1、Designation: B91 07 B91 12Standard Specification forMagnesium-Alloy Forgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B91; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthese
2、s indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification covers magnesium alloy forgings designated as sh
3、own in Table 1.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard. The SI values in parentheses are provided for information only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date of material purchase form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced h
4、erein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsB951 Practice for Codification of Unalloyed Magnesium and Magnesium-Alloys, Cast and WroughtB953 Practice for
5、Sampling Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys for Spectrochemical AnalysisB954 Test Method for Analysis of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys by Atomic Emission SpectrometryE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE35 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis
6、 of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys (Withdrawn 2008)3E55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition2.3 Federal Standards:No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)3No. 184 Identification Marking of Aluminum, Magnesium, and Titanium.2.4 Mili
7、tary Standards:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage32.5 Military Standards:Aerospace Materials Specification:4MIL-M-3171AMS-M-3171 Magnesium Alloy, Processes for Pretreatment and Prevention of Corrosion onMIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 forgin
8、ga metal part worked to a predetermined shape by one or more such processes as hammering, upsetting, pressing,or rolling.3.1.2 die forginga forging formed to the required shape and size by working in impression dies.3.1.3 hammer forginga forging produced by repeated blows in a forging hammer.3.1.4 h
9、and forginga forging worked between flat or simply shaped dies by repeated strokes or blows and manipulation of thepiece.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for forgings under this specification shall include the following information:4.1.1 Quantity of each forging,4.1.2 Alloy (Section 6 and Table 1),
10、4.1.3 Temper (Section 7 and Table 2),4.1.4 Drawing showing dimensions of all die forgings and for all hand forgings not simple disks, rounds, squares, or rectangles(the amount of stock left for machine finish should be indicated),4.1.5 Surface treatment (see 9.1),*A Summary of Changes section appear
11、s at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.6 Whether inspection is required at the manufacturers works (see 10.1),4.1.7 Special inspection requirements (see 10.2),4.1.8 Whether certification is re
12、quired (see 12.1), and4.1.9 Whether marking for identification is required (see 13.1).1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.04 on MagnesiumAlloy Cast and Wrought Products.Current edition ap
13、proved June 1, 2007Nov. 1, 2012. Published June 2007November 2012. Originally approved in 1932. Last previous edition approved in 20042007 asB91 97 (2004).B91 07. DOI: 10.1520/B0091-07.10.1520/B0091-12.2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Se
14、rvice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.
15、4 Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.TABLE 1 Chemical Composition LimitsA,BNOTE 1Analysis shall regularly be made only for the elements specifically mentioned in this table. If, however, the presence of other elements issuspected
16、 or indicated in amounts greater than the specified limits, further analysis shall be made to determine that these elements are not present in excessof the specified limits.NOTE 2The following applies to all specified limits in this table. For purposes of acceptance and rejection, an observed value
17、or a calculated valueobtained from analysis should be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specified limit.Composition, %ElementAlloy AZ31B(UNS No.M11311)Alloy AZ61A(UNS No.M11610)Alloy AZ80A(UNS No.M11800)Alloy ZK60A(UNS No.M16600)Magnesium rema
18、inder remainder remainder remainderAluminum 2.53.5 5.87.2 7.89.2 .Manganese 0.201.0 0.150.5 0.120.5 .Zinc 0.61.4 0.401.5 0.200.8 4.86.2Thorium . . . .Zirconium, min . . 0.45Silicon 0.10 0.10 0.10 .Copper 0.05 0.05 0.05 .Nickel 0.005 0.005 0.005 .Iron 0.005 0.005 0.005 .Calcium 0.04 . . .Other impuri
19、tiesC 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30A Limits are in weight percent maximum unless shown as a range or stated otherwise.B These alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B951.C Includes listed elements for which no specific limit is shown.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsNOTE 1For purposes of d
20、etermining conformance with thisspecification, each value for tensile strength and yield strength shall berounded to the nearest 0.1 ksi (0.7 MPa) and each value for elongationshall be rounded to the nearest 0.5 %, both in accordance with therounding method of Practice E29.Alloy andTemperTensileStre
21、ngth,min, ksi(MPa)YieldStrengthA (0.2% offset),min, ksi(MPa)Elongationin 2 in.(51 mm), or4 dia,min, %AZ31BF 34.0 (234) 19.0 (131) 6AZ61AF 38.0 (262) 22.0 (152) 6AZ80AF 42.0 (290) 26.0 (179) 5AZ80AT5 42.0 (290) 28.0 (193) 2ZK60AT5 die 42.0 (290) 26.0 (179) 7forgingsBZK60AT6 die 43.0 (296) 32.0 (221)
22、4forgingsBA See X1.1.6.B Applicable only to die forgings not more than 3 in. (76 mm) in thickness. Thetensile requirements for hand forgings will be lower and as agreed upon by thepurchaser and manufacturer.B91 1225. Quality Assurance5.1 The manufacturer shall be responsible for the performance of a
23、ll inspection and tests required by this specification, priorto shipment of the material.6. Chemical Composition6.1 LimitsThe material shall conform to the chemical composition limits prescribed in Table 1. The manufacturer shalldetermine conformance by analyzing samples taken when the ingots are po
24、ured, or by analyzing samples taken from the finishedor semi-finished product. If the manufacturer has determined the chemical composition during the course of manufacture, he shallnot be required to sample and analyze the finished product.6.2 Number of SamplesThe number of samples taken for determi
25、nation of chemical composition shall be as follows:6.2.1 When samples are taken at the time the ingots are poured, at least one sample shall be taken for each group of ingotspoured simultaneously from the same source of molten metal.6.2.2 When samples are taken from the finished or semi-finished pro
26、duct, a sample shall be taken to represent each 2000 lb (905kg), or fraction thereof, in the shipment, except that not more than one sample shall be required per piece.6.3 Methods of SamplingSamples for determination of chemical composition shall be taken in accordance with one of thefollowing metho
27、ds:6.3.1 Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken from the material by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping arepresentative piece or pieces to obtain a weight of prepared sample not less than 75 g. Sampling shall be in accordance withPractice E55.6.3.2 Samples for spectrochemical anal
28、ysis shall be in accordance with Practice B953, or other methods of analysis shall betaken by methods suitable for the form of material being analyzed and the type of analytical method used.6.4 Methods of Chemical AnalysisAny suitable method of chemical analysis may be used. In case of dispute, the
29、analysis shallbe made by methods given in Test MethodsMethod E35B954 or any other standard methods of analysis approved by ASTM unlesssome other method is agreed upon.7. Tensile Properties7.1 LimitsThe forgings shall conform to the tensile properties prescribed in Table 2.7.2 Number of SpecimensOne
30、tension test specimen shall be taken to represent each 1000 lb (455 kg) or fraction thereof ofeach part number in the shipment or inspection lot.7.2.1 When specified, a grain flow pattern and tensile-property survey shall be made on a forging representative of the firstproduction parts (see 7.3.1).
31、It shall be repeated after any major change in forging technique.7.3 Test SpecimensTension test specimens shall be taken from a forging or from a separately forged coupon made frommaterial representative of the forgings, in such a manner that the longitudinal axis of the specimen is parallel to the
32、direction ofmaximum flow of the metal in the forging. The specimens shall be machined to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 8 of TestMethods B557 or in the case of thin material may be machined to the form and dimensions shown for the 12 in. (12.7 mm) widesheet-type specimen in Fig. 6 of Test Met
33、hods B557.7.3.1 If required, a die forging representative of the first production parts shall be selected after forging techniques have beenestablished, and shall be tested as follows:7.3.1.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken parallel to the forging flow lines. The locations shall be as indicate
34、d on the forgingengineering drawing or, if not indicated, from generally representative areas.7.3.1.2 A sample forging shall be sectioned at the locations of the specimens, to show the grain flow.7.3.2 For hand forgings, the specimens shall be taken from a prolongation of the forgings or from a forg
35、ing chosen to representthe lot. Tests will regularly be made only in the longitudinal direction.7.4 Test MethodsThe tension tests shall be made in accordance with Test Methods B557.NOTE 1The values obtained for the tensile properties covered by this specification are not seriously affected by variat
36、ions in speed of testing. Aconsiderable range of testing speed is permissible; however, the rate of stressing to the yield strength should not exceed 100 ksi (690 MPa)/min, and abovethe yield strength the movement per minute of the head under load should not exceed 0.5 in./in. (mm/mm) of gage length
37、. Care must be exercised,especially when making yield strength determinations, that the speed of testing does not exceed the ability of the strain- and load-indicating equipmentto function satisfactorily.7.5 RetestsIf any test specimen fails to conform to the requirements of Table 2, two additional
38、representative specimens shallbe selected and tested. If either of these specimens fails to conform to the requirements, the lot may be rejected. If, however, itis suspected that specimen failure is due to inadequate thermal treatment, the material may be reheat-treated and resampled inaccordance wi
39、th 7.2. Only one such reheat treatment shall be permitted.8. General Quality8.1 All material shall be of uniform quality, free of injurious surface defects, and shall have a workmanlike finish.B91 1239. Finish9.1 Unless otherwise specified, the forgings shall be chrome pickled prior to shipment (see
40、 X1.1.7).10. Inspection10.1 If the purchaser desires that inspection be made at the manufacturers works where the material is made, it shall be so statedin the contract or purchase order.10.1.1 If the purchaser elects to have the inspection made at the manufacturers works, the manufacturer shall aff
41、ord theinspector representing the purchaser all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance withthis specification. All tests and inspection shall be so conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.10.2 Special inspection req
42、uirements such as inspection by ultrasonic reflection or by fluorescent penetrant, must be shown onthe order. Acceptance standards for special inspection requirements shall be as agreed upon between purchaser and manufacturer.11. Rejection11.1 Material failing to conform to the requirements of this
43、specification, or in which defects are found during subsequentmanufacturing operations, may be rejected. If rejected, the manufacturer shall be responsible only for replacement of the materialto the purchaser. All of the rejected original material shall be returned to the manufacturer.12. Certificat
44、ion12.1 The supplier shall, on request, furnish to the purchaser, a certificate stating that the material has been sampled, tested, andinspected in accordance with this specification, and has met the requirements.13. Product Marking13.1 The material shall be marked as specified in the purchase order
45、.13.2 Each package or container shall be marked with the purchase order number, drawing number, quantity, specificationnumber, alloy and temper, gross and net weights, and the name of the manufacturer.14. Packaging14.1 The material shall be packaged in such a manner as to prevent damage in ordinary
46、handling and transportation. The typeof packing and gross weight of individual containers shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer unless otherwise agreedupon. Packaging methods and containers shall be so selected as to permit maximum utility of mechanical equipment in unloadingand subseq
47、uent handling. Each package or container shall contain only one size, alloy, and temper of material when packaged forshipment unless otherwise agreed upon.14.2 Packages or containers shall be such as to ensure acceptance by common or other carriers for safe transportation at thelowest rate to the po
48、int of delivery.14.3 When specified in the contract or purchase order, material shall be preserved, packaged, and packed in accordance withthe requirements of Practices B660. The applicable levels shall be as specified in the contract or order. Marking for shipment ofsuch material shall be in accord
49、ance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD-129 for military agencies.14.4 When specified in the contract or purchase order, material shall be marked in accordance with Fed. Std. No. 184.15. Keywords15.1 forgings; magnesium alloyAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. EXPLANATORY NOTESX1.1 General InformationX1.1.1 Standard mechanical property limits for the respective size ranges are based on an analysis of data from fully workedproduction material and are established at a level at which at least 99 % of the population of
