1、Designation: C1038/C1038M 14aStandard Test Method forExpansion of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars Stored inWater1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1038/C1038M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expan-sion of mortar bars made using hydraulic cement, of which
3、sulfate is an integral part.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may re
4、sult in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory
5、 limitations prior to use. (Warning Freshhydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may causechemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cu
6、beSpecimens)C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination ofLength Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, andConcreteC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,Moist Rooms, and Water
7、 Storage Tanks Used in theTesting of Hydraulic Cements and ConcretesC778 Specification for SandC1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices forDetermining Mass and Volume for Use in the PhysicalTesting of Hydraulic CementsC1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement MortarD1193 Specificati
8、on for Reagent Water3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is used to determine the amount ofexpansion of a mortar bar when it is stored in water. Theamount of mortar-bar expansion may relate to the amount ofsulfate in the cement; expansion may become excessive whenthe cement contains too much
9、sulfate.3.2 Some cement specifications limit the amount of sulfatecontained in hydraulic cement by requiring that the amount ofexpansion in water not exceed a specified value.4. Apparatus4.1 Reference Masses and Mass-Determining Devices, con-forming to the requirements of Specification C1005. Evalua
10、tethe device for precision and bias at a total load of 2 Kg.4.2 Glass Graduates, Molds, and Length Comparator, con-forming to the requirements of Specification C490.4.3 Moist Cabinet or Room, conforming to the requirementsof Specification C511.4.4 Mixer, Bowl, and Paddle, conforming to the require-m
11、ents of Practice C305.4.5 Trowel and Tamper, conforming to the requirements ofTest Method C109/C109M.5. Temperature and Relative Humidity5.1 Molding Room, Dry Materials, and Mixing WaterMaintain the temperature of the molding room, dry materials,and mixing water at 23.0 6 4.0 C 73.5 6 7.0 F, andmain
12、tain the relative humidity of the molding room at not lessthan 50 %.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Mixing WaterPotable water is satisfactory for routinetests. For all cooperative tests and in case of dispute, usereagent water conforming to the numerical limits of Type III ofSpecification D1193.1This t
13、est method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cementand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.28 on Sulfate Content.Current edition approved June 15, 2014. Published July 2014. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C103814. DOI:10.1520/C1038
14、_C1038M-14a.2Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of Standards, Vol.04.01.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document
15、 Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.2 Graded SandSand for making the test specimens shallconform to the requirements for g
16、raded standard sand inSpecification C778.7. Procedure7.1 Number and Dimensions of Test SpecimensMake four25 by 25 by 285-mm 1 by 1 by 1114-in. test specimens foreach cement. The effective gage length of these specimens is250 mm 10 in.NOTE 1In routine tests, 25 by 25 by 160-mm 1 by 1 by 614-in.specim
17、ens may be used; however, in case of dispute, results obtained with25 by 25 by 285-mm 1 by 1 by 1114-in. specimens shall govern. Theeffective gage length of this specimen is 125 mm 5 in.7.2 Specimen MoldsPrepare the specimen molds in accor-dance with the requirements of Specification C490, exceptcov
18、er the interior surfaces of the mold with a release agent. Arelease agent will be acceptable if it serves as a parting agentwithout affecting the setting of the cement and without leavingany residue which will reduce the penetration of water into thespecimen.NOTE 2TFE-fluorocarbon tape complies with
19、 the requirements for amold release agent.7.3 Proportioning, Consistency, and Mixing of Mortar:7.3.1 The quantity of dry materials required to prepare four25 by 25 by 285-mm 1 by 1 by 1114-in. specimens is 500 gof cement and 1375 g of graded sand. Use a water-cement ratioof 0.485 for all portland ce
20、ments and 0.460 for all air-entraining portland cements. The amount of mixing water forother than portland and air-entraining portland cements shall besuch as to produce a flow of 110 6 5 as determined by the flowtable after 25 drops in 15 s as described in Test Method C1437.Record the amount of wat
21、er used to the nearest millilitre.7.3.2 Mix the mortar in accordance with the proceduredescribed in Practice C305.7.4 Molding Test SpecimensImmediately upon comple-tion of mixing, remove the paddle and the bowl from the mixerand shake the excess mortar from the paddle into the bowl. Fillthe mold in
22、two layers, compacting each layer with the tamper.Work the mortar into the corners, around the gage studs, andalong the surfaces of the mold with the tamper until ahomogeneous specimen is obtained. After the top layer hasbeen compacted, cut the mortar off flush with the top of themold and smooth the
23、 surface with a few strokes of the trowel.8. Storage of Test Specimens8.1 Initial StorageImmediately upon completion ofmolding, place the test specimens in the moist cabinet or moistroom. Keep all test specimens in the molds in the moist cabinetor moist room for 22.5 6 0.5 h with upper surfaces expo
24、sed tothe moist air but protected from dripping water. After this time,remove the specimens from the molds, properly identify, andplace in water or saturated lime water maintained at 23.0 6 2.0C 73.5 6 3.5 F for at least 30 min prior to making the initialmeasurement.8.2 Subsequent StorageAfter the i
25、nitial measurement,store the test specimens in saturated lime water in a tank in themoist cabinet or moist room. Cover the specimens with at least5-mm 14-in. of water during storage. Keep the storage waterclean by changing as necessary. Use a tank and lime waterconforming to the requirements of Spec
26、ification C511.9. Length Change Measurement9.1 Remove the specimens from water storage, one at atime, and wipe only the gage studs with a damp cloth beforemeasuring. Make length-comparator readings. The effectivegage length of specimens is 250 mm 10 in. for the standardmold size.9.2 Make the first r
27、eading at the age of 24 h 6 15 min fromthe time the cement and water are mixed together. Makeadditional length-comparator readings at the age of 14 days.NOTE 3Additional information of value may be obtained by makinglength-comparator readings of the specimens at ages earlier and later than14 days.10
28、. Calculation and Report10.1 Calculate the change in length of the specimen at 24 hand at 14 days to the nearest 0.001 % of the effective gagelength and report as the expansion of the specimen at thatperiod. Report the average length of change of the fourspecimens to the nearest 0.001 %.11. Precisio
29、n and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe following precision statements are ap-plicable when replicate samples are made using the sameportland cement at fixed water content.11.1.1 The single-operator standard deviation has beenfound to be 0.00165 % for expansions between 0.0075 and0.011 %. Therefore, results of
30、two properly conducted tests bythe same operator on the same material should not differ fromeach other by more than 0.005 %.11.1.2 The multi-laboratory standard deviation has beenfound to be 0.00287 % for expansions between 0.0075 and0.0115 %. Therefore, results of two properly conducted tests onthe
31、 same material in two different laboratories should not differfrom each by more than 0.008 %.11.2 BiasSince there is no accepted reference materialsuitable for determining the bias for the procedure in TestMethod C1038 for measuring the expansion of the barspecimens, no statement on bias is being ma
32、de.12. Keywords12.1 hydraulic cement; mortar-bar expansion; sulfate; sul-fate contentC1038/C1038M 14a2SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (C103814)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved June 15, 2014.)(1)
33、Revised 7.3.1.Committee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (C103810)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Jan. 15, 2014.)(1) Revised 5.1 and 8.1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asse
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36、ve careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM Inter
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