1、Designation: B693 91 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Specification forSilver-Nickel Electrical Contact Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B693; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers electrical contact componentsmade from silver nickel by powder metallurgical procedures.1.2 This s
3、pecification covers compositions within the silver-nickel system normally specified by users of electrical con-tacts.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith a
4、ll hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 AS
5、TM Standards:2B328 Test Method for Density, Oil Content, and Intercon-nected Porosity of Sintered Metal Structural Parts andOil-Impregnated Bearings3E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE384 Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness ofMaterials3. Ordering Information3.1 Orde
6、rs for this material under this specification shallinclude the following information.3.1.1 Dimensions (see Section 6).3.1.2 Chemical composition (see reference table in Appen-dix X1).3.1.3 Physical properties (see Section 5 and reference tablein Appendix X1).3.1.4 Certification (see Section 13).3.1.
7、5 Other features as agreed upon between the seller andthe user.4. Chemical Composition4.1 The material shall conform to composition limits asagreed upon between the manufacturer and user.4.2 The chemical analysis shall be made in accordance withthe methods described in the newest edition of Annual B
8、ook ofASTM Standards, Vol 03.05 and 03.06, or by any otherapproved method agreed upon between manufacturer andpurchaser.5. Physical Requirements5.1 The manufacturer and purchaser shall agree on qualifi-cation tests for determination of physical properties.5.2 The tests shall be performed on producti
9、on parts,wherever practical, or applicable. (Small size contacts do notlend themselves to accurate conductivity measurement.)5.3 The tests shall be determined after consideration of thefunction of the part.5.4 The typical properties of the most common types ofsilver-nickel electrical contact materia
10、ls are given in theappendix.6. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations6.1 Permissible variations in dimensions shall be within thelimits specified on drawings describing the contacts andaccompanying the order, or shall be within the limits specifiedin the purchase order.7. Workmanship, Finish a
11、nd Appearance7.1 The parts shall be free of defects in material or process-ing, which would seriously affect their performance.8. Sampling8.1 LotUnless otherwise specified, a lot shall consist ofparts of the same form, and dimensions, made of powders ofthe same particle size range and composition, p
12、rocessed underthe same conditions, and submitted for inspection at one time.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.05 on Precious Metals and Electrical Contact Materials.Current edition ap
13、proved May 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originallyapproved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B693 91 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/B0693-91R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStand
14、ards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.9
15、. Number of Tests and Retests9.1 Chemical AnalysisThe manufacturer and purchasershall agree on a representative number of specimens forchemical analysis. A representative sample of chips may beobtained by milling, drilling, or crushing with dry tools,(without lubrication). In order to obtain free ch
16、ips, the partsselected for test shall have the oil extracted in accordance withTest Method B328, if necessary.9.2 Physical TestsThe manufacturer and purchaser shallagree on a representative number of specimens, for physicaltests including microstructure.10. Significance and Use10.1 Proprietary metho
17、ds for manufacture of these materialsvary significantly among suppliers and these methods influencesuch properties as arc erosion, contact resistance, and thetendency to weld in service. Since the performance of contactsin a device depends on numerous factors outside the contactitself (opening speed
18、, closing speed, contact pressure, contactbounce, environmental variations, assembly technique andvariations, etc.), this specification cannot ensure performancecontrol in the application. As part of the qualification on initialsamples, it is recommended that the user functionally test thematerials
19、electrically for all devices applicable to the materialsuse. This specification provides a means for the contactmanufacturer and contact user to reach agreement on thedetails of material to be supplied for a specific use andreasonable assurance that future lots will be similar in proper-ties and mic
20、rostructure to the initial test or sample contactsupplied.11. Inspection11.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon be-tween the purchaser and the supplier as part of the purchasecontract.12. Rejection and Rehearing12.1 Unless otherwise specified, rejections based on testsmade in accordance
21、 with the specification shall be reported tothe manufacturer within 30 days of the receipt of shipment.13. Certification13.1 When a request is made at the time of cost quotationand when specified in the purchase order or contract, aproducers or suppliers certification shall be furnished to thepurcha
22、ser that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested,and inspected in accordance with this specification and hasbeen found to meet the requirements. When specified in thepurchase order or contract, a report of the test results shall befurnished.14. Keywords14.1 contacts; electrical contacts; elec
23、trical contact materi-als; impurities; silver-nickelAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. Typical Property ValuesX1.1 The following information provides guidelines forusers and manufacturers of silver-nickel contact materials(Table X1.1). These properties are influenced by particle size,homogeneity,
24、 impurities or additives, and other manufacturingprocess variables. For example, the specific gravity and hard-ness of fabricated wire or strip, in general, are higher than forpresssinter-repress materials. Tensile strength values versus theamount of cold work for wire varies considerably dependingu
25、pon the annealing temperature used and the microstructure.The best choice for a given application should be mutuallydecided between the purchaser and the supplier, using theirmutual experience and application knowledge.X1.2 With the knowledge that many manufacturing processvariables are available, i
26、f a vendor change is made, noticeableproperty or performance variations are possible.B693 91 (2012)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that dete
27、rmination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or
28、 withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel tha
29、t your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints
30、(single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM we
31、bsite (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE X1.1 Typical Property Ranges or ValuesClassification 90 Silver-10 Nickel85 Silver-15 Nickel80 Silver-20 Nickel70 Silver-30 Nickel60 Silver-40 Nickel50 Silver-50 NickelSilver,% 89.091.0 84.086.0 79.081.0 69.071.0 59.061.0 49.051.0Nickel, % balance balance balance
32、 balance balance balanceTotal impurities, % 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2Theoretical density, g/cm3 A10.31 10.22 10.13 9.96 9.79 9.63Density theoretical, min, %:Press-sinter-repress 97 96 96 . 93 93Fabricated 99 99 99 99 99 .Specific gravity for fabricated product,min. g/cm310.2 . 10.0 9.8 9.7 .Electrical
33、 conductivity:% IACS 7594 6588 6283 5373 4568 3050m/Vmm24455 3851 3648 3142 2639 1729Hardness:Press-sinter-repress R15TB4862 4868 5468 . 5868 6077Fabricated-HV500A5090 . 6090 65105 70115 .Tensile strength of fabricated wire, ksi (MPa):Temper:Annealed 36.0 (248) 38.0 (262) . 46.0 (317) . .21 % reduction 45.0 (310) 54.0 (372) . 61.0 (421) . .60 % reduction 56.5 (390) 65.0 (448) . 71.0 (490) . .84 % reduction 61.0 (421) 68.0 (469) . 77.0 (531) . .ASee Test Method E384.BSee Test Methods E18.B693 91 (2012)3
