1、Designation: C1038/C1038M 14aC1038/C1038M 14bStandard Test Method forExpansion of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars Stored inWater1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1038/C1038M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expansion of mortar bars made using hydraulic c
3、ement, of which sulfateis an integral part.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thet
4、wo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicabil
5、ity of regulatorylimitations prior to use. (Warning Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin andtissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using
6、 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and ConcreteC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
7、 Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of HydraulicCements and ConcretesC778 Specification for SandC1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical Testing ofHydraulic CementsC1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement
8、 MortarD1193 Specification for Reagent Water3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is used to determine the amount of expansion of a mortar bar when it is stored in water. The amount ofmortar-bar expansion may relate to the amount of sulfate in the cement; expansion may become excessive when th
9、e cementcontains too much sulfate.3.2 Some cement specifications limit the amount of sulfate contained in hydraulic cement by requiring that the amount ofexpansion in water not exceed a specified value.4. Apparatus4.1 Reference Masses and Mass-Determining Devices, conforming to the requirements of S
10、pecification C1005. Evaluate thedevice for precision and bias at a total load of 2 Kg.kg.4.2 Glass Graduates, Molds, and Length Comparator, conforming to the requirements of Specification C490.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibili
11、ty of Subcommittee C01.28 on Sulfate Content.Current edition approved June 15, 2014Oct. 1, 2014. Published July 2014October 2014. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2014 asC1038C1038/C1038M 14a.14. DOI: 10.1520/C1038_C1038M-14a.10.1520/C1038_C1038M-14B.2 Section on Safety
12、, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of Standards, Vol. 04.01.Vol. 04.01.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on th
13、e ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users co
14、nsult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocke
15、n, PA 19428-2959. United States14.3 Moist Cabinet or Room, conforming to the requirements of Specification C511.4.4 Mixer, Bowl, and Paddle, conforming to the requirements of Practice C305.4.5 Trowel and Tamper, conforming to the requirements of Test Method C109/C109M.5. Temperature and Relative Hum
16、idity5.1 Molding Room, Dry Materials, and Mixing WaterMaintain the temperature of the molding room, dry materials, andmixing water at 23.0 6 4.0 C 4.0C 73.5 6 7.0 F, 7.0F, and maintain the relative humidity of the molding room at not lessthan 50 %.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Mixing WaterPotable wat
17、er is satisfactory for routine tests. For all cooperative tests and in case of dispute, use reagentwater conforming to the numerical limits of Type III of Specification D1193.6.2 Graded SandSand for making the test specimens shall conform to the requirements for graded standard sand inSpecification
18、C778.7. Procedure7.1 Number and Dimensions of Test SpecimensMake four 25 by 25 by 285-mm 1 by 1 by 1114-in. test specimens for eachcement. The effective gagegauge length of these specimens is 250 mm 10 in.NOTE 1In routine tests, 25 by 25 by 160-mm 1 by 1 by 614-in. specimens may be used; however, in
19、 case of dispute, results obtained with 25 by25 by 285-mm 1 by 1 by 1114-in. specimens shall govern. The effective gagegauge length of this specimen is 125 mm 5 in.7.2 Specimen MoldsPrepare the specimen molds in accordance with the requirements of Specification C490, except cover theinterior surface
20、s of the mold with a release agent.Arelease agent will be acceptable if it serves as a parting agent without affectingthe setting of the cement and without leaving any residue which will reduce the penetration of water into the specimen.NOTE 2TFE-fluorocarbon tape complies with the requirements for
21、a mold release agent.7.3 Proportioning, Consistency, and Mixing of Mortar:7.3.1 The quantity of dry materials required to prepare four 25 by 25 by 285-mm 1 by 1 by 1114-in. specimens is 500 g ofcement and 1375 g of graded sand. Use a water-cement ratio of 0.485 for all portland cements and 0.460 for
22、 all air-entrainingportland cements. The amount of mixing water for other than portland and air-entraining portland cements shall be such as toproduce a flow of 110 6 5 as determined by the flow table after 25 drops in 15 s as described in Test Method C1437. Record theamount of water used to the nea
23、rest millilitre.7.3.2 Mix the mortar in accordance with the procedure described in Practice C305.7.4 Molding Test SpecimensImmediately upon completion of mixing, remove the paddle and the bowl from the mixer andshake the excess mortar from the paddle into the bowl. Fill the mold in two layers, compa
24、cting each layer with the tamper. Workthe mortar into the corners, around the gagegauge studs, and along the surfaces of the mold with the tamper until a homogeneousspecimen is obtained. After the top layer has been compacted, cut the mortar off flush with the top of the mold and smooth thesurface w
25、ith a few strokes of the trowel.8. Storage of Test Specimens8.1 Initial StorageImmediately upon completion of molding, place the test specimens in the moist cabinet or moist room.Keep all test specimens in the molds in the moist cabinet or moist room for 22.5 6 0.5 h with upper surfaces exposed to t
26、he moistair but protected from dripping water. After this time, remove the specimens from the molds, properly identify, and place in wateror saturated lime water maintained at 23.0 6 2.0 C 2.0C 73.5 6 3.5 F 3.5F for at least 30 min prior to making the initialmeasurement.8.2 Subsequent StorageAfter t
27、he initial measurement, store the test specimens in saturated lime water in a tank in the moistcabinet or moist room. Cover the specimens with at least 5-mm 14-in. of water during storage. Keep the storage water clean bychanging as necessary. Use a tank and lime water conforming to the requirements
28、of Specification C511.9. Length Change Measurement9.1 Remove the specimens from water storage, one at a time, and wipe only the gagegauge studs with a damp cloth beforemeasuring. Make length-comparator readings. The effective gagegauge length of specimens is 250 mm 10 in. for the standardmold size.9
29、.2 Make the first readinginitial measurement at the age of 24 h 6 15 min 15 min from the time the cement and water are mixedtogether. Make additional length-comparator readings at the age of 14 days.NOTE 3Additional information of value may be obtained by making length-comparator readings of the spe
30、cimens at ages earlier and later than 14days.C1038/C1038M 14b210. Calculation and Report10.1 Calculate the change in length of the specimen at 24 h and between the initial measurement and that at 14 days to thenearest 0.001 % of the effective gagegauge length and report as the expansion of the speci
31、men at that period. Report the averagelength of change of the four specimens to the nearest 0.001 %.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe following precision statements are applicable when replicate samples are made using the same portlandcement at fixed water content.content:11.1.1 The single-ope
32、rator standard deviation has been found to be 0.00165 % for expansions between 0.0075 and 0.011 %.Therefore, results of two properly conducted tests by the same operator on the same material should not differ from each other bymore than 0.005 %.11.1.2 The multi-laboratory standard deviation has been
33、 found to be 0.00287 % for expansions between 0.0075 and 0.0115 %.Therefore, results of two properly conducted tests on the same material in two different laboratories should not differ from eachby more than 0.008 %.11.2 BiasSince there is no accepted reference material suitable for determining the
34、bias for the procedure in Test MethodC1038 for measuring the expansion of the bar specimens, no statement on bias is being made.12. Keywords12.1 hydraulic cement; mortar-bar expansion; sulfate; sulfate contentSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this sta
35、ndard since the last issue(C1038C1038/C1038M 14a14) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Oct. 1, 2014June 15,2014.).)(1) Revised 7.3.19.2 and 10.1.Committee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1038/C1038M 14) that may impact the u
36、se of this standard. (Approved June 15, 2014.)(1) Revised 7.3.1.Committee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1038C1038/C1038M 1010) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Jan. 15, 2014.)(1) Revised 5.1 and 8.1.ASTM International ta
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