1、Designation: C1134 90 (2012)1C1134 17Standard Test Method forWater Retention of Rigid Thermal Insulations FollowingPartial Immersion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1134; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r
2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTESection 8.5 was editorially revised in January 2013.1. Scope1.1 This test method determines the amount
3、of water retained (including surface water) by rigid block and board thermalinsulations used in building construction applications after these materials have been partially immersed in liquid water forprescribed time intervals under isothermal conditions. This test method is intended to be used for
4、the characterization of materialsin the laboratory. It is not intended to simulate any particular environmental condition that may be potentially encountered inbuilding construction applications.1.2 This test method does not address all the possible mechanisms of water intake and retention and relat
5、ed phenomena for rigidthermal insulations. It relates only to those conditions outlined in 1.1. Determination of moisture accumulation in thermalinsulations due to complete immersion, water vapor transmission, internal condensation, freeze-thaw cycling, or a combination ofthese effects requires diff
6、erent test procedures.1.3 Each partial immersion interval is followed by a brief free-drainage period. This test method does not address or attemptto quantify the drainage characteristics of materials. Therefore, results for materials with different internal structure and porosity,such as cellular m
7、aterials and fibrous materials, mayare not benecessarily directly comparable. Also, test results for specimens ofdifferent thickness mayare not benecessarily directly comparable because of porosity effects. The surface characteristics of amaterial also affect drainage. Specimens It is possible that
8、specimens with rough surfaces maywill retain more surface water thanspecimens with smooth surfaces, and that surface treatment during specimen preparation maywill affect water intake and retention.Therefore, it is not advisable to directly compare results for materials with different surface charact
9、eristics may not be directlycomparable.characteristics.1.4 For most materials the size of the test specimens is small compared with the size of the products actually installed in thefield. If the surface-to-volume ratios for the test specimens and the corresponding products are different, it is poss
10、ible that the testresults maywill be misleading.1.5 The values stated in inch-poundSI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SIinch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does
11、not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This in
12、ternational standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) C
13、ommittee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation2E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direc
14、t responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on Insulation Finishesand Moisture.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012Oct. 1, 2017. Published January 2013November 2017. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20072012as C113490(2007)C1134 90 (2012)1. DOI: 10.1520/C1134-90R12E01. 10.
15、1520/C1134-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is in
16、tended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the cur
17、rent versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology C168 applies to terms used in this test method.3.2 Des
18、criptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 WRSshort-term water retention rating, the average of the water retained following the 0.75-h and 3.00-h partialimmersion intervals, kilograms per square metre (percent by volume) (for materials tested at 1.00 in. (25.4 mm) thickness). (Seerating.4.2
19、.)3.2.2 WRLlong-term water retention rating, the water retained following the 168-h partial immersion interval, kilograms persquare metre (percent by volume) (for materials tested at 1.00 in. (25.4 mm) thickness). (See rating.4.2.)4. Significance and Use4.1 Materials less than or equal to 0.59 in. (
20、15.0 mm)15 mm (0.59 in.) in thickness shall not be tested in accordance with thistest method in order to avoid complete immersion of the specimens. This type of exposure is beyond the scope of this test method.4.2 This test method is used to assess both the short-term water retention and the long-te
21、rm water retention. The short-termwater retention is assessed as the average of the water retained following partial immersion intervals of 0.75-h and 3.00-h, inkilograms per square meter (percent by volume) (for materials tested at 25.4 mm (1.00 in.) thickness). The long-term waterretention is asse
22、ssed as the water retained following a 168-h partial immersion interval, in kilograms per square meter (percent byvolume) (for materials tested at 25.4 mm (1.00 in.) thickness).4.3 Materials shall be tested at both actual product thickness and 1.00 in. (25.4 mm)25.4 mm (1.00 in.) thickness provided
23、thematerials can be cut to a thickness of 1.00 in. (25.4 mm)25.4 mm (1.00 in.) without changing the original character of the materials.If a product cannot be cut without changing the original character of the material, the test report shall contain an appropriate noteto this effect. corresponding i
24、nformation shall be provided in the test report. Results shall be reported on the basis of equal nominalwetted specimen surface area (in units of kilograms per square metre)meter) for materials tested at actual product thickness andon the basis of equal specimen volume (in units of percent by volume
25、) for materials tested at 1.00 in. (25.4 mm)25.4 mm (1.00in.) thickness. If a product cannot be cut to a thickness of 1.00 in. (25.4 mm)25.4 mm (1.00 in.) or if the actual product thicknessis less than 1.00 in. (25.4 mm)25.4 mm (1.00 in.) but greater than 0.59 in. (15.0 mm),15 mm (0.59 in.), the pro
26、duct shall only betested at actual product thickness and results only reported on the basis of equal nominal wetted specimen surface area.4.3.1 By reporting results on the basis of equal nominal wetted specimen surface area, specimens of different thicknesses canbe compared equitably. For some speci
27、mens, the water intake and retention primarily may depend depends on the nominal wettedsurface area available for water intake.4.3.2 By reporting results on the basis of equal specimen volume, specimens can be compared equitably using units thatcommonly are selected to represent results of water int
28、ake testing (percent by volume). For some materials, water intake andretention primarily may depend depends on the volume of the specimen available for water intake.4.3.3 In most cases water retention is a secondary performance characteristic that has an influence on a primary performancecharacteris
29、tic, such as thermal performance, surface accumulation of moisture (that may will potentially contribute to fungalgrowth), or localized collection of electrolytes (that may will potentially contribute to corrosion), etc. corrosion). Depending onthe primary performance characteristic that is of inter
30、est, the preferred units for use in comparing the water retention of differentmaterials maywill be either kilograms per square metremeter or percent by volume.4.4 Immersion times in addition to those required by this test method may be shall be permitted to be selected provided thatall parties invol
31、ved are in agreement.4.5 The water retention characteristics of materials may will potentially be affected by conditions such as elevated temperaturesor chemical exposures.5. Apparatus5.1 Test ChamberThe test chamber or room where the test is to be run shall be maintained at a temperature of 73 6 4F
32、 (2362C) 23 6 2C (73 6 4F) and a relative humidity of 50 6 5 %.5.2 Immersion TankThe immersion tank shall consist of an open tank of sufficient size to accommodate at least threespecimens. Included in the construction of the tank shall be a means for securing the specimens in a level position, that
33、is, anoncorrosive support for the bottom surface of the specimens and a similar constraining device for the top surface. The supportand constraining devices shall not contact more than 15 % of the specimen surfaces. The pressure exerted on the specimens by theconstraining device for the top surface
34、shall be limited to that required to counteract any buoyant force exerted by the specimensat the beginning of the test. The immersion tank shall be provided with a water overflow level, as shown in Fig. 1.5.3 BalanceThe balance shall have a sensitivity of at least 0.1 g. For some measurements, such
35、a sensitivity maywill be morethan is required, in which case a sensitivity of at least 0.1 % of the total mass of the specimen after immersion and the weighingcontainer is acceptable. See 7.4.1. To achieve these sensitivities, it is possible that two different balances maywill be required.5.4 Weighi
36、ng ContainerThe weighing container shall be made of a nonabsorbent, waterproof, lightweight material and shallbe large enough to allow a specimen to be laid flat in the container.C1134 1725.5 Linear Measuring InstrumentThe linear measuring instrument shall be capable of measuring specimen dimensions
37、 to thenearest 0.01 in. (0.2 mm).0.25 mm (0.01 in.).5.6 Distilled or Deionized WaterDistilled or deionized water shall be used for testing.5.7 Drainage RackThe drainage rack shall be similar to that shown in Figs. 2 and 3.6. Test Specimens6.1 Six test specimens shall be selected randomly from each s
38、ample. Only three specimens are required if the product is onlyto be tested at the actual product thickness or if the actual product thickness is 21.00 in. (5.4 mm).5.4 mm (21.00 in.). See 4.24.3.6.2 The test specimens shall be square with a length and width of 11.8 6 0.4 in. (3006 10 mm). 300 6 10
39、mm (11.8 6 0.4in.). The thickness of three of the specimens shall be the same as that of the product or sample from which the specimens are taken.The thickness of the other three specimens shall be 1.00 6 0.06 in. (25.4 6 1.6 mm),25.4 6 1.6 mm (1.00 6 0.06 in.), providedthe material is greater than
40、1.00 in. (25.4 mm)25.4 mm (1.00 in.) in thickness. Specimens shall be cut to this size from thicker stockif appropriate. See 4.24.3.6.3 Specimen Preparation:6.3.1 Materials normally produced with natural skins or specially cut surfaces shall be tested with at least one skin or surfaceintact, and tha
41、t skin or surface shall be placed in contact with the water when the test is conducted. The test report shall containan appropriate note.corresponding information shall be provided in the test report.(a) Typical dimensions for an immersion tank(b) Typical dimensions for a noncorrosive support for th
42、e specimensFIG. 1 Immersion TankFIG. 2 Drainage Rack for Three SpecimensC1134 1736.3.2 Composite materials normally produced with facings or laminates mayshall be tested either with or without facings, asrequired by the appropriate material specification. The test report shall contain an appropriate
43、 note.corresponding information shallbe provided in the test report.6.3.3 Care must be taken to avoid making indentations Ensure that no indentations are made when handling specimens. Anyspecimens having surface indentations greater than 0.20 in. (5.0 mm)5.0 mm (0.20 in.) in depth or any specimens d
44、amaged duringpreparation shall be rejected and replaced by new specimens prior to testing.7. Procedure7.1 Measure test specimen dimensions (length, l, width, w, and thickness, t) to the nearest 0.01 in. (0.2 mm).0.2 mm (0.01 in.).Measure both the length and width at three different locations and the
45、 thickness at nine different locations, as shown in Fig. 4. Theaverage of each set of dimensions shall be used to calculate the volume, V, of the specimen.7.2 Record the initial mass of each specimen to the nearest 0.1 g, and condition the specimens to constant mass in the laboratoryat a temperature
46、 of 7323 6 4F (232C (73 6 2C)4F) and a relative humidity of 506 50 6 5 %.Allow at least 24 h for the initialconditioning period and then at least 4 h for each additional period as needed. Continue conditioning until specimens reach constantmass as indicated by a change in mass of 0.2 g or less betwe
47、en successive weighings. Record the dry mass, M0, of each specimento the nearest 0.1 g.7.3 Using nonabsorbent dummy blocks of the same size as the test specimens, adjust the support and constraining devices sothat the dummy blocks are horizontal and level. Make certain that the immersion tank is als
48、o level. Adjust the water level in theimmersion tank so that it is 0.39 6 0.06 in. (10.0 6 1.6 mm)10.0 6 1.6 mm (0.39 6 0.06 in.) above the bottom surface of thedummy blocks. Remove the dummy blocks and replace them with the actual test specimens. If necessary, add water to ensure thatthe specimens
49、are immersed to the required depth. If the immersion tank is not provided with an automatic adjustment for the waterlevel, add water at least once during each 24-h period to ensure that the specimens are immersed to the required depth.7.4 Remove and weigh the specimens at the following time intervals: 0.75 6 0.03 h, 3.00 6 0.15 h, and 168 6 4 h. These timesare required. Longer Use longer or intermediate immersion times may be used as needed to provide more information.7.4.1 Determine the mass of the weighing container to the nearest 0.1 g. Place each speci
