1、Designation: B987/B987M 17Standard Specification forCarbon Fiber Thermoset Polymer Matrix Composite Core(CFC) for use in Overhead Electrical Conductors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B987/B987M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adopt
2、ion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers carbon fiber reinforced ther-moset matrix compo
3、site core strength members for use inreinforcing or supporting overhead electrical conductors.1.2 This specification covers carbon fiber core diametersfrom 0.180 to 0.500 in. 4.57 to 12.7 mm, inclusive.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as stand
4、ard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, asso
5、ciated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchas
6、e form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein.2.2 ASTM Standards:2D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD3916 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PultrudedGlass-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic RodD5117 Test Method for Dye Pe
7、netration of Solid FiberglassReinforced Pultruded StockD5423 Specification for Forced-Convection Laboratory Ov-ens for Evaluation of Electrical InsulationD7028 Test Method for Glass Transition Temperature (DMATg) of Polymer Matrix Composites by Dynamic Mechani-cal Analysis (DMA)E29 Practice for Usin
8、g Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 CFC (carbon fiber composite core/thermoset matrix),nconsisting of continuous carbon fiber tows held together bya polymer matrix where the polymer is spe
9、cifically a thermo-setting polymer. The carbon fiber composite core is protectedwith a galvanic protection barrier layer.3.1.2 core, nsee CFC.3.1.3 design validation tests, nthe purpose of these tests isto verify the suitability of the CFC design, materials, andmethod of manufacturing to meet the re
10、quirements in thisspecification. To ensure compliance with this specification,these tests shall be performed on composite core samples at thetime of manufacture and be repeated whenever the design,manufacturing method or the materials have changed. Theresults of design validation tests are to be rec
11、orded and areconsidered valid for the whole class of CFC.3.1.4 DMA (dynamic mechanical analyzer), na devicethat measures the Tgof a polymer matrix or composite bysubjecting the sample to an oscillating stress while heating thespecimen at a given heating rate.3.1.5 galvanic protection barrier layer,
12、na layer thatprevents the carbon fiber of the composite core from makingcontact with the aluminum strands used in the conductor.3.1.6 glass transition temperature (Tg), na temperaturewhere the polymer matrix properties transition from a hard,glassy state to a rubbery state. This temperature is defin
13、ed to bethe temperature at which a curve defined by plotting lossmodulus versus temperature reaches its peak value.3.1.7 loss modulus, nrepresents the viscous portion of thepolymer matrix response to the simultaneous application ofheat and stress; is proportional to the energy dissipated as heatby t
14、he composite sample in the DMA and reaches a maximumvalue when the polymer matrix in the composite transitionsfrom the glassy to the rubbery state (Tg).1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.07
15、onConductors of Light Metals.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017. Published March 2017. Originallyapproved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as B987/B987M 14.DOI: 10.1520/B0987/B0987M-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Ser
16、vice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in
17、accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.8 lot, nunless otherwis
18、e specified in the contract ororder, a lot shall consist of all coils of CFC of the samediameter, produced from one continuous run of a fiber setup,submitted for inspection at the same time.3.1.9 matrix volume fraction, nthe amount of matrix resinrelative to fiber in a composite core. The matrix vol
19、umefraction is calculated by subtracting the area of the glass andcarbon fibers from the total area of the part and then dividingby the total area of the part.3.1.10 polymer matrix, na high molecular weight organicmaterial consisting of repeating chemical structures.3.1.11 production unit, na reel,
20、spool, or other package ofCFC that represents a single usable length.3.1.12 routine tests, ntests that are performed by themanufacturer, and are intended to prove conformance to thespecific requirements.3.1.13 sample, na length of composite core removed fromthe start or end of a CFC lot, and conside
21、red to have propertiesrepresentative of the lot.3.1.14 specimen, na length of composite core taken froma lot of CFC for testing purposes.3.1.15 tow, na bundle, containing multiple fibers. Towsizes range from 1 K (1000 fibers per bundle) to 50 K (50 000fibers per bundle).3.1.16 rated Tgthe minimum Tg
22、value guaranteed by thesupplier of the CFC.3.2 Product CodeDefines the strength grade for productproduced to this specification: Standard Strength (Code CFC1);High Strength (Code CFC2); and Extra High Strength (CodeCFC3).4. Classification4.1 CFC is furnished in grades, either, standard designatedCFC
23、1, high strength designated CFC2, or extra high strengthdesignated as CFC3 as specified, in conformance with therequirements of Sections 919, and meets the minimumrequirements shown in Table 2. (see Explanatory Note 1).5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall inc
24、ludethe following information:5.1.1 Quantity and lengths of each size,5.1.2 CFC diameter in inches or millimeters (Section 12),5.1.3 Grade (either standard strength, high strength, or extrahigh strength),5.1.4 Certification (Section 23),5.1.5 Test report, if required (Section 23),5.1.6 Package type
25、(Section 24), and5.1.7 Order example: Five (5) lengths of 24 000 ft 7300 meach, 0.375 in. 9.53 mm CFC, high strength grade, packagedonto wood nonreturnable reels, with certified test report.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The CFC shall consist of carbon fibers of suitable typethat are combined with
26、a suitable heat resistant thermosetpolymer matrix, and encased in a galvanic protection barrierlayer.6.1.1 The galvanic protection barrier shall meet the require-ments set forth in this specification including thickness, mini-mum bending diameter, and dye penetrant after bending.6.2 The CFC shall me
27、et the requirements set forth in thisspecification, including tensile strength, glass transition tem-perature (Tg) and minimum bending diameter.7. Classes of CFC7.1 The classes of CFC products shall be designated by theindividual manufacturer and are designs that meet the specifiedstrength grade, an
28、d are further defined as having cores with thefollowing properties:7.1.1 Meet the specified grade of strength.7.1.2 The area ratio of carbon fiber plus matrix resin togalvanic protection layer is held within 610 %.7.1.3 The nominal matrix volume fraction is held within63 % in a given strength grade
29、of CFC.7.1.4 Use the same thermoset polymer matrix resin (includ-ing any fillers that are added to the polymer matrix) and samegalvanic protection system (including any fillers).7.1.5 Have a core diameter within 615 % of the baselinediameter used for design validation tests (see Explanatory Note2).8
30、. Test Classifications and Number of Tests and Retests8.1 Test requirements are classified as either design valida-tion tests or routine tests as indicated in Table 1.8.2 Design Validation Tests:8.2.1 The manufacturer shall provide to the purchaser testreports that support the CFC meets the requirem
31、ents in thesesections.8.3 Routine Tests:8.3.1 The manufacturer shall test each production lot usingsamples of core of sufficient length to run all testing andpotential retests. The samples shall be taken from the start andend of the lot. Specimens from each sample shall be subjectedto the required t
32、esting.8.3.2 Upon request from purchaser, the manufacturer shallprovide test reports that support the CFC meets the require-ments in these sections.8.4 Retesting:TABLE 1 Design Validation and Routine Test ClassificationsTestDesignValidation TestRoutine TestTensile Test X XGlass Transition Temperatur
33、e X XDensity X XDimensions X XHeat Exposure XHeat/Stress Test XBending Test XDye Penetrant after Bending Test XTensile Test after Bending Test XGalvanic Protection Barrier LayerThickness TestXXB987/B987M 1728.4.1 Should one or more of the test specimens from thesample fail any of the tests specified
34、, the nonconforming lotmay be subjected to retesting (see Explanatory Note 3).8.4.2 For retest purposes, three (3) additional specimensmay be cut from the original samples from the nonconforminglot and tested for the property in which the original specimenfrom the lot failed to comply. Retests shall
35、 be performed usingthe area (start or end) of the lot that failed.8.4.3 Should any of the retest specimens fail to meet theproperty specified, the lot represented by the test specimenshall be rejected.9. Tensile Test9.1 The CFC shall conform to the tensile strength require-ments prescribed in Table
36、2.9.2 Tensile tests on the finished CFC shall be conducted inaccordance with the test methods and definitions section ofTest Method D3916 (see Explanatory Note 4).9.3 Calculation of tensile properties shall be based on thetotal cross sectional area of the core including the galvanicprotection layer.
37、10. Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) Test10.1 The glass transition temperature (Tg) shall be deter-mined in accordance with Test Method D7028.10.2 The CFC DMA specimen shall be machined into arectangular shape that meets the requirements described in TestMethod D7028.10.3 Prior to measurement in th
38、e DMA, the specimens shallbe preconditioned in accordance with Test Method D7028 todetermine the dry Tgof the CFC. If the test specimen is within2 weeks of the date of manufacture, the preconditioning maybe reduced to 24 h at 221F 105C. The specimen should bekept in a desiccator after preconditionin
39、g until testing, inaccordance with Test Method D7028.10.4 The peak in the loss modulus shall be used to deter-mine the Tg(see Explanatory Note 5). The Tgvalue shall meetthe requirements in Table 2.11. Density11.1 For the purpose of calculating mass per unit length,cross-sections and so forth, the ac
40、tual density of the CFC shallbe used in the determination. Density may be calculated frommass divided by volume or determined in accordance with TestMethod D792.12. Dimensions and Permissible Variations12.1 The specified diameter of the CFC shall be expressedin decimal fractions of an inch to three
41、decimal places, or inmillimeters to two decimal places.12.2 The diameter shall be the average of the largest andsmallest measured diameters at the same cross section, roundedto the nearest 0.001 in. 0.01 mm in accordance with therounding method of Practice E29. Measurements shall beevenly spaced aro
42、und the circumference of the cross sectionand a minimum of three measurements shall be taken.12.3 The average diameter shall not differ by more than60.002 in. 0.05 mm from the nominal diameter of the CFC.13. Bending Test (See Explanatory Note 6)13.1 Perform one test each on the start and end of the
43、lot.Test specimens shall not fracture, including the galvanicprotection barrier, when the CFC is wrapped 180 degreesaround a cylindrical mandrel, and the force on the compositeTABLE 2 Physical PropertiesA(see Explanatory Note 1)PropertyStandard StrengthGradeHigh StrengthGradeExtra High StrengthGrade
44、Ultimate TensileStrength, min250 ksi (1724 MPa) 310 ksi (2137 MPa) 375 ksi (2586 MPa)Thermoset PolymerMatrix Tg,min355F 180C to 482F 250C 355F 180C to 482F 250C 355F 180C to 482F 250CGalvanic LayerThickness, min0.020 in.0.50 mm0.020 in.0.50 mm0.020 in.0.50 mmHeat ExposureCapacity, min95 % retention
45、of rated tensilestrength after 52 weeks ofheat exposure95 % retention of rated tensilestrength after 52 weeks ofheat exposure95 % retention of rated tensilestrength after 52 weeks ofheat exposureBending Diameter, min 100 times diameter of CFC 50 times diameter of CFC 60 times diameter of CFCTensile
46、ModulusB16.2 Msi(111.7 GPa)16.2 Msi(111.7 GPa)21.2 Msi(146 GPa)Thermal Expansion CoefficientAmanufacturers nominal value 5 % manufacturers nominal value 5 % manufacturers nominal value 5 %Density at 20CAmanufacturers nominal value 5 % manufacturers nominal value 5 % manufacturers nominal value 5 %Ma
47、ximum continuousoperating temperatureheat exposure capability temperaturetemperature minus 35F 20Cheat exposure capability temperaturetemperature minus 35F 20Cheat exposure capability temperaturetemperature minus 35F 20CAProperties listed are before stranding values.BFor informational purposes only;
48、 see manufacturer for specific values.B987/B987M 173core is brought to 7.5 % of the composite cores rated tensilestrength and held for 60 s.13.1.1 The diameter of the cylindrical mandrel shall beequal to the minimum bending diameter in Table 2.13.1.2 The section of the composite core that is in dire
49、ctcontact with the mandrel shall be marked so that after thebending test, this section can be easily identified to performpost testing analysis.13.2 After completion of the bending test, the specimenshall be checked visually for fracturing, such as peeling of thefibers from the surface of the composite or a compressive typeof failure. These types of fractures constitute failure.13.3 If the specimens exhibit no visible fractures as de-scribed in 13.2, then the test specimens shall be subjected t
