1、Designation: B501 10 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forSilver-Coated, Copper-Clad Steel Wire for ElectronicApplication1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specificatio
3、n covers silver-coated, round, copper-clad steel wire for electronic application.1.2 Silver coatings in mass percentages of the total mass ofthe coated wire are as follows: 1.25, 2.5, 4.0, 6.1, and 8.0.1.2.1 Silver-coated wire having different minimum percent-age of silver by mass may be obtained by
4、 mutual agreementbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser. For informationpurposes, the thickness of coating in microinches provided bythe mass percentages listed in 1.2 is shown in Table 1.1.3 Four classes of copper-clad steel wire are covered asfollows: Class 30HS nominal 30 % conductivity hard-
5、drawn,Class 30A nominal 30 % conductivity annealed, Class 40HSnominal 40 % conductivity hard-drawn, and Class 40A nomi-nal 40 % conductivity annealed.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that
6、are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4.1 ExceptionIn resistivity the SI units are to be re-garded as the standard1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to the testmethod described in this specification. This standard does notpurport to address all of the safet
7、y problems, if any, associatedwith its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standardto establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior touse. (CautionConsideration should be given to toxicity andflammability when selecting
8、 solvent cleaners.)2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB258 Specification for Nomina
9、l Diameters and Cross-SectionalAreas ofAWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Usedas Electrical ConductorsB452 Specification for Copper-Clad Steel Wire for Elec-tronic Application3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 lotany amount of wire of one class and size pre-sented for
10、 acceptance at one time, such amount, however, notto exceed 10 000 lb (4500 kg) (Note 1).3.1.2 samplea quantity of production units (coils, reels,and so forth) selected at random from the lot for the purpose ofdetermining conformance of the lot to the requirements of thisspecification.3.1.3 specimen
11、a length of wire removed for test purposesfrom any individual production unit of the sample.NOTE 1Alot should comprise material taken from a product regularlymeeting the requirements of this specification. Inspection of individuallots of less than 500 lb (250 kg) of wire cannot be justified economic
12、ally.For small lots of 500 lb (250 kg) or less, the purchaser may agree to themanufacturers regular inspection of the product as a whole as evidence ofacceptability of such small lots.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1
13、 Quantity of each size,4.1.2 Wire size (see 7.1 and Table 1),4.1.3 Class of basis wire (see 1.3),4.1.4 Mass percentage of coating (see 1.2 and Table 1),4.1.5 Package size (see Section 12),4.1.6 Special packaging marking, if required, and1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
14、 B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.06 onComposite Conductors.Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published April 2015. Originallyapproved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B501 10. DOI:10.1520/B0501-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standa
15、rds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
16、19428-2959. United States14.1.7 Place of inspection (see 9.1).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The basis material shall consist of copper-clad steel wireconforming to the product description, quality and specifica-tion requirements of Specification B452.5.2 The silver-coated wire shall consist of the
17、 basis wirecoated with silver. The quality of the silver-coated wire shall besuch that the finished product meets the properties and require-ments in this specification (Note 2).NOTE 2Silver coatings on copper-clad steel provide for:(a) A barrier between the copper and insulation whose curing temper
18、a-ture in the process of fabricating is too high for the use of tin-coated wires.(b) Alow contact resistance between the strands of outer conductors ofcoaxial conductors used in high-frequency circuits.(c) A low radio-frequency resistance of conductors used in high-frequency circuits (skin effect).(
19、d) Good solderability for high-temperature hook-up wires whichprohibit the use of tin-coated wires due to high curing temperatures usedin fabricating the finished wire.6. General Requirements6.1 Tensile strength and elongation of the silver-coated wireshall conform to the requirements of Specificati
20、on B452 for theapplicable size and class of copper-clad steel wire.6.2 ResistivityThe electrical resistivity at a temperature of20C shall not exceed the values prescribed in Table 2. SeeNote 3 for calculating electrical resistance.6.3 Continuity of CoatingThe coating shall be continuous.The continui
21、ty of the coating shall be determined on represen-tative samples taken before stranding or insulating and shall bedetermined by the sodium polysulfide test, in accordance with10.2.3.1. Wire whose coating mass corresponds to a thicknessless than 0.00005 in. (50 in.) shall not be subject to this test.
22、6.4 Mass of CoatingThe mass of coating expressed inpercent of the total mass of the wire shall be not less than thepercentage specified and referred to in this specification or thepercentage as agreed on between the manufacturer and pur-chaser at the time of the placing of the order. For ease ofcomp
23、arison, the thickness of coating for various percentageshas been included in Table 1.6.5 JointsNecessary joints in the wire and rods prior tofinal coating and drawing shall be made in accordance withgood commercial practice. Joints made after coating shall notbe allowed to remain in the final produc
24、t.NOTE 3Relationships which may be useful in connection with thevalues of electrical resistivity prescribed in this specification are shown inTable 2. Resistivity units are based on the International Annealed CopperStandard (IACS) adopted by IEC in 1913, which is158 mm2/m at 20CTABLE 1 Silver Mass P
25、ercent and Thickness of CoatingDiameter Cross-Sectional Area at 20CThickness of Silver, in.(for information only)in. mm cmil in.2mm21.25%2.5%4.0%6.1%8.0%0.0720 1.829 5 180 0.00407 2.63 176 352 569 876 1 1580.0641 1.628 4 110 0.00323 2.08 156 313 507 779 1 0310.0571 1.450 3 260 0.00256 1.65 139 279 4
26、51 694 9180.0508 1.290 2 580 0.00203 1.31 124 248 401 618 8170.0453 1.151 2 050 0.00161 1.04 111 222 358 551 7280.0403 1.024 1 620 0.00128 0.823 98 197 318 490 6480.0359 0.912 1 290 0.00101 0.653 88 176 284 437 5770.0320 0.813 1 020 0.000804 0.519 78 156 253 389 5150.0285 0.724 812 0.000638 0.412 70
27、 139 225 347 4580.0253 0.643 640 0.000503 0.324 62 124 200 308 4070.0226 0.574 511 0.000401 0.259 55 111 179 275 3630.0201 0.511 404 0.000317 0.205 49 98 159 244 3230.0179 0.455 320 0.000252 0.162 44 88 141 218 2880.0159 0.404 253 0.000199 0.128 39 78 126 193 2560.0142 0.361 202 0.000158 0.102 35 69
28、 112 173 2280.0126 0.320 159 0.000125 0.0804 31 62 100 153 2030.0113 0.287 128 0.000100 0.0647 28 55 89 137 1820.0100 0.254 100 0.0000785 0.0507 24 49 79 122 1610.0089 0.226 79.2 0.0000622 0.0401 22 44 70 108 1430.0080 0.203 64.0 0.0000503 0.0324 39 63 97 1290.0071 0.180 50.4 0.0000396 0.0255 35 56
29、86 1140.0063 0.160 39.7 0.0000312 0.0201 31 50 77 1010.0056 0.142 31.4 0.0000246 0.0159 26 44 68 900.0050 0.127 25.0 0.0000196 0.0127 24 40 61 800.0045 0.114 20.2 0.0000159 0.0103 22 36 55 720.0040 0.102 16.0 0.0000126 0.00811 32 49 640.0035 0.089 12.2 0.00000962 0.00621 28 43 560.0031 0.079 9.61 0.
30、00000755 0.00487 24 38 50TABLE 2 ResistivityResistivity, max at 20CClass of Wire mm2/m30HS and 30A 0.0586240HS and 40A 0.04397B501 10 (2015)2for 100 % conductivity. The values of 0.017241 mm2/m and the valueof 0.15328 g/m2at 20C are respectively the international equivalent ofvolume and mass resisti
31、vity of annealed copper equal to 100 % conduc-tivity. The latter term means that a copper wire1minlength and mass of1 g would have a resistance of 0.15328 . This is equivalent to aresistivity value of 875.20 lb/mile2, which signifies the resistance of acopper wire 1 mile in length with mass of 1 lb.
32、 It is also equivalent, forexample, to 1.7241 /cm of length of a copper bar 1 cm2in cross section.A complete discussion of this subject is contained in NBS Handbook 100of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The use of fivesignificant figures in expressing resistivity does not imply t
33、he need forgreater accuracy of measurement than that specified in Test Method B193.The use of five significant figures is required for complete reversibleconversion from one set of resistivity units to another.7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations7.1 The wire sizes shall be expressed as the diame
34、ter of thewire in decimal fractions of an inch to the nearest 0.0001 in.(0.003 mm) (Note 4). For diameters under 0.0100 in. (0.254mm), the wire shall not vary from the specified diameter bymore than 60.0001 in. (0.003 mm) and for diameters of 0.0100in. (0.254 mm) and over, the wire shall not vary fr
35、om thespecified diameter by more than 61 %, expressed to thenearest 0.0001 in. (0.003 mm).NOTE 4The values of the wire diameters in Table 1 are given to thenearest 0.0001 in. and correspond to the standard sizes given in Specifi-cation B258. The use of gage numbers to specify wires is not recognized
36、in this specification because of the possibility of confusion. An excellentdiscussion of wire gages and related subjects is contained in NBSHandbook 1003of the National Institute of Standards and Technology.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The coating shall consist of a smooth, continuous l
37、ayer,firmly adherent to the surface of the copper. The wire shall bebright and free from all imperfections not consistent with goodcommercial practice.9. Sampling9.1 The number of production units in a sample (Note 5)shall be as follows:9.2 For elongation, resistivity, and mass of coatingdeterminati
38、ons, the sample shall consist of four productionunits. For continuity of coating determinations, the sampleshall consist of eight production units. From each unit, one testspecimen of sufficient length shall be removed for the perfor-mance of the required test.9.3 For dimensional measurements and su
39、rface finish, thesamples shall consist of a quantity of production units shown inTable 3 under the heading “First Sample.”9.4 For packaging inspection (when specified by the pur-chaser at the time of placing the order), the sample shall consistof a quantity of production units shown in Table 4.NOTE
40、5Cumulative results secured on the product of a singlemanufacturer indicating continued conformance to the criteria, are neces-sary to ensure an overall product meeting the requirements of thisspecification. The sample size and conformance criteria given for thevarious characteristics are applicable
41、 only to lots produced under theseconditions.10. Test Methods10.1 For tensile strength, elongation, resistivity, dimen-sional measurement and the quality of the basis wire, the latestissue of Specification B452 shall apply and the tests shall beperformed on the silver-coated wire (Note 6).NOTE 6It i
42、s known that the rate of loading during tension testingaffects the performance of the sample to a greater or lesser extentdepending upon many factors. In general, tested values of tensile strengthare increased and tested values of elongation are reduced with increase ofspeed of the moving head of th
43、e testing machine. In the case of tests onsoft or annealed wire, however, the effects of speed of testing are notpronounced. Tests of soft wire made at speeds of moving head whichunder no-load conditions are not greater than 12 in./min (300 mm/min) donot alter the final results of tensile strength a
44、nd elongation determinationsto any practical extent. In the case of hard-drawn wire, these effects arepronounced when the speed of the moving head is excessive. It issuggested that tests be made at speeds of moving head which, underno-load conditions, are not greater than 3 in./min (76 mm/min), but
45、in nocase at a speed greater than that at which correct readings can be made.10.2 Continuity of Silver Coating:10.2.1 Specimens:3Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.TABLE 3 Sampling for Dimens
46、ional MeasurementsNo. of Units in LotFirst Sample Second SampleNo. ofUnits inSample n1Allowable No.of Defects inSample c1No. ofUnits inSample n2n1+ n2Allowable No.of Defects inboth Samples, c21 to 14, incl all 0 . . 015 to 50, incl 14 0 . . 051 to 100, incl 19 0 23 42 1101 to 200, incl 24 0 46 70 22
47、01 to 400, incl 29 0 76 105 3401 to 800, incl 33 0 112 145 4Over 800 34 0 116 150 4TABLE 4 Sampling for Surface Finish and Packaging InspectionNo. Units in LotNo. ofUnits inSample, nAllowable No.of DefectiveUnits, c1 to 30, incl all 031 to 50, incl 30 051 to 100, incl 37 0101 to 200, incl 40 0201 to
48、 300, incl 70 1301 to 500, incl 100 2501 to 800, incl 130 3Over 800 155 4B501 10 (2015)310.2.1.1 Length of SpecimensTest specimens shall eachhave a length of about 6 in. (150 mm). They shall be tagged ormarked to correspond with the coil, spool, or reel from whichthey were cut.10.2.1.2 Treatment of
49、SpecimensThe specimens shall bethoroughly cleaned by immersion in a suitable organic solventfor at least 3 min; then removed and wiped dry with a clean,soft cloth. The specimens thus cleaned shall be kept wrapped ina clean, dry cloth until tested. That part of the specimen to beimmersed in the test solution shall not be handled. Care shallbe taken to avoid abrasion by the cut ends.10.2.2 Special Solutions:10.2.2.1 Sodium Polysulfide SolutionA concentrated solu-tion shall be made by dissolving sodium sulfide crystals (cp) indistilled water u
