1、Designation: B693 91 (Reapproved 2012)B693 17Standard Specification forSilver-Nickel Electrical Contact Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B693; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers electrical contact components made from silver nickel by powder metallurgical procedures.1.
3、2 This specification covers compositions within the silver-nickel system normally specified by users of electrical contacts.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all
4、of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety DataSheet (MSDS)(SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establis
5、h appropriate safety safety, health, andhealthenvironmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Princi
6、ples for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B328 Test Method for Density, Oil Content, and Interconnected Porosity of Sintered Metal Struct
7、ural Parts and Oil-ImpregnatedBearings (Withdrawn 2009)3E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of MaterialsB476 Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Precious Metal Electrical Contact Materials3. Ordering Information3.1
8、 Orders for this material under this specification shall include the following information.3.1.1 Dimensions Dimensionsthickness, width, length, diameter, coil size or other pertinent sizes (see Section 6).3.1.2 Chemical composition and mechanical properties (see reference table in Appendix X1).3.1.3
9、 Physical properties (see Section 5 and reference table in Appendix X1).3.1.4 Certification (see Section 1312).3.1.5 Other features as agreed upon between the seller and the user.4. ChemicalAlloy Composition and Impurities4.1 The material alloys (material) shall conform to composition and impurity l
10、imits as agreed upon between the manufacturerand user.4.2 The chemical analysis shall be made in accordance with the methods described in the newest edition of Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Vol 03.05 and 03.06, or by any other approved method agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.5. Physica
11、l and Mechanical Requirements5.1 The manufacturer and purchaser shall agree on qualification tests for determination of physical and mechanical properties.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommi
12、ttee B02.05 onPrecious Metals and Electrical Contact Materials.Current edition approved May 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2017. Published May 2012December 2017. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 asB693 91 (2006).(2012). DOI: 10.1520/B0693-91R12.10.1520/B0693-17.2 For reference
13、dASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standardsstandards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenc
14、ed on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that user
15、s consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 The tests shall be perfor
16、med on production parts, wherever practical, or applicable. (Small size contacts do not lendthemselves to accurate conductivity measurement.)5.3 The tests shall be determined after consideration of the function of the part.5.4 The typical properties of the most common types of silver-nickel electric
17、al contact materials are given in theTable X1.1appendix.of Appendix X1.6. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations6.1 Permissible variations in dimensions shall be within the limits specified on drawings describing the contacts andaccompanying the order, or shall be within the limits specified i
18、n the purchase order.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The parts shall be free of defects in material or processing, which would seriously affect their performance.8. SamplingSampling, Testing and Retesting8.1 LotUnless otherwise specified, a lot shall consist of parts of the same form, and
19、dimensions, made of powders of the sameparticle size range and composition, processed under the same conditions, and submitted for inspection at one time.8.2 Chemical AnalysisThe manufacturer and purchaser shall agree on a representative number of specimens for compositionand impurity analysis. A re
20、presentative sample of chips may be obtained by milling, drilling, or crushing with dry tools, (withoutlubrication). In order to obtain free chips, the parts selected for test shall have the oil extracted in accordance with Test MethodB328, if necessary.8.3 Physical and Mechanical TestsThe manufactu
21、rer and purchaser shall agree on a representative number of specimens forphysical and mechanical tests including microstructure.9. Number of Tests and Retests9.1 Chemical AnalysisThe manufacturer and purchaser shall agree on a representative number of specimens for chemicalanalysis. A representative
22、 sample of chips may be obtained by milling, drilling, or crushing with dry tools, (without lubrication).In order to obtain free chips, the parts selected for test shall have the oil extracted in accordance with Test Method B328, ifnecessary.9.2 Physical TestsThe manufacturer and purchaser shall agr
23、ee on a representative number of specimens, for physical testsincluding microstructure.9. Significance and Use9.1 Proprietary methods for manufacture of these materials vary significantly among suppliers and these methods influence suchproperties as arc erosion, contact resistance, and the tendency
24、to weld in service. Since the performance of contacts in a devicedepends on numerous factors outside the contact itself (opening speed, closing speed, contact pressure, contact bounce,environmental variations, assembly technique and variations, etc.), this specification cannot ensure performance con
25、trol in theapplication.As part of the qualification on initial samples, it is recommended that the user functionally test the materials electricallyfor all devices applicable to the materials use. This specification provides a means for the contact manufacturer and contact userto reach agreement on
26、the details of material to be supplied for a specific use and reasonable assurance that future lots will besimilar in properties and microstructure to the initial test or sample contact supplied.10. Inspection10.1 Inspection of the material shall be in accordance with Specification B476 or as agreed
27、 upon between the purchaser and thesupplier as part of the purchase contract.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Unless otherwise specified, rejections based on tests made in accordance with the specification shall be reported to themanufacturer within 30 days of the receipt of shipment.12. Certificatio
28、n12.1 When a request is made at the time of cost quotation and when specified in the purchase order or contract, aproducersproducers or supplierssuppliers certification shall be furnished to the purchaser that the material was manufactured,sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with this speci
29、fication and has been found to meet the requirements. When specifiedin the purchase order or contract, a report of the test results shall be furnished.B693 17213. Keywords13.1 contacts; electrical contacts; electrical contact materials; impurities; silver-nickelAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1.
30、Typical Property ValuesX1.1 The following information provides guidelines for users and manufacturers of silver-nickel contact materials (Table X1.1).These properties are influenced by particle size, homogeneity, impurities or additives, and other manufacturing process variables.For example, the spe
31、cific gravity and hardness of fabricated wire or strip, in general, are higher than for presssinter-repressmaterials. Tensile strength values versus the amount of cold work for wire varies considerably depending upon the annealingtemperature used and the microstructure.The best choice for a given ap
32、plication should be mutually decided between the purchaserand the supplier, using their mutual experience and application knowledge.X1.2 With the knowledge that many manufacturing process variables are available, if a vendor change is made, noticeableproperty or performance variations are possible.A
33、STM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are
34、entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
35、and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee
36、 on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or
37、 at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ X1.1 Typical Pr
38、operty Ranges or ValuesClassificationClassification 90 Silver-10 Nickel 85 Silver-15 Nickel 80 Silver-20 Nickel 70 Silver-30 Nickel 60 Silver-40 Nickel 50 Silver-50 NickelSilver,% 89.091.0 84.086.0 79.081.0 69.071.0 59.061.0 49.051.0Nickel, % balance balance balance balance balance balanceTotal impu
39、rities, % 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2Theoretical density, g/cm3 A 10.31 10.22 10.13 9.96 9.79 9.63Density theoretical, min, %:Press-sinter-repress 97 96 96 . 93 93Fabricated 99 99 99 99 99 .Specific gravity for fabricated product,min. g/cm310.2 . 10.0 9.8 9.7 .Electrical conductivity:% IACS 7594 6588 62
40、83 5373 4568 3050m/mm2 4455 3851 3648 3142 2639 1729Hardness:Press-sinter-repress R15TB 4862 4868 5468 . 5868 6077Fabricated-HV500A 5090 . 6090 65105 70115 .Tensile strength of fabricated wire, ksi (MPa):Temper:Annealed 36.0 (248) 38.0 (262) . 46.0 (317) . .21 % reduction 45.0 (310) 54.0 (372) . 61.0 (421) . .60 % reduction 56.5 (390) 65.0 (448) . 71.0 (490) . .84 % reduction 61.0 (421) 68.0 (469) . 77.0 (531) . .A See Test Method E384.B See Test Methods E18.B693 173
