1、Designation: B88M 16Standard Specification forSeamless Copper Water Tube (Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B88M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pare
2、ntheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers seamless copper water tubesuitable f
3、or general plumbing, similar applications for theconveyance of fluids, and commonly used with solder, flared,or compression-type fittings. The type of copper water tubesuitable for any particular application is determined by theinternal or external fluid pressure, by the installation andservice cond
4、itions, and by local requirements. Means of joiningor bending are also factors that affect the selection of the typeof tube to be used.2NOTE 1Annealed tube is suitable for use with flared or compressionfittings, and with solder-type fittings, provided rounding and sizing of thetube ends is performed
5、 where needed.NOTE 2Drawn temper tube is suitable for use with solder-type fittings.Types A and B tube, in the drawn temper, are suitable for use with certaintypes and sizes of compression fittings.1.2 The tube shall be produced from the following coppers,and the manufacturer has the option to suppl
6、y any one of them,unless otherwise specified:CopperUNS No.Previously UsedDesignationDescriptionC10200 OF Oxygen free withoutresidual deoxidantsC12000 DLP Phosphorus deoxidized,low residual phosphorusC12200 DHP Phosphorus deoxidized,high residual phosphorus1.3 The assembly of copper plumbing or fire
7、sprinklersystems by soldering is described in Practice B828.1.4 Solders for joining copper potable water or fire sprinklersystems are covered by Specification B32. The requirementsfor acceptable fluxes for these systems are covered by Speci-fication B813.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be r
8、egarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.NOTE 3This specification is the SI companion to Specification B88.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 15, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to addre
9、ss all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the is
10、sue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3B32 Specification for Solder MetalB88 Specification for Seamless Copper Water TubeB153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB577 Tes
11、t Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydro-gen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in CopperB601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper andCopper AlloysWrought and CastB813 Specification for Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Solder-ing of Copper and Copper Alloy TubeB828 Practice for Making Capi
12、llary Joints by Soldering ofCopper and Copper Alloy Tube and FittingsB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysB900 Practice for Packaging of Copper and Copper AlloyMill Products for U.S. Government AgenciesE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwel
13、l Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipeand Tube.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Publi
14、shed November 2016. Originallyapproved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B88M 13. DOI:10.1520/B0088M-16.2The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a s
15、uffix “00.” The suffix is permitted to be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards
16、Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination of Co
17、pper in UnalloyedCopper by GravimetryE62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopperAlloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)4E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examina-tion of Copper and Copper-Alloy TubesE255 Practice
18、 for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms related to copperand copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.3.2 Definitions of
19、Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 tube, copper water, na seamless copper tube con-forming to the particular metric dimensions commerciallyknown as Copper Water Tube and designated as Types A, B,and C.4. Ordering Information4.1 Include the following information for material orderedunder this spec
20、ification.4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (for example,B88M 03),4.1.2 Copper UNS No. (not necessary unless a specificcopper is desired),4.1.3 Nominal or standard size (Column 1 of Table 1) andwhether Type A, B, or C (Section 3),4.1.4 Temper (Section 7),4.1.5 Length (see 11.5),4.1.6 How furn
21、ished: straight or coils,4.1.7 Quantity (pieces) of each size and type,4.1.8 In addition, when material is purchased for agencies ofthe U.S. Government, it shall conform to the SupplementaryRequirements as defined herein when specified in the contractor purchase order.4.2 The following options are a
22、vailable and shall be speci-fied in the contract or purchase order when required:4.2.1 Tension test (Section 8),4.2.2 Grain size determination (Section 8),4.2.3 Expansion test (9.1), and4.2.4 Microscopical Examination for Hydrogen Embrittle-ment, Procedure B (9.3.2).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 T
23、he material shall be of such quality and purity that thefinished product shall have the properties and characteristicsprescribed in this specification, and shall be cold worked tosize.5.2 The tube shall be finished by such cold-working andannealing operations as are necessary to produce the required
24、temper and surface finish.5.3 Tube furnished in coils shall be annealed.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.TABLE 1 Dimensions, Mass, and Tolerances in Diameter and Wall Thickness for Metric Copper Water Tube Sizes(All tolerances are plus and minus exc
25、ept as otherwise indicated.)Nominal orStandardSize, mmOutsideDiameter,mmAverage OutsideDiameterATolerance, mmWall Thickness and Tolerances, mm Theoretical Mass, kg/mAnnealed DrawnType A Type B Type CType A Type B Type CWallThicknessToler-anceBWallThicknessToler-anceBWallThicknessToler-anceB6 6.0 0.0
26、5 0.03 0.80 0.08 0.70 0.07 0.60C0.117 0.104 0.0918 8.0 0.05 0.03 0.90 0.09 0.80 0.08 0.60C0.179 0.162 0.12510 10.0 0.05 0.03 0.90 0.09 0.80 0.08 0.60C0.230 0.207 0.15812 12.0 0.06 0.03 1.2 0.1 0.90 0.09 0.60 0.06 0.364 0.280 0.19215 15.0 0.06 0.03 1.2 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.70 0.07 0.465 0.393 0.28118 18.0 0
27、.06 0.03 1.2 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.70 0.07 0.566 0.477 0.34022 22.0 0.06 0.03 1.6 0.15 1.1 0.1 0.80 0.08 0.917 0.646 0.47628 28.0 0.07 0.04 1.6 0.15 1.2 0.1 0.90 0.09 1.19 0.903 0.68535 35.0 0.10 0.04 1.6 0.15 1.4 0.15 1.1 0.1 1.50 1.32 1.0542 42.0 0.10 0.05 1.8 0.2 1.5 0.15 1.2 0.1 2.03 1.71 1.3754 54.0 0.
28、10 0.05 2.1 0.2 1.7 0.15 1.5 0.15 3.06 2.50 2.2167 67.0 0.12 0.05 2.4 0.25 2.0 0.2 1.6 0.15 4.35 3.65 2.9479 79.0 0.12 0.05 2.8 0.3 2.3 0.25 1.8 0.2 5.99 4.95 3.90105 105.0 0.12 0.05 3.4 0.35 2.8 0.3 2.4 0.25 9.70 8.04 6.92130 130.0 0.12 0.05 4.0 0.4 3.1 0.3 2.7 0.25 14.2 11.0 9.65156 156.0 0.12 0.0
29、5 4.8 0.5 3.5 0.35 3.1 0.3 20.3 15.0 13.3206 206.0 0.15 + 0.050.106.8 0.7 5.0 0.5 4.3 0.45 38.0 28.2 24.4257 257.0 0.20 + 0.050.158.5 0.85 6.3 0.65 5.4 0.55 59.3 44.4 38.2308 308.0 0.20 + 0.050.1510.3 1.0 7.1 0.7 6.4 0.65 86.1 60.0 54.2AThe average outside diameter of a tube is the average of the ma
30、ximum and minimum outside diameter, as determined at any one cross section of the tube.BMaximum deviation at any one point.CIndicates that the material is not generally available or that no tolerance has been established.B88M 1625.4 Tube furnished in straight lengths shall normally be inthe drawn te
31、mper. Upon agreement between the manufactureror supplier and the purchaser, the manufacturer shall have theoption to supply annealed straight length tubing.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The material shall conform to the chemical compositionrequirements in Table 2 for the specific type of copper.6.2 The
32、se specification limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. When included in the contract or purchaseorder, and agreed upon by the manufacturer or supplier and thepurchaser, limits shall be established and analysis required forunnamed elements.7. Temper7.1 The copper water tube shall be f
33、urnished in the tempersdesignated below. Current designations as defined in Classifi-cation B601 are as follows:Annealed-ODrawn-H8. Mechanical Properties8.1 The tube shall conform to the mechanical propertyrequirements prescribed in Table 3. Tension tests and grain sizedeterminations need not be mad
34、e except when indicated by thepurchaser at the time of placing the order.Aconvenient methodof indicating that these tests are to be made is to state that “TestProcedure T is required” (see 4.2.1). Where agreement on theRockwell hardness tests cannot be reached, the tensile strengthand grain-size req
35、uirements of Table 3 shall be the basis foracceptance or rejection.9. Performance Requirements9.1 Expansion TestThe annealed (O) tube shall be capableof being expanded in accordance with Test Method B153 withan expansion of the outside diameter in the following amount:Nominal orStandard Size, mmExpa
36、nsion ofOutside Diameter, %15 and under 40Over 15 30The expanded tube shall show no cracking or rupture visibleto the unaided eye.9.2 Flattening TestAs an alternative to the expansion testfor tube standard sizes 105 mm and over in the annealedcondition, a section 100 mm in length shall be cut from t
37、he endof one of the lengths for a flattening test. This 100-mm testspecimen shall be flattened so that a gage set at three times thewall thickness will pass over the tube freely throughout theflattened part. The tube so tested shall develop no cracks orflaws visible to the unaided eye as a result of
38、 this test. Inmaking the flattening test the elements shall be slowly flattenedby one stroke of the press.9.3 Microscopical Examination for Susceptibility to Hydro-gen Embrittlement:9.3.1 Tubes furnished in Copper UNS No. C10200 andC12000 shall be essentially free of cuprous oxide as deter-mined by
39、Procedure A of Test Methods B577. When CopperUNS No. C12200 is supplied, examination is not required. Incase of a dispute, Procedure C of Test Methods B577 shall beused as the referee method.9.3.2 Tubes furnished in all coppers shall be capable ofpassing the embrittlement test specified in Procedure
40、 B of TestMethods B577. The actual performance of the test is notrequired unless specifically requested in the ordering docu-ment. In case of a dispute, Procedure C of Test Methods B577shall be used as the referee method.10. Nondestructive Testing10.1 Eddy-Current TestEach tube up to and including 7
41、9mm in outside diameter shall be subjected to an eddy-currenttest. Testing shall follow the procedure of Practice E243,except the determination of “end effect” is not required. Tubesshall be passed through an eddy current test unit adjusted toprovide information on the suitability of the tube for th
42、eintended application.10.1.1 The testing of tube of dimensions beyond the capa-bilities of the eddy-current test apparatus shall be subject tonegotiation between the producer and the purchaser.10.1.2 Notch-depth standards, rounded to the nearest 0.03mm, shall be 22 % of the wall thickness. The notch
43、-depthtolerance shall be 60.01 mm.Alternatively, at the option of themanufacturer using speed insensitive eddy-current units thatare equipped to select a fraction of the maximum unbalancesignal, the following percent maximum unbalance signals shallbe used:Nominal or Standard Tube Size, mmUnbalance S
44、ignalMagnitude, max %Up to and incl 12 0.215 to 54, incl 0.3Over 54 to 79, incl 0.410.1.3 Tubes that do not actuate the signalling device of theeddy-current testers shall be considered as conforming to therequirements of this test. Tubes with discontinuities indicatedby the testing unit shall, at th
45、e option of the manufacturer, bereexamined or retested to determine whether the discontinuityis cause for rejection. Signals that are found to have beencaused by minor mechanical damage, soil, or moisture shall notbe cause for rejection of the tubes provided the tube dimen-sions are still within the
46、 prescribed limits and the tube issuitable for its intended application.11. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations11.1 For the purpose of determining conformance with thedimensional requirements prescribed in this specification, anymeasured value outside the specified limiting values for anydi
47、mensions shall make the tube subject to rejection at theoption of the purchaser.TABLE 2 Chemical CompositionWeight %Element Copper UNS No.C10200AC12000 C12200Copper,Bmin 99.95 99.90 99.9Phosphorus . 0.0040.012 0.0150.040AOxygen shall be 10 ppm max.BCopper + silver.B88M 16311.2 Nominal or Standard Di
48、mensions, Wall Thickness, andDiameter TolerancesThe nominal or standard dimensions,wall thickness, and diameter tolerances shall be in accordancewith Table 1.11.3 MassFor purposes of calculating mass, crosssections, and so forth, the density of the copper shall be takenas 8.94 g/cm3. The theoretical
49、 mass per metre is shown in Table1.11.4 RoundnessFor drawn unannealed tube in straightlengths, the roundness tolerance shall be as prescribed in Table4. The deviation from roundness is measured as the differencebetween major and minor diameters as determined at any onecross section of the tube. No roundness tolerance has beenestablished for annealed tube in straight lengths or for tubesfurnished in coils.11.5 Lengths and Tolerances:11.5.1 Standard Lengths and TolerancesThe standardlengths and tolerances shall be as specified in Table 5.11.5.2 Tube supplied in
