1、Designation:B88405 Designation: B884 11Standard Specification forNiobium-Titanium Alloy Billets, Bar, and Rod forSuperconducting Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B884; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the c
2、ase of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers niobium-titanium alloy billets, bars, and rods, at 46 to 48 % t
3、itanium. This material is used in themanufacture of wire for superconducting applications.1.2The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each systemare not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independent of the
4、other; SI values cannot be mixed with inch-poundvalues. SI units are stated in parentheses.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered s
5、tandard.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification: This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropr
6、iate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE92 Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Mater
7、ialsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General IndustryE214 Practice for Immersed Ultrasonic Testing by the Reflection Method Using Pulsed Longitudinal WavesE384 Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness of Materials Test Method fo
8、r Knoop and Vickers Hardness of MaterialsE2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and Refractory Metals2.2 ANSI Standard:ANSI B46-1 Surface Texture32.3 ASNT Standard:ASNT SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Sp
9、ecific to This Standard:3.1.1 rod, nmaterial greater than 0.5 in. (13 mm) and less than 2.5 in (60 mm) in. diameter.3.1.2 bar, nmaterial greater than or equal to 2.5 in (60 mm) and less than 6 in. (150 mm) in diameter.3.1.3 billet, nmaterial greater than or equal to 6 in. (150 mm) in diameter.3.1.4
10、lot, na lot shall consist of all material produced from the same ingot at one time, with the same cross section and withthe same nominal metallurgical parameters. a lot shall consist of material of the same size, shape, condition and finish producedfrom the same ingot or powder blend by the same red
11、uction schedule and the same heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwiseagreed between manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to the product of an 8th period for final continuous anneal, orto a single furnace load for final batch anneal.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of AS
12、TM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB10.03 on Niobium and Tantalum.Current edition approved MayApril 1, 2005.2011. Published June 2005.April 2011. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20012005 asB884
13、- 015. DOI: 10.1520/B0884-05.10.1520/B0884-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available fr
14、om American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from The American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http:/www.asnt.org.1This document is not an ASTM sta
15、ndard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cas
16、es only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Ordering Information4.1 Purchase orders for material under this specification
17、 should include:4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.2 Quantity in weight, number of pieces, and dimensions,4.1.3 Grain size limit for diameters greater than 7.75 in. (see 7.2 and Table 1),4.1.4 Surface texture, if required (see 10.3),4.1.5 Annealing condition, if different from 7.1,4.1.6 Pe
18、rmissible variations in diameter and length (see 9.1 and 9.2),4.1.7 Sampling and analytical methods, if required (see 11.3),4.1.8 Inspection requirements (see Section 15),4.1.9 Certification and report needs (see Section 17), and4.1.10 Additions to the specification and supplementary requirements, a
19、s required.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Materials covered by this specification shall be made from ingots which are produced by vacuum or vacuum, plasma-arcmelting,or electron beam furnace melting, or a combination of these methods. All melting is to be carried out in furnaces usuallyused for rea
20、ctive metals.5.2 The products covered by this specification are formed with conventional forging, swaging, rolling, extruding, and drawingequipment normally available in metal working plants.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The Nb-Ti alloy ingots, billets, and rods covered by this specification shall conf
21、orm to the chemical composition limitsshown in Table 2.6.2 The manufacturers ingot analysis shall be considered the chemical analysis for the products supplied to this specification,except for the interstitials carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. When specified in the purchase order, the analysi
22、s for theseinterstitials shall be measured on product.7. Physical Properties7.1 Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the material will be supplied in the annealed state.7.2 The grain size of finished billets or rods shall meet the limits in Table 1 (see 14.3).7.3 The product shall be fr
23、ee of cracks, laminations, inclusions, voids, and other ruptures with size larger than 3 % of the productdiameter or 0.096 in. (2.5 mm) equivalent diameter, whichever is smaller. This characteristic shall be measured by ultrasonictesting (see 14.5).8. Mechanical Properties8.1 Hardness testing will b
24、e performed on each lot of finished product and the average of three readings shall be less than 170DPH (see 14.2).9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions9.1 Permissible variations in diameters for finished product shall be as specified in Table 3, unless otherwise agreed to betweenmanufacturer and
25、purchaser.9.2 Permissible variations in length for finished product shall be as specified in the purchase order.10. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance10.1 Surface ConditionThe finished material shall be free of visually detectable cracks, seams, slivers, blisters, laps, gouges,and other injurious im
26、perfections.10.2 Liquid Penetrant Examination The surfaces of billet and bar shall be examined using liquid penetrant inspectionmethods (see 14.4). The following indications are unacceptable:10.2.1 Cracks,10.2.2 Linear indications,TABLE 1 Grain Size RequirementsRod, Bar, and BilletDiameter in. (mm)G
27、rain Size Number(weighted average)0.5 to 2 incl (13 to 50 incl) 4.5 or finer2 excl to 4.5 incl (50 excl to 115 incl) 2.5 or finer4 excl to 6 incl (115 excl to 150 incl) 1.5 or finer6 excl to 7.75 incl (150 excl to 200 incl) 1.0 or finerGreater than 7.75 (200) To be set in purchase orderB884 11210.2.
28、3 Rounded indications with dimensions exceeding 0.03 in. (0.8 mm), and10.2.4 For sidewall surfaces only, rounded indications that are separated by less than 0.03 in. (0.8 mm) edge to edge.10.3 Surface FinishSurface finish shall be as specified in the purchase order (see 14.6).10.4 Surface Preparatio
29、nThe finished surface shall be pickled and rinsed in water. Removal of liquid penetrant test materialsafter pickling shall be by rinsing or additional pickling.10.5 CleanlinessMaterials shall be clean to the extent that no contamination is visible to the unaided eye, corrected for 20/20vision, when
30、viewed under an illumination of at least 100 foot candles (1100 lux) on the surface being tested.11. Sampling11.1 IngotsSamples for ingot chemical analyses shall be taken on the ingot sidewall at least at three positions along the ingotincluding the middle and to within 5 in. (125 mm) of each end.11
31、.2 ProductSamples for chemical and mechanical testing shall be taken from the finished material after all metallurgicalprocessing to determine conformity to this specification. The samples may be taken prior to final inspection and minor surfaceconditioning by abrasion and pickling, and shall be rep
32、resentative of the finished product.11.3 Care shall be exercised to ensure that the sample selected for testing is representative of the material and that it is notcontaminated by the sampling procedure. If there is any questions relating to the sampling technique or the analysis thereof, themethods
33、 of sampling and analysis shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer.12. Number of Tests and Retests12.1 Initial TestsEach product sample shall be tested once for each product test requirement.12.2 Invalid TestsIf any sample or test is found to be contaminated or improperly d
34、one, the result may be invalidated and anew test done to replace the original.12.3 RetestsIf a test result does not meet the specification or is questionable, retests may be performed on twice the numberof samples originally tested. Both retest values must conform to the specification. All three val
35、ues will be reported on thecertification. The retest values shall be marked with an “R”.“R.” Alternatively, each piece in the lot may be tested and deviantpieces rejected or reworked.12.4 ReworkProduct not meeting this specification may be reworked to meet this specification.13. Significance of Nume
36、rical Limits13.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with the specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thisspecification, an observed value or a clalculated value shall be rounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding method ofPractice E29.14. Test Methods14.1Analyt
37、ical methods for chemical composition shall be in accordance with industry or manufacturers standards.14.1 Analytical methods for chemical composition shall be in accordance with industry or manufacturers standards. GuideE2626 may be used as a guide for chemical analysis techniques.TABLE 2 Chemical
38、RequirementsElementIngotMaximumLimit (ppm)Aluminum 100Carbon 200Chromium 100Copper 100Hydrogen 45Iron 200Nickel 100Nitrogen 150Oxygen 1000Silicon 100Tantalum 2500Titanium 46 to 48 %TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in DiametersDiameter in. (mm)Tolerance, plus orminus, in. (mm)0.51 to 1.0 (13.1 to 25) 0
39、.010 (0.25)1.1 to 4.0 (25.1 to 100) 0.015 (0.4)Over 4.0 (100) 0.020 (0.5)B884 11314.2 Hardness testing of product shall be according to Test Methods E92 or E384.14.3 Measure grain size according to Test Methods E112.14.4 Perform liquid penetrant examination in accordance with Test Method E165.14.5 P
40、erform ultrasonic testing in accordance with Annex A1 for material greater than 2.0 in. (50 mm) in diameter and PracticeE214 for material equal to or less than 2.0 in. (50 mm) in diameter.14.6 Measure the surface finish when required by purchase order, in accordance with ANSI B46-1.15. Inspection15.
41、1 In addition to the above specified inspections, the manufacturer shall inspect final product for dimensions andidentification. Other inspections shall be as agreed upon between purchaser and the manufacturer and included in the purchaseorder.15.2 If so specified on the purchase order, the purchase
42、r or his representative may witness the testing and inspection of thematerial at the place of manufacture. In such cases, the purchases shall state in the purchase order which tests are to be witness.The manufacturer shall give ample notice to the purchaser as to the time and place of the designated
43、 test. If the purchasersrepresentative is not present at the agreed upon time for the testing, and if no new date is agreed upon, the manufacturer shallconsider the requirement for purchasers inspection at the place of manufacture to be waived. When the inspector representing thepurchaser does appea
44、r at the appointed place and time, the manufacturer shall afford all reasonable facilities to see that the materialis being furnished in accordance with this specification. This inspection shall be conducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily withproduction operations.16. Rejection and Rehearing16
45、.1 Material that does not conform to this specification or the purchase order may be rejected. The manufacturer may elect torepair the material or request a waiver from the customer.16.2 In the event of a disagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser concerning material compliance with the
46、purchase order, a mutually acceptable referee may perform the tests in question. The referees results shall be used in determiningcompliance.17. Certification17.1When specified in the purchase order, the manufacturer will furnish a certificate of compliance. This certificate will certifythat tests r
47、equired by this specification or specified in the purchase order have been completed as specified and the results are incompliance with the specification and purchase order.17.1 The manufacturer shall furnish the purchaser with a certificate that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested andins
48、pected in accordance with this specification and has been found to meet the requirements. The certificate shall include a reportof the test results.18. Product Marking18.1 Each billet, rod, bundle, or box shall be marked or tagged legibly and conspicuously with the number of this specification,type,
49、 temper, lot number, manufacturers identification, nominal size, and the gross, net, and tar weights. If marking fluids are used,they shall be of such a nature as to be easily removed with cleaning solutions. The markings or their removal shall have nodeleterious effect upon the material or its performance. The characters shall be sufficiently stable to withstand ordinary handling.19. Packaging and Package Marking19.1 All material shall be packed in such a manner as to ensure safe delivery to its destination.19.2 The box identification shall include the fol
