1、Designation: B968/B968M 10B968/B968M 16Standard Test Method forFlattening of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tube1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B968/B968M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This test method establishes the requirements for the flattening test for copper and copper alloy pipe
3、and tube of all sizes.The method addresses both inch-pound and metric considerations, and both seamless and welded product.1.2 UnitsValues The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, SIunits are shown in brackets. The values stated in eac
4、h system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It i
5、s the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB
6、846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The prepared test sample is flattened in a press to a specified maximum thickness, and then inspected for defects of a si
7、zeand nature that would interfere with the intended application of the product specification.5. Significance and Use5.1 When properly performed and interpreted, the flattening test will provide information about the relative ductility of a tubeand presence of surface defects. For welded tube product
8、s, the test will provide information on the integrity of the weld seam.5.2 In certain product specifications which establish requirements for tubes of sizes greater than 4 in. 100 mm, the test maybe allowed as a substitute to the expansion pin test in Test Method B153.6. Apparatus6.1 Testing Machine
9、 (Press)Any type of testing machine; either hydraulically or mechanically operated, that will exertpressure sufficient to flatten the pipe or tube to the required degree.6.2 Micrometer CaliperAny measuring device that has the capability to measure a flattened sample approximately three (3)times the
10、product wall thickness.7. Sampling and Test Specimen Preparation7.1 For seamless product up to and including 4 in. 100 mm outside diameter:1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.06 on Methods
11、of Test.Current edition approved April 1, 2010April 1, 2016. Published May 2010April 2016. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 asB968/B968M 09.B968/B968M 10. DOI: 10.1520/B0968_B0968M-10.10.1520/B0968_B0968M-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website
12、, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication o
13、f what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considere
14、d the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States17.1.1 A test specimen shall be cut to a length that will allow the tube to be flattened at three
15、(3) places along the length, witheach flattened area to be at least 2 in. 50 mm in length. When the temper is other than annealed, the sample may be annealedprior to testing.7.2 For welded product up to and including 4 in. 100 mm in outside diameter:7.2.1 A test specimen shall be cut to a length tha
16、t will allow the tube to be flattened along the length, so a total of at least 12in. 12 in. 305 mm is flattened. When the temper is other than annealed, the sample is allowed to be annealed prior to testing.7.3 For seamless product over 4 in. 100 mm in outside diameter:7.3.1 A test specimen shall be
17、 cut to a length that will allow the tube to be flattened once, with the flattened area to be at least4 in. 100 mm in length. When the temper is other than annealed, the sample is allowed to be annealed prior to testing.7.3.2 Both ends of the test specimen may be prepared by filing or cutting to pro
18、vide smooth end surfaces, free from scratchesor burrs which might interfere with the test.8. Procedure8.1 For seamless product up to and including 4 in. 100 mm outside diameter:8.1.1 Each test specimen shall be flattened in a press at three (3) places along the length, each new place to be rotated o
19、n itsaxis approximately one-third turn from the last flattened area. Each flattened area shall be at least 2 in. 50 mm in length. Aflattened test specimen shall allow a micrometer caliper set at three (3) times the wall thickness to pass freely over the flattenedarea. The flattened areas of the test
20、 specimen shall be inspected for surface defects.8.2 For welded product up to and including 4 in. 100 mm in outside diameter:8.2.1 Each test specimen shall be flattened in a press so a total of at least 12 in. 305 mm is flattened along the length. Theweld shall be placed in the position of maximum b
21、end on all of the flattened areas. Each flattened area shall be at least 2 in. 2 in.50 mm in length. Transition areas are allowed in-between flattening areas. A flattened test specimen shall allow a micrometercaliper set at three (3) times the wall thickness to pass freely over the flattened area. T
22、he flattened areas of the test specimen shallbe inspected for surface defects.8.2.2 For welded and fully finished product, where the weld zone is no longer distinguishable due to subsequent processing, itis permissible to conduct the flattening test according to 8.1.1.8.3 For seamless product over 4
23、 in. 100 mm in outside diameter:8.3.1 Each test specimen shall be flattened once in a press. The flattened area shall be at least 4 in. 100 mm in length. Anacceptably flattened tube specimen shall allow a micrometer caliper set at three (3) times the wall thickness to pass freely over theflattened a
24、rea. The flattened areas of the test specimen shall be inspected for surface defects.8.4 In case there is an indication that the specimen was not properly prepared or tested, a new specimen from the same sampleshall be selected and tested.8.5 During inspection, the flattened areas of the test specim
25、en shall be free of defects, but blemishes of a nature that do notinterfere with the intended application are acceptable.9. Report9.1 When testing is completed by an independent third-party laboratory, the test report shall include the following information.In-house captive laboratories shall only r
26、eport 9.1.1, 9.1.2, and 9.1.5:9.1.1 The date of the test,9.1.2 Sample identification,9.1.3 Reference to the test method,9.1.4 The number of replicate test pieces used,9.1.5 The test results: Pass or Fail (relative to presence of defects) as required above and by the appropriate productspecification,
27、 and9.1.6 Any other features of the material noted during the inspection.10. Precision and Bias10.1 No statement is made about either the precision or bias of this test method since the result merely indicates whether thereis conformance to the acceptance criteria specified in the procedure and the
28、product specification.11. Keywords11.1 Copper;copper; Copper Alloy;copper alloy; Flattening Test;flattening test; Pipe;pipe; Tubetube; welded pipe; welded tubeB968/B968M 162APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. RATIONALE (COMMENTARY)X1.1 Subcommittee B05.04 over a period of years standardized by bal
29、lot wording to cover the flattening test, which is in numerouspipe and tube specifications. Subcommittee B05.06 began this task group to extend that wording to a test method.X1.2 As a separate test method it will standardize the test and avoid the need to include numerous paragraphs in the various p
30、ipeand tube specifications. It is similar to and related to Test Method B153.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B05 has identified the principal changes to this standard test method that have been incorporatedsince the 2010 issue as follows:(1) Several editorial changes have been made according to Guide B9
31、50.(2) The keywords “welded pipe” and “welded tube” were added to Keywords Section 11.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of t
32、he validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.You
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35、iple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 163
