1、Designation: C1104/C1104M 13C1104/C1104M 13aStandard Test Method forDetermining the Water Vapor Sorption of Unfaced MineralFiber Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1104/C1104M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of water vapor sorbed by mi
3、neral fiber insulation exposed to ahigh-humidity atmosphere. This test method is applicable only to fibrous base material and binder. The results obtained by this testmethod cannot be used in describing faced products, since the facing is not tested by using this test method.1.2 The water vapor sorp
4、tion characteristics of materials may be affected by conditions such as elevated temperatures orchemical exposures. Values obtained as a result of this test method may not adequately describe the water vapor sorptioncharacteristics of materials subjected to these conditions.1.3 The values stated in
5、either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This
6、standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1
7、 ASTM Standards:2C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or Batt Thermal InsulationsC302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal InsulationC303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Preformed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC390 Practic
8、e for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation LotsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 Th
9、e term sorption has been adopted for this test method, since mineral fiber insulation may absorb water within its bulkwhen viewed macroscopically, while it adsorbs water onto individual fibers on a microscopic scale.(1) sorptionrefers to the taking up and holding of matter by other matter by various
10、 processes such as absorption andadsorption.(2) absorptionrefers to the taking up of matter in-bulk by other matter; for example, the penetration of substances into thebulk of another solid or liquid.(3) adsorptionrefers to surface retention or adhesion of an extremely thin layer of molecules to the
11、 surfaces of solids orliquids with which they are in contact.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The insulation is dried to a constant weight and exposed to a high-humidity atmosphere for 96 h. The amount of watersorbed from the vapor phase is the difference in specimen weights, and is expressed in either
12、weight or volume percent.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on Insulation Finishes andMoisture.Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2013Nov. 1, 2013. Published January 2013December 2013. Originally
13、approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20062013as C1104/C1104M 00C1104/C1104M 13.(2006). DOI: 10.1520/C1104_C1104M-13.10.1520/C1104_C1104M-13A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
14、 Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically pos
15、sible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, W
16、est Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Significance and Use5.1 The sorption of water can result in an increase in weight and a resultant potential degradation of the properties of theinsulation.6. Apparatus6.1 Air-circulating oven, capable of maintaining a temperature between 102 and 121C
17、 215 and 250F.6.2 Desiccator, with calcium chloride as a desiccant.6.3 Scale, accurate to 60.1 % of specimen weight.6.4 Environmental test chamber, capable of maintaining a temperature of 49 6 2C 120 6 3F and a relative humidity of 956 3 %.6.5 Steel rule, graduated in 1 mm or 0.05 in. intervals with
18、 depth gauge as described in Test Methods C167.6.6 Sealable polyethylene sample bags of a size large enough to accommodate the test specimens (for blanket, board, or pipethermal insulations).6.7 Non-water-sorbing, non-corrosive tray with tight-fitting lid measuring at least 15 by 15 cm 6 by 6 in. (f
19、or loose-fillinsulations).7. Sampling and Test Specimens7.1 Three specimens shall be tested, unless otherwise stated in the appropriate material specification. These are to be obtainedfrom one representative package of insulation. Sampling techniques should be in accordance with Practice C390.7.2 Fo
20、r blanket and board products, the test specimen shall be of a size that can be conveniently tested in the environmentalchamber, but not smaller than 15 by 15 cm 6 by 6 in. by the full sample thickness. For pipe insulation products, use a 15 cm6 in. length and as much of the circumference as can be c
21、onveniently tested. For loose-fill products, the test specimen shall consistof sufficient quantity of the material to fill a preweighed container measuring at least 15 by 15 cm 6 by 6 in., to a nominal depthat its nominal density.7.3 The insulation shall be tested without facing or jacketing, unless
22、 otherwise agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier, orunless otherwise specified by the appropriate material specification.8. Procedure A, for Blanket, Board, and Pipe Insulation Products8.1 If it is necessary to determine volume percent, measure the dimensions and calculate the density of the spe
23、cimens using8.1.1, 8.1.2, or 8.1.3.8.1.1 For blanket products, measure the length and width of the specimens using a steel rule. Measure the weight of thespecimens. Measure the thickness of the specimens by means of the depth gage as stated in Test Method C167. Calculate thedensity of the specimens.
24、8.1.2 For board products, measure the dimensions of the specimens using the test methods stated in Test Method C303.8.1.3 For pipe products, measure the dimensions of the specimens using the test methods stated in Test Method C302.8.1.4 Calculate the volume of the specimens. If requested, the volume
25、 may be based on the nominal thickness rather than themeasured thickness, but this must be included in the report.8.2 Determine the moisture-free weight of each specimen in the manner described in 8.2.1.8.2.1 Weigh the specimen. Place the specimen in an air-circulating oven at a temperature of 102 t
26、o 121C 215 to 250F fora minimum of 2 h. (See Note 1.) Cool the specimen to room temperature in a desiccator and reweigh. Repeat the process untilsuccessive weighings agree to within 0.2 % of the specimen weight obtained in the latest weighing. Record this weight as themoisture-free weight.NOTE 1When
27、 drying at the specified temperature has been shown to adversely affect the insulation, the specimen may be dried to moisture-freeweight in a desiccator at room temperature. However, the drying time between successive weighings should then be extended to at least 24 h.8.3 Bring the specimens to a un
28、iform temperature in an oven of not less than 60C 140F and then transfer to theenvironmental chamber. Either suspend the specimens or place on a grid within the chamber in order to ensure air circulationaround the specimens. Protect the specimens from condensate dripping from the chamber ceiling by
29、using a slanting false roofimmediately above the specimens.8.4 Allow the specimens to remain in the environmental chamber for 966 4 h at a temperature of 49 6 2C 1206 3F andat a relative humidity of 95 6 3 %. Then place each specimen in its own pre-weighed sample bag, seal the bag, and remove fromth
30、e chamber. Allow the bag containing the specimens to cool to room temperature and weigh. Subtract the bag weight from theobtained weight. Record this as the specimen weight after testing.C1104/C1104M 13a29. Procedure B, for Loose-Fill Insulation Products9.1 If it is necessary to determine volume per
31、cent, measure the length and width of the pre-weighed sample trays, using a steelrule. Apply the insulation at its nominal or requested thickness and density by pouring or blowing it into the sample tray. Measurethe thickness of the specimens by means of a depth gauge. Calculate the volume of the sp
32、ecimens.9.2 Determine the moisture-free weight of each specimen in the manner described in 9.2.1.9.2.1 Weigh the sample tray containing the specimen. Place the specimen in an air-circulating oven at a temperature of 102to 121C 215 to 250F for a minimum of 2 h. (See Note 1.) Place the pre-weighed lid
33、 on the sample tray, cool the specimento room temperature, and reweigh. Remove the lid and repeat the process until successive weighings agree to within 0.2 % of thespecimen weight obtained in the latest weighing. Subtract the tray weight from the total obtained weight of the tray and specimen.Recor
34、d this weight as the moisture-free weight of the specimen.9.3 Remove the lids and bring the specimens to a uniform temperature of not less than 60C 140F, and then transfer to theenvironmental chamber. Place the trays horizontally within the chamber and place the lids next to the trays. Protect the s
35、pecimensfrom condensate dripping from the chamber ceiling by using a slanting false roof immediately above the specimens.9.4 Allow the specimens to remain in the environmental chamber for 96 6 4 h at a temperature of 49 6 2C 120 6 3Fand at a relative humidity of 95 6 3 %. Then place the lid on each
36、sample tray and remove from the chamber. Allow the traycontaining the specimen to cool to room temperature and weigh. Subtract the tray weight from the obtained weight. Record thisas the specimen weight after testing.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the percentage water vapor sorption by weight and by
37、volume using Eq 1, Eq 2, and Eq 3.10.1.1 Water sorbed from the vapor phase,weight percent5W22W1!W13100 (1)where:W2 = specimen weight after test, andW1 = moisture-free weight of specimen.10.1.2 Water sorbed from the vapor phase,volume percent5W22W1!31001g/cm3!3V (2)where:W2 and W1 = are in grams,V =
38、is the samples volume in cm3, and1 g/cm3 = is the density of water.10.1.3 An alternative method of calculating volume percent is shown in Eq 3:Water sorbed from the vapor phase,volume percent (3)5Water sorption,weight percent!3Sample density!Density of waterwhere the sample density and the density o
39、f water are in the same units, such as g/cm3, lb/ft3, or lb/in.311. Report11.1 The report shall include the following:11.1.1 Name and any additional identification of the material tested,11.1.2 Thickness of the material,11.1.3 Number of specimens tested,11.1.4 Density,11.1.4.1 Measured density (blan
40、ket, board, and pipe product),11.1.4.2 Applied density (for loose fill only),11.1.5 The average percent water sorption by weight for the specimens, and11.1.6 The average percent water sorption by volume for the specimens, if requested.12. Precision and Bias12.1 Interlaboratory Test ProgramInterlabor
41、atory studies were run in which randomly drawn test specimens of two materialswere tested for moisture sorption. The density of the two materials was 16 kg/m3 1 lb/ft3) and 50 kg/m3 3.2 lb/ft3. Practice E691C1104/C1104M 13a3was followed for the design and analysis of the data. all oof the test speci
42、mens were provided by a single laboratory. the detailsare given in ASTM Research Report NO. C1610243.12.2 Test Results The precision information given below in units of measurements noted is for the comparision of test results.12.1 Precision:Interlaboratory Test ProgramLight DensityMineral FiberHeav
43、yDensityMineral FiberNumber of Laboratories 3 3Sorption by Weight, Average Value 2.1% 0.9%95% repeatability limit (within laboratory) 0.60% 0.18%95% reproducibility limit (betweenlaboratories)0.88% 0.52%Sorption by Volume, Average Value 0.03% 0.05%95% repeatability limit (within laboratory) 0.01% 0.
44、01%95% reproducibility limit (betweenlaboratories)0.02% 0.03%Interlaboratory studies were run in which randomly drawn test specimens of two materials were tested for moisture sorption.The density of the two materials was 16 kg/m3 1 lb/ft3) and 50 kg/m3 3.2 lb/ft3. Practice E691 was followed for the
45、designand analysis of the data. All of the test specimens were provided by a single laboratory. The details are given in ASTM Re-search Report No. RR:C16-1024.312.1.1 Test ResultsThe precision information given below in units of measurements noted is for the comparision of testresults.12.1.2 Precisi
46、on:Light DensityMineral FiberHeavyDensityMineral FiberNumber of Laboratories 3 3Sorption by Weight, Average Value 2.1% 0.9%95% repeatability limit (within laboratory) 0.60% 0.18%95% reproducibility limit (betweenlaboratories)0.88% 0.52%Sorption by Volume, Average Value 0.03% 0.05%95% repeatability l
47、imit (within laboratory) 0.01% 0.01%95% reproducibility limit (betweenlaboratories)0.02% 0.03%12.2 The precision of this test method is based on an interlaboratory study of Test Method C1104/C1104M, Standard TestMethod for Determining the Water Vapor Sorption of Unfaced Mineral Fiber Insulation, con
48、ducted in 2012. Six laboratoriesparticipated in the study, testing three types of fiber insulation. Every analyst was instructed to report triplicate test results in thisstudy. Practice E691 was followed for the study design; the details are given in ASTM Research Report No. RR:C16-1041.512.2.1 Repe
49、atability limit (r)Two test results obtained within one laboratory shall be judged not equivalent if they differ bymore than the “r” value for that material; “r” is the interval representing the critical difference between two test results for the samematerial, obtained by the same operator using the same equipment on the same day in the same laboratory.12.2.1.1 Repeatability limits are listed in Tables 1-3.12.2.2 Reproducibility limit (R)Two test results shall be judged not equivalent if they differ by
