1、Designation: C1124/C1124M 90 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forKerosene Retention of Asbestos1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1124/C1124M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the kero-sene retention capacity of asbestos fiber by filtering aftermixing a
3、nd measuring the volume of liquid retained bydifference.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues
4、 from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 WarningBreathing of asbestos dust is hazardous.Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated healthrisks for users and for those with whom they come into contact.In addition to other precautions, when working with asbesto
5、s-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For informa-tion on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Useof Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and ControlMeasures.”21.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use
6、. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specifichazard warning, see 1.3.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1655 Specification for Aviation Turb
7、ine FuelsD2590/D2590M Test Method for Sampling Chrysotile As-bestosD2946 Terminology for Asbestos and AsbestosCementProductsD3879 Test Method for Sampling Amphibole Asbestos(Withdrawn 2009)4E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision a
8、nd Bias inASTM Test Methods2.2 Other Standards:US Federal Specifications, VV-K-211 d, Kerosene5Canadian Government Specifications Board CAN 2-3.3-M85 Kerosene6United Kingdom, Ministry of Defense Specification DEF-2403-A73. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology D2946.4. Summary of Test Metho
9、d4.1 A slurry of asbestos fiber is formed by mixing in aknown volume of kerosene. The slurry is then drained on astandard 177 m U.S. No. 80 screen as defined in Specifica-tion E11, and the kerosene that drains out in 15 min ismeasured. The quantity of kerosene retained is obtained bydifference.5. Si
10、gnificance and Use5.1 The kerosene retention value is an indication of thedegree of fiberization and of the absorptivity of a given gradeof asbestos.5.2 Since the retention of the fibrous fractions is muchgreater than that of the non-fibrous fractions, this test methodmay be used to compare the fibr
11、ous content of otherwisesimilar grades of asbestos.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Reinforced Cement Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC17.03 on Asbestos - Cement Sheet Products and Accessories.Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Pu
12、blished July 2015. Originally approvedin 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1124 90(2009)1. DOI:10.1520/C1124_C1124M-90R15.2Available from The Asbestos Institute, http:/ referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.
13、 For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.5Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington, DC 20
14、402.6Available from The Secretary, Canadian General Standard Board, Ottawa,ONT, Canada K1A 1G6.7Available from Her Majestys Stationery Office, London, England.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Apparatus6.1 Kerosene Dr
15、ainage ApparatusDescribed in Fig. 1 andFig. 2.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Kerosene, meeting one of the following specifications:7.1.1 US Federal Specifications, VV-K-211 d, Kerosene.7.1.2 Jet A Kerosine specified in Specification D1655.7.1.3 United Kingdom, Ministry of Defense SpecificationDEF-2403
16、-A.7.1.4 Kerosine CGSB Spec CAN 2-3.3-M85.8. Hazards8.1 Warningsee 1.3.9. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units9.1 Sampling:9.1.1 Take samples in accordance with Test MethodsD2590/D2590M in the case of chrysotile asbestos or TestMethod D3879 in the case of amphibole asbestos.9.2 Test Specimens:9.
17、2.1 Two specimens each of 50 6 0.05 g are required.10. Procedure10.1 Put a 50 g specimen into a 400 cm3beaker and add 3256 1cm3of kerosene.10.2 Mix with a spatula for 120 s (2 min).10.3 Wet the drainage cylinder and screen with keroseneand drain 1 min.10.4 Place a 250-cm3graduated cylinder beneath t
18、he drain-age cylinder outlet.10.5 Immediately transfer the slurry in one continuousmotion to the drainage cylinder.10.6 Start a stopwatch simultaneously.10.7 After draining for 900 s (15 min), read the volume ofkerosene drained into the graduate, and record this value to thenearest cm3.10.8 Discard
19、the asbestos retained on the screen, rinse cleanwith running hot water, and dry the apparatus.8Thus it will beready for the next test.10.9 Repeat this procedure with the second specimen.11. Calculation11.1 For each of the two readings, subtract the valueobtained, in cm3, from the initial quantity of
20、 kerosene (325cm3). Multiply these differences by two to obtain the keroseneretention values per 100 g of asbestos fiber.8A jet of clean dry compressed air may be used to accelerate the drying.FIG. 1 Kerosene Retention Apparatus AssemblyFIG. 2 Retention Apparatus DetailC1124/C1124M 90 (2015)211.2 Ex
21、ampleIf the reading on the graduated cylinder was215 cm3, then the kerosene retentionvalue = (325215)2=220cm3/100 g.12. Report12.1 Report the average of two kerosene retention values incm3/100 g.12.2 Fully identify the sample tested as to designation andorigin.13. Precision and Bias13.1 Acceptance o
22、f Results:13.1.1 Results on two specimens must agree within 2 % ofthe average. If this is not attained, repeat the test until tworesults within 2 % from the average are obtained.13.2 Precision:13.2.1 The single-laboratory, multi-operator-apparatusdayprecision (repeatability) is 62 % (two sigma limit
23、s expressedin units of percentage) as defined in Practice E177 over therange of 200 to 400 cm3/100 g.13.3 Bias:13.3.1 No justifiable statement on the bias of this testmethod can be made since the true values cannot be establishedby an accepted referee method.13.3.2 A partial verification of the repe
24、atability that con-firmed the above data is on file. A copy is available uponrequest.914. Keywords14.1 absorption; asbestos; kerosene; kerosene retention; oil;oil absorption; retention capacityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection wi
25、th any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible tech
26、nical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful considerat
27、ion at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Ha
28、rbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ data is available from ASTM International Headquarters. RequestRR:C17-1002.C1124/C1124M 90 (2015)3
