1、Designation: C 1077 09bStandard Practice forLaboratories Testing Concrete and Concrete Aggregates forUse in Construction and Criteria for Laboratory Evaluation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1077; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal a
2、doption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
3、1. Scope*1.1 This practice identifies and defines the duties, responsi-bilities, and minimum technical requirements of testing labo-ratory personnel and the minimum technical requirements forlaboratory equipment utilized in testing concrete and concreteaggregates for use in construction.1.2 This pra
4、ctice provides criteria for the evaluation of thecapability of a testing laboratory to perform designated ASTMtest methods on concrete and concrete aggregates. It can beused by an evaluation authority in the inspection or accredita-tion of a laboratory or by other parties to determine if thelaborato
5、ry is qualified to conduct the specified tests.NOTE 1Specification E 329 provides criteria for the evaluation oflaboratories that perform the inspection of concrete during placement.1.3 If the laboratory requires external technical services toconduct tests, the external agency shall be subject to se
6、parateevaluation.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to us
7、e.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 31/C 31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete TestSpecimens in the FieldC 39/C 39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-lindrical Concrete SpecimensC40 Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggre-gates for ConcreteC117 Test Method for Mate
8、rials Finer than 75-m (No.200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingC 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and ConcreteAggregatesC 127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (SpecificGravity), and Absorption of Coarse AggregateC 128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (SpecificGravity), an
9、d Absorption of Fine AggregateC 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesC 138/C 138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight),Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of ConcreteC 143/C 143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC 172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed C
10、oncreteC 173/C 173M Test Method for Air Content of FreshlyMixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC 231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly MixedConcrete by the Pressure MethodC 617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Speci-mensC 802 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Test Pro-gram t
11、o Determine the Precision of Test Methods forConstruction MaterialsC 1064/C 1064M Test Method for Temperature of FreshlyMixed Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC 1231/C 1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps inDetermination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Con-crete CylindersD75 Practice for Sampling Agg
12、regatesD 2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils andFine AggregateE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth andTest SievesE 329 Specification for Agencies Engaged in ConstructionInspection and/or Testing1This practice is unde
13、r the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concreteand ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.98 onEvaluation of Laboratories.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2009. Published September 2009. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C 107
14、7 09a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of th
15、is standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 1301 Guide for Proficiency Testing by InterlaboratoryComparisons2.2 ACI Standards:ACI 214-77 Recommended Practice for Evaluation ofStrength Test Results of Concrete33. Term
16、inology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer toTerminology C 125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 evaluation authority, nan independent entity, apartfrom the testing laboratory being evaluated, that has thecapability to provide an unbiase
17、d evaluation of the professionaland technical activities of concrete and concrete aggregatestesting laboratories.3.2.1.1 DiscussionTwo acceptable methods of evaluationare inspection and accreditation, and these evaluations areoffered by many evaluation authorities. An inspection is anevaluation of e
18、quipment and procedures based on the TestMethods and Procedures section, along with a review of thequality system. An inspection report is the final step in theprocess for an inspection agency. The testing laboratory beingevaluated performs corrective actions for any deficienciesnoted, and these cor
19、rections are to be placed with the otherinspection documentation as part of the permanent record ofthe inspection. An accreditation agency uses the results of theinspection report or the results of their own onsite assessmentas one phase of the accreditation process. As a separate phase,the accredit
20、ation agency also reviews the testing laboratoryscorrective actions for the deficiencies noted and issues acertificate of accreditation once all of the deficiencies havebeen corrected. There is no universally accepted evaluationauthority in the construction materials testing field; therefore,testing
21、 laboratories should give careful consideration whenselecting an evaluation authority to gain the most benefit fromthe evaluation. In most cases, a testing laboratory will select anevaluation authority as a result of requirements in a projectspecification, or contract, or in response to local codes,
22、 or otherindustry requirements. In those circumstances, the require-ments will stipulate the acceptable evaluation authorities. Ifthere are no specific requirements and the evaluation is inanticipation of future work or to compete with other localtesting laboratories, then the laboratory should cont
23、act theorganization(s) most likely to use their services for a list ofacceptable evaluation authorities. A list of evaluation authori-ties is provided in the Qualification of Personnel and Labora-tory Evaluation section of the Manual of Aggregate andConcrete Testing.4The list is merely a collection
24、of organiza-tions willing to provide this service and is not an endorsementof any particular organization. Other organizations may also beavailable to provide this service.3.2.2 external technical services, nthose services requiredby a testing laboratory that are provided by another organiza-tion.3.
25、2.3 field technician, nan employee of the laboratorywho is assigned to perform sampling and testing functionsoutside the laboratory.3.2.4 laboratory technician, nan employee of the labora-tory who is assigned to perform the actual testing operationsprimarily conducted in the laboratory.3.2.5 quality
26、 systems, nthose internal procedures andpractices that a laboratory utilizes to ensure continued compli-ance with applicable testing standards for concrete and con-crete aggregates.3.2.6 testing laboratory, nan organization that measures,examines, performs tests, or otherwise determines the charac-t
27、eristics or performance of materials or products. This mayinclude organizations that offer commercial testing services, anin-house quality control function, an academic institution, orany other organization providing the required testing services.4. Significance and Use4.1 The testing and inspection
28、 of concrete and concreteaggregates are important elements in obtaining quality con-struction. A testing laboratory providing these services must beselected with care.4.2 A testing laboratory shall be deemed qualified to per-form and report the results of its tests if the laboratory meetsthe require
29、ments of this practice. The testing laboratory ser-vices shall be provided under the technical direction of aregistered professional engineer.4.3 This practice establishes essential characteristics per-taining to the organization, personnel, facilities, and qualitysystems of the laboratory. This pra
30、ctice may be supplementedby more specific criteria and requirements for particularprojects.5. Organization5.1 The following information shall be readily available forreview:5.1.1 Description of the organization, including:5.1.1.1 Complete legal name and address of the main officeand each laboratory
31、location,5.1.1.2 Names and positions of the principal officers and theresponsible, registered professional engineer in charge, and5.1.1.3 Description of the organization management struc-ture.5.1.2 Listing of the relevant technical services offered, and5.1.3 All external technical services normally
32、utilized.5.2 The laboratory shall designate an individual with accessto management who has the responsibility of seeing thatprocedures required in this document are being carried out.6. Personnel Qualifications6.1 Information shall be made available to substantiatepersonnel qualifications as follows
33、:6.1.1 All relevant testing services are provided under thefull-time technical direction of a registered professional engi-neer with at least 5 years experience in construction materialstesting.3Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, FarmingtonHills, MI 48333-9094, http:/ww
34、w.aci-int.org.4Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTMStandards , Vol 04.02.C 1077 09b26.1.2 Supervising laboratory technicians shall possess aminimum of 3 years relevant experience and current techniciancertification. The technician certification program must includea written
35、examination and performance examination of rel-evant tests. Relevant tests that must be covered by thecertification program are: Practice C 31/C 31M, Test MethodsC 39/C 39M, C40, C117, C 127, C 128, C 136, C 138/C 138M, C 143/C 143M, Practice C 172, Test Methods C 173/C 173M, C 231, and Test Method
36、C 1064/C 1064M. In caseswhere the supervising laboratory technician is supervisingtechnicians who only test concrete, the applicable relevant testsare the concrete tests listed in the group. Where the supervisinglaboratory technician is supervising technicians who only testaggregates, the applicable
37、 relevant tests are the aggregate testslisted in the group.6.1.3 Supervising field technicians shall possess a minimumof 3 years relevant experience and current technician certifi-cation. The technician certification program must include awritten examination and performance examination of relevantte
38、sts. Relevant tests that must be covered by the certificationprogram are: Practice C 31/C 31M, Test Methods C 138/C 138M, C 143/C 143M, Practice C 172, Test Methods C 173/C 173M, C 231, and C 1064/C 1064M.6.1.4 Concrete laboratory technicians shall possess currenttechnician certification. The techni
39、cian program must include awritten examination and performance examination of relevanttests. Relevant tests that must be covered by the certificationprogram are: Test Method C 39/C 39M and Practice C 617 orC 1231/C 1231M.6.1.5 Aggregate laboratory technicians shall possess currenttechnician certific
40、ation. The technician certification programmust include a written examination and performance examina-tion of relevant tests. Relevant tests that must be covered by thecertification program are: Test Methods C40, C117, C 127,C 128, and C 136.6.1.6 Concrete field technicians shall possess current tec
41、h-nician certification. The technician certification program mustinclude a written examination and performance examination ofrelevant tests. Relevant tests that must be covered by thecertification program are: Practice C 31/C 31M, Test MethodsC 138/C 138M, C 143/C 143M, Practice C 172, Test MethodsC
42、 173/C 173M, C 231, and C 1064/C 1064M.6.1.7 The technician certification program shall meet thefollowing criteria:6.1.7.1 The written examination shall be of sufficient lengthand detail to cover the entire test method,6.1.7.2 The performance examination shall adequatelycover procedures of the test
43、method, and6.1.7.3 The written and performance examinations shallinclude all relevant test methods that are listed in the sectionabove for the type of technician being certified.NOTE 2A list of technician certification programs is provided in theQualification of Personnel and Laboratory Evaluation s
44、ection of theManual ofAggregate and Concrete Testing.4The list is merely a collectionof certification programs and is not an endorsement of any particularprogram. Other programs may also be available.7. Test Methods and Procedures7.1 The testing laboratory shall be capable of performingthe required
45、ASTM test methods, guides, or practices in 7.2and may request additional evaluation for the optional methodsin 7.3 to the extent that those services are provided by thelaboratory.7.2 Required Test Methods and Practices:7.2.1 For Laboratories Testing Concrete:7.2.1.1 Sampling, Practice C 172,7.2.1.2
46、Slump, Test Method C 143/C 143M,7.2.1.3 Unit Weight, Yield, and Air Content, Test MethodC 138/C 138M,7.2.1.4 Air Content, Test Method C 173/C 173M (volumet-ric method), or Test Method C 231 (pressure method), or both.7.2.1.5 Temperature, Test Method C 1064/C 1064M,7.2.1.6 Making and Curing Test Spec
47、imens, Practice C 31/C 31M,7.2.1.7 Compressive Strength, Test Method C 39/C 39M,7.2.2 For Laboratories Testing Concrete Aggregates:7.2.2.1 Sieve Analysis, Test Method C 136,7.2.2.2 Material Finer Than 75-m (No. 200) Sieve, TestMethod C117,7.2.2.3 Specific Gravity and Absorption, Test Method C 127(Co
48、arse Aggregate) and Test Method C 128 (Fine Aggregate),and7.2.2.4 Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregate, Test MethodC40.7.3 Optional Test Methods or Practices:7.3.1 Some laboratories conduct other tests on concrete andconcrete aggregates in addition to those listed in The RequiredTest Methods and Pra
49、ctices Section. These optional testmethods and practices could include any of the test methods orpractices developed by Committee C09 and contained involume 04.02, as well as other related standards such asPractice D75and Test Method D 2419. The laboratory shallhave evidence of proper facilities, equipment, and trainedpersonnel to comply with the applicable test method orpractice, if it is included in the scope of services as defined bythe laboratory. The laboratory and the evaluation authority willmutually agree upon which optional test methods or practiceswill be incl
