1、Designation: B 754 89 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forMeasuring and Recording the Deviations from Flatness inCopper and Copper Alloy Strip1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 754; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the measure-ment of distortions in th
3、in metal strip and the application ofthese measurements to an equation that will indicate thedeviation from flatness.1.2 The distortions to be measured in this test method aredish, wavy edges, buckle, longitudinal corrugation, and her-ringbone.1.3 This test method is not intended to include the meas
4、ure-ment of coil set or longitudinal curl, camber or edgewisecurvature, or twist.1.4 This test method is limited to metal strip 0.003 to 0.020in. (0.08 to 0.50 mm) thick and not more than 6.0 in. (150.0mm) wide.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard.The values given in parenthese
5、s are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations p
6、rior to use.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.1.1 buckle (center bulge or oil can)alternate bulges andhollows recurring along the length of a strip with the edgesremaining relatively flat.2.1.2 dish (cross or transverse bow)the departure fromflatness across the full
7、width of the strip in the form of a singlearc, excluding burrs.2.1.3 herringbonea series of long continuous waves run-ning at various angles to the rolling direction.2.1.4 longitudinal corrugationa condition similar to dishexcept that the sense of curvature changes sign at least onceacross the width
8、 of the strip.2.1.5 wavy edges (wavesedge wave)a continuous pat-tern of waves or wrinkles along the edges of the strip, with arelatively flat center portion.3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is intended for measuring distortion instrip used for making close tolerance parts. Since distortio
9、n inthis strip would influence the shape of the part being producedand cause difficulties in feeding through close-fitting dies andother manufacturing equipment, it is important that this mate-rial be flat.3.2 This test method provides a universal procedure formeasuring the irregularities that cause
10、 the deviation fromflatness.3.3 This test method allows the purchaser and manufacturerto inspect strip with a standard technique to a mutually agreedupon and acceptable percentage deviation from flatness.4. Apparatus4.1 Surface Plate, to be used as a reference flat. It must havea large enough surfac
11、e area to accommodate the maximum sizetest specimen. It shall be flat within 0.0002 in. (0.005 mm) per1 in. (25 mm).4.2 Micrometer, for measuring metal thickness. It shall begraduated in 0.0001-in. (0.0025-mm) increments.4.3 Height Gage, for measuring the height of irregularities.The arm of this gag
12、e must be long enough to extend beyond thecenter of the widest strip to be measured. It shall be graduatedin 0.001-in. (0.025-mm) increments.24.4 Steel Rule, for measuring the lengths of the irregulari-ties. It shall be graduated in 0.02-in. (0.50-mm) increments.5. Test Specimens5.1 The test specime
13、n shall be the full-finished slit width ofthe strip and cut long enough so that measurement will not beinfluenced by the distortions referred to in 1.3.5.2 When cutting specimens, caution must be taken toprevent additional distortion.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05
14、on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.06 onMethods of Test.Current edition approved Mar. 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyappproved in 1986. Last previous edition approved 1999 as B 754 89 (1999)e1.2An electronic touch sensitive system, which will no
15、t distort the sample, hasbeen found to be acceptable.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Procedure6.1 Measure the thickness of the specimen at six locat
16、ions,near each corner and at midwidth at each end, to the nearest0.001 in. (0.03 mm) using the micrometer. The average of thesesix readings will be used as T.6.2 Place the test strip unrestrained on the surface plate. Ifthe specimen is not flat, compare the irregularities observedwith the illustrati
17、ons shown in Figs. 1-5 to determine the typeof distortion and how it should be measured.6.3 Using the height gage, measure the highest point H ofeach of the irregularities to the nearest 0.001 in. (0.03 mm). SeeFigs. 1-6.6.4 Using the steel rule, measure the length L between thepoints where the oute
18、r radii of the most significant irregularitytouches the surface plate, to the nearest 0.02 in. (0.50 mm). SeeFigs. 1-7.6.5 Repeat this procedure as often as necessary to satisfyquality level requirements, recording each measurement.7. Calculation or Interpretation of Results7.1 Apply the values for
19、T, H, and L obtained for eachirregularity to the following equation to determine the percent-age of deviation from flat.Deviation from flat, % 5H 2 TL3 100 (1)Compare the results to the agreed upon limits. The larger thepercentage, the greater the deviation from flat.8. Report8.1 The nominal thickne
20、ss, width, temper, alloy number,and form of product should be reported.8.2 The number and type of distortions measured and thethickness, height, length, and percent deviation from flatnessfor each should be reported.9. Precision and Bias9.1 The precision of this test method is dependent upon thesens
21、itivity of the measuring apparatus.9.2 This test method has no bias because the values ofdeviation from flatness are direct measurements based on theaccuracy of the test apparatus and the observations of theinspector.10. Keywords10.1 flatness measurement; strip flatnessSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B0
22、5 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue of B 754 - 89(Reapproved 1994)e1that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Sept. 10, 1999)(1) No technical changes have been made to this standard.Incidental wording changes have been inserted to comply
23、withthe new Outline of Form.FIG. 1 DishB 754 89 (2005)2FIG. 2 Wavy EdgesNOTE 1For illustration only. Section to show measuring.FIG. 3 BuckleFIG. 4 Longitudinal CorrugationB 754 89 (2005)3FIG. 5 HerringboneFIG. 6 Measuring Height of Irregularity With Height GageB 754 89 (2005)4FIG. 7 Measuring Length
24、 of Irregularity With Steel RuleASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof
25、infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this st
26、andard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your
27、 views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B 754 89 (2005)5
