1、Designation: B 956 072Standard Specification forWelded Copper and Copper-Alloy Condenser and HeatExchanger Tubes with Integral Fins1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 956; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEAdded table reference to 5.2.4.2NOTEParagraph 8.3 editorially updated.1. Scope1.1 This specification esta
3、blishes the requirements for heatexchanger tubes manufactured from forge-welded copper andcopper alloy tubing in straight lengths on which the external orinternal surface, or both, has been modified by cold formingprocess to produce an integral enhanced surface for improvedheat transfer.1.2 UnitsThe
4、 values stated in either inch-pounds units orSI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Withinthe text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values statedin each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the
5、 two systems could result in nonconformancewith the specification.1.3 The tubes are typically used in surface condensers,evaporators, and heat exchangers.1.4 The product shall be produced of the following coppersor copper alloys, as specified in the ordering information.Copper or Copper AlloyUNS No.
6、Type of MetalC12000ADLP Phosphorized, low residual phosphorusC12200ADHP Phosphorized, high residual phosphorusC19200 Phosphorized, 1 % ironC23000 Red BrassC44300 Admiralty, arsenicalC44400 Admiralty, antimonialC44500 Admiralty, phosphorizedC68700 Aluminum BrassC70400 95-5 Copper-NickelC70600 90-10 C
7、opper-NickelC70620 90-10 Copper-Nickel (Modified for Welding)C71000 80-20 Copper-NickelC71500 70-30 Copper-NickelC71520 70-30 Copper-Nickel (Modified for Welding)C72200 Copper-NickelACopper UNS Nos. C12000, and C12200 are classified in Classification B 224.NOTE 1Designations listed in Classification
8、 B 224.1.5 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety an
9、d health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B 153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB 154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for CopperAlloysB 224 Classification of
10、CoppersB 543 Specification for Welded Copper and Copper-AlloyHeat Exchanger TubeB 601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copperand Copper AlloysWrought and CastB 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysB 858 Test Method for Ammonia Vapor Test for Determin-ing Susceptibility to Stress Cor
11、rosion Cracking in CopperAlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unal-loyed Copper by GravimetryE54 Test Methods for Chemical Analys
12、is of SpecialBrasses and Bronzes3E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopper Alloys (Photometric Methods)E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility o
13、f Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipeand Tube.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published November 2007.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards D
14、ocument Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E118 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-
15、Chromium AlloysE 243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Copper and Copper-Alloy TubesE 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE 478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of CopperAlloysE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals a
16、nd Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 For the definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B 846.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 enhanced tubetube having a series of metallic ribson the outside or inside surface, or
17、both, either parallel to thelongitudinal axis or circumferentially extended from the tube toincrease the effective surface for heat transfer (Figs. 1-3).3.2.2 unenhanced tubetube made by processing strip intoa tubular shape and forge welding the edges to make alongitudinal seam with no enhancements
18、on the O.D. or I.D.4. Types of Welded Tube4.1 Reference Specification B 543 for the types of forgewelded tube products that will be supplied for the enhancingoperation (Section 6).5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when placing ordersfor product under this specification as
19、applicable:5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Copper UNS No. designation (for example, CopperUNS No. C12000),5.1.3 Tube type (Section 4),5.1.4 Temper (Section 8),5.1.5 Dimensions, the diameter, wall thickness, whetherminimum or nominal wall, and length (Section 14),5.1.6 Configuration of
20、 enhanced surfaces shall be agreeupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser (Figs. 1-3),and5.1.7 Quantity.5.2 The following options are available and shall be speci-fied at the time placing the order, when required:5.2.1 When heat identification or traceability is required,5.2.2 Whether a press
21、ure test is to be used instead of theeddy-current test (13.1),5.2.2.1 Whether a pressure test is be used along with theeddy-current test (13.3 and 13.4),5.2.3 Whether cut ends of the tube are to be deburred,chamfered, or otherwise treated (Section 15),5.2.4 If the product is to be subsequently welde
22、d (see Table1, Footnote E),5.2.5 Certification, if required (Section 23), and5.2.6 Mill test report, if required (Section 24).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material:6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be welded tube ofone of the Copper Alloy UNS Nos. listed in 1.1 of such purityand soundness a
23、s to be suitable for processing into the productsprescribed herein.6.1.2 In the event heat identification or traceability isrequired, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be manufacture by cold forming theenhancement of the heat transfer surfaces.6.
24、3 Product described by this specification shall typically befurnished with unenhanced ends, but may be furnished withenhanced ends or stripped ends from which the O.D. enhance-ment has been removed by machining.6.3.1 The enhanced sections of the tube in the as-fabricatedtemper are in the cold formed
25、 condition produced by theenhancing operation.NOTEThe outside diameter over the enhanced section will not normally exceed the outside diameter of the unenhanced section.FIG. 1 Outside Diameter Enhanced Tube NomenclatureB95607226.3.2 The unenhanced sections of the tube shall be in theannealed or as-w
26、elded temper, and shall be suitable forrolling-in operations.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical composi-tional requirements in Table 1 for Copper UNS No. designationspecified in the ordering information.7.2 The composition limits do not preclude the presence ofothe
27、r elements. By agreement between the manufacturer andpurchaser, limits may be established and analysis required forunnamed elements.FIG. 2 Outside Diameter and Inside Diameter Enhanced Tube NomenclatureFIG. 3 Inside Diameter Enhanced Tube NomenclatureTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopper orCopperAlloy
28、UNS No.Composition, %Copper Tin AluminumNickel,inclCobaltLead,maxIron Zinc Manganese Arsenic Antimony Phosphorus ChromiumOtherNamedElementsC12000 99.90 minA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0040.012 . . . . . .C12200 99.9 minA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01
29、50.040 . . .C19200 98.5 minB. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.81.2 0.20 max . . . . . . . . . 0.010.04 . . . . . .C23000 84.086.0B. . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.05 max remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C44300 70.073.0C0.91.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . 0.020.06 . . . . . . . . . . . .C444
30、00 70.073.0C0.91.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . . . . 0.020.10 . . . . . . . . .C44500 70.073.0C0.91.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . . . . . . . 0.020.10 . . . . . .C68700 76.079.0A,D. . . 1.82.5 . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . 0.020.06 . . . . . . . . . . . .C70400 rema
31、inderA,D. . . . . . 4.86.2 0.05 1.31.7 1.0 max 0.300.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C70600 remainderA,D. . . . . . 9.011.0 0.05 1.01.8 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C70620 86.5 minA,D. . . . . . 9.011.0 0.02 1.01.8 0.50 max 1.0 max . . . . . . 0.02 max . . . 0.05 C max0.02 S maxC71000
32、 remainderA,D,E. . . . . . 19.023.0 0.05 1.0 max 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . .C71500 remainderA,D. . . . . . 29.033.0 0.05 0.401.0 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C71520 65.0 minA,D. . . . . . 29.033.0 0.02 0.401.0 0.50 max 1.0 max . . . . . . 0.02 max . . . 0.05 C max0.02 S m
33、axC72200 remainderA,B,E. . . . . . 15.018.0 0.05 0.501.0 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . 0.300.7 0.03 Si max0.03 Ti maxACopper (including silver).BCu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.8 % min.CCu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.6 % min.DCu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.5 % min.EWhen the product is for subsequ
34、ent welding applications, and so specified in the contract or purchase order, zinc shall be 0.50 % max, lead 0.02 % max, phosphorus0.02 % max, sulfur 0.02 % max, and carbon 0.05 % max.B95607237.2.1 Copper Alloy C19200Copper may be taken as thedifference between the sum of results for all specified e
35、lementsand 100 %. When all elements specified, including copper, aredetermined, their sum shall be 99.8 % minimum.7.2.2 For alloys in which copper is specified as the remain-der, copper may be taken as the difference between the sum ofthe results for all specified elements and 100 % for theparticula
36、r alloy.7.2.2.1 When analyzed, copper plus the sum of results forspecified elements shall conform with the requirements shownin the following table:Copper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus Named Elements,%minC70400 99.5C70600 99.5C70620 99.5C71000 99.5C71500 99.5C71520 99.5C72200 99.87.2.3 For alloys in whic
37、h zinc is specified as the remainder,either copper or zinc may be taken as the difference betweenthe sum of the results of specified elements analyzed and100 %.7.2.3.1 When all specified elements are determined, the sumof results plus copper shall be as follows:Copper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus Named
38、Elements,%minC23000 99.8C44300, C44400, C44500 99.6C68700 99.58. Temper8.1 Tempers, as defined in Classification B 601 and thisspecification, are as follows:8.1.1 The tube, after enhancing, shall be supplied, as speci-fied, in the annealed (061) or as-fabricated temper.8.1.1.1 The enhanced sections
39、of tubes in the as-fabricatedtemper are in the cold formed condition produced by thefabricating operation.8.1.1.2 The unenhanced sections of tubes in the as-fabricated temper are in the temper of the tube prior toenhancing, welded and annealed (WO61), welded and lightcold-worked (WC55) and suitable
40、for rolling-in operations.8.2 Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C44300,C44400, C44500, and C68700 shall be furnished in theannealed temper or the stress relieved condition as specified inthe purchase order unless otherwise agreed upon between thepurchaser and the manufacturer.8.3 Tubes of Coppe
41、r Alloy UNS Nos. C12200, C19200,C70400, C70600, C71000, C71500, and C72200 are normallysupplied in the temper specified in the purchase order withoutstress relief treatment.NOTE 2Some tubes, when subjected to aggressive environments, maybe subject to stress-corrosion cracking because of the residual
42、 tensilestresses developed in the enhancing process. For such applications, it issuggested that tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C44300,C44400, C44500, and C68700 are subjected to a stress relieving thermaltreatment subsequent to the enhancement process. In Specification B 359the stress relief
43、 anneal is mandatory for brass alloys.9. Grain Size for Annealed Tempers9.1 Samples of annealed temper tubes shall be examined ata magnification of 75 diameters. The grain size shall bedetermined in the wall beneath the internal enhancement.While there is not grain size range, the microstructure sha
44、llshow complete recrystallization and the weld zone shall have astructure typical of hot-forged welds.10. Mechanical Property Requirements10.1 Tensile Strength and Yield Strength Requirements:10.1.1 Product furnished under this specification shall con-form to the tensile and yield strength requireme
45、nts prescribedin Table 2 when tested in accordance with Test Method E8.10.1.2 Acceptance or rejection based upon mechanicalproperties shall depend only on tensile strength and yieldstrength.11. Performance Requirements11.1 Expansion Test Requirements:11.1.1 Product in the annealed tempers and the li
46、ght cold-worked temper shall withstand expansion in accordance withTest Method B 153 and to the extent in Table 3.11.1.2 The expanded tube area shall be free of defects, butblemishes of nature that do not interfere with the intendedapplication are acceptable.11.2 Flattening Test:11.2.1 When specifie
47、d in the contract or purchase order, theflattening test described in the test method section in 19.2.7shall be performed.11.2.2 During inspection, the flattened areas and edges ofthe test specimen shall be free of defects, but blemishes of anature that do not interfere with the intended application
48、areacceptable.11.3 Reverse Bend Test:11.3.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, thereverse bend test described in the test method section in 19.2.8shall be performed on unenhanced tubes.11.3.2 The sample shall be free of defects, but blemishes ofnature that do not interfere with the in
49、tended application areacceptable.12. Other Requirements12.1 Mercurous Nitrate Test or Ammonia Vapor Test:12.1.1 The mercurous nitrate or ammonia vapor test isrequired only for Copper Alloys UNS Nos. C23000; C44300;C44400; C44500; C60800; and C68700; when purchased if notsupplied in an annealed temper (WarningMercury is adefinite health hazard and therefore equipment for the detectionand removal of mercury vapor produced in volitization isrecommended. The use of rubber gloves in testing is advis-able.)12.1.2 The test specimens, cut 6 in.
