1、Designation: B 703 05Standard Test Method forApparent Density of Powders Using Arnold Meter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 703; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining theapparent density of both free- and non-free-flowing powders,premixes, and blended
3、 mixes.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establ
4、ish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 212 Test Method for Apparent Density of Free-FlowingMetal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter FunnelB 215 Practices for Sampling Metal Powder
5、sB 243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB 329 Test Method for Apparent Density of Metal Powdersand Compounds Using the Scott VolumeterB 417 Test Method for Apparent Density of Non-Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Carney Funnel3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsUseful definitions of terms for metal pow-
6、ders and powder metallurgy are found in Terminology B 243.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 Arnold Density MeterThis instrument enables theuser to determine the density of any powder or mix, whether ornot the powder has flow characteristics. It simulates the actionof the feed
7、shoe of the press. The values obtained on metalpowders are approximately 0.2 g/cm3higher than those ob-tained with the Hall, Test Method B 212; Carney, Test MethodB 417; or Scott, Test Method B 329, instruments.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of slowly sliding a bushingpartial
8、ly filled with powder over a hole in a hardened steelblock, collecting and weighing the powder, and calculating itsapparent density.5. Significance and Use5.1 The apparent density is an important measure of amaterial characteristic inherent in the powder that is useful tothe powder producers and end
9、 users in determining lot to lotconsistency. Knowledge of the apparent density of the finalmix as obtained with this test method is very beneficial to thepowder metallurgy (P/M) parts fabricator for setting compres-sion ratios for fixed fill die cavities.5.2 This test method may be part of a purchas
10、e agreementbetween the powder supplier and P/M parts producer, or it maybe an internal quality control test for either party.6. Apparatus6.1 Steel Block3A hardened, tempered, and demagnetizedsteel block (60 HRC Min.) having a center hole 31.6640 60.0025 mm (1.2466 6 0.0001 in.) in diameter and a hei
11、ght of25.4000 6 0.0025 mm (1.0000 6 0.0001 in.) that correspondsto a volume of 20 cm3(1.22 in.3)(Fig. 1).6.2 Bushing3, either brass or bronze, approximately 38 mm(1.50 in.) inside diameter (ID) by 45 mm (1.75 in.) outsidediameter (OD) by 38 mm long (Fig. 1).6.3 Weighing PaperA sheet of cellophane or
12、 glazed orwaxed paper measuring approximately 150 by 150 mm square(6.0 by 6.0 in.).6.4 BalanceA balance having a capacity of at least 200 gsuitable for weighing to 0.01 g.7. Sampling7.1 Obtain a test sample in accordance with Practices B 215.7.2 The powder sample shall be of sufficient volume to fil
13、lthe bushing to about three quarters of its height.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on MetalPowders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee B09.02 on Base Metal Powders.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005.
14、 Originallyapproved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as B 703 94 (1999)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summ
15、ary page onthe ASTM website.3The sole source of supply of the Arnold Density Meter complete with bushingknown to the committee at this time is Arnold P/M Consulting Services, 648 CedarRoad, St. Marys, PA 15857. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please providethis information to ASTM Interna
16、tional Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194
17、28-2959, United States.8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Clean the steel block and bushing thoroughly to elimi-nate any loose powder particles.9. Procedure9.1 Place the steel block on a sheet of preweighed or taredpaper.9.2 Place the bushing on the steel block, on either side of thehole.9.3 Fill the bu
18、shing slowly and carefully to three-quarters ofits height with powder. (An inscribed ring on the ID of thebushing indicates the proper fill height.)9.4 With downward pressure on the bushing, slowly slidethe bushing toward the hole while twisting it. This gives asnowplow action to the powder as it fa
19、lls slowly into the hole.Continue this motion until the bushing passes the hole. Stop,and again with downward pressure on the bushing, slide itstraight back over the hole to its starting position. The slidingaction must be slow enough to permit complete filling of thesteel block cavity.9.5 Remove th
20、e steel block from the preweighed paperbeing careful not to tip the block and spill additional powder onto the paper.9.6 Transfer the pre-weighed or tared paper to a balance andweigh. Calculate the density from the following equation:Apparent Density, g/cm35Mass in grams20 cm3(1)10. Report10.1 Repor
21、t the apparent density to the nearest 0.01 g/cm3.To minimize confusion with other test methods, report asApparent Density, Arnold, g/cm3.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionPrecision has been determined from aninterlaboratory study performed by Subcommittee B09.02.11.1.1 Apparent Density Using the A
22、rnold Meter:Repeatability r 5 0.08 g/cm3(2)11.1.2 In 95 % of such tests, on the basis of test error alone,duplicate tests in the same laboratory by the same operator, onone homogeneous lot of powder, will differ by no more thanthe stated amount.Reproducibility R 5 0.15 g/m3(3)11.1.3 For 95 % of comp
23、arative trials done in two differentlaboratories and on the basis of test error alone, a single test onthe same homogeneous lot of powder will differ by no morethan the stated amount.11.2 BiasNo bias statement can be made because there isno accepted standard or reference powder for apparent density.
24、12. Keywords12.1 apparent density, Arnold Density, density of non-free-flowing powders, metal powdersFIG. 1 Arnold Apparent Density MeterB703052SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue, B 703 94(1999)e1, that may impact the
25、 use of this standard. (Approved Oct. 1, 2005.)(1) Revised 3.2.1, Arnold Density Meter.(2) Revised 5.1, Significance and Use.(3) Revised 9.4, Procedure.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Us
26、ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed ever
27、y five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible techni
28、cal committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B703053
