fails a test, the rod coilrepresented in the shipping lot shall be deemed not to conformto this standard.11.2.2 A shipping lot shall be the quantity of rod in coilform that is present in a single container, such as a truck orr
41、ailroad car.11.3 When a cast refinery shape has been chemicallyanalyzed and converted into rod without remelting, furtherchemical analysis shall not be required.12. Number of Tests and Retests12.1 Tests:12.1.1 Chemical AnalysisChemical composition shall bedetermined in accordance with the element me
42、an of the resultsfrom at least two replicate analyses of the sample(s).12.1.2 Other Tests:12.1.2.1 Electrical Resistivity, Tensile Elongation,Diameter, and Surface OxideResults shall be reported as theaverage obtained from at least two test specimens, each takenfrom a separate test piece where possi
43、ble.12.1.2.2 Hydrogen Embrittlement Test and MicroscopicalExaminationAll specimens tested must meet the require-ments of the specification.12.2 Retests:12.2.1 When requested by the manufacturer or supplier, aretest shall be permitted when results of tests obtained by thepurchaser fail to conform to
44、the requirements of the productspecification.12.2.2 The retest shall be as directed in the product speci-fication for the initial test except the number of test specimensshall be twice that normally required for the specified test.12.2.3 All test specimens shall conform to the productspecification r
45、equirement(s) in retest. Failure to conform shallbe cause for rejection.13. Test Methods13.1 Chemical Analysis:13.1.1 In case of dispute, copper content of the coppersother than UNS C10100 and UNS C11040 in Table 1 shall bedetermined in accordance with Test Method E53.13.1.2 Analytical method for de
46、termining impurity levels ofcoppers listed in Table 1 shall be in accordance with Specifi-cation B115.13.1.3 Copper content of UNS C10100 and UNS C11040types shall be calculated by subtracting from 100 % the totalimpurity concentration determined. The impurity total for UNSC10100 is defined as the s
47、um of sulfur, silver, lead, tin,bismuth, arsenic, antimony, iron, nickel, zinc, phosphorus,TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in DiameterNominal Diameter, in. (mm)Permissible Variation,in. (mm)14 (6.4) +0.020 (+0.51)0.010 (0.25)Over14 (6.4) to34 in. (19 mm) incl. 0.015 (0.38)Over34 (19) to 1.0 in. (25 m
48、m) incl. 0.020 (0.51)Over 1.0 (25) to 138 in. (35 mm) incl. 0.030 (0.76)B49173selenium, tellurium, manganese, cadmium, and oxygen presentin the sample. The impurity total for UNS C11040 is defined asthe sum of sulfur, silver, lead, tin, bismuth, arsenic, antimony,iron, nickel, selenium, tellurium, a
49、nd oxygen present in thesample.13.1.4 The test methods annex of Specification B170 shouldbe referenced for the oxygen-free coppers. Test Methods E478should be referenced for the determination of silver-bearingalloys permitted under this specification.13.1.5 Oxygen content shall be determined on cleanedcopper samples using a suitable laboratory apparatus or acommercial instrument designed specifically for this purpose.Test Method E2575 shall be referenced to determine oxygencontent in copper and copper alloys only for t
