1、Designation: C 1136 06Standard Specification forFlexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for ThermalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1136; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l
2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers vapor retar
3、ders for thermalinsulation, specifically, flexible materials with permeance of0.10 perm or lower and surface burning characteristics of 25flame spread/50 smoke or lower. These materials are intendedfor use at surface temperatures of 20 to 150F (29 to 66C).It does not cover mastics or barrier coating
4、s applied in liquidform, nor materials intended for use as weather barriers.1.2 This specification provides physical requirements forvapor retarders. Practice C 755 provides assistance in solvingproblems related to moisture vapor transmission through ther-mal insulation materials.1.3 The values stat
5、ed in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for informa-tion only.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the testmethods portion only, Section 10, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if
6、 any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC
7、 755 Practice for Selection of Vapor Retarders for ThermalInsulationD 774/D 774M Test Method for Bursting Strength of PaperC 1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humid-ity Resistance of Vapor Retarders for InsulationC 1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible WaterVapor RetardersC
8、1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance ofInsulation Materials and FacingsD 828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper andPaperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-Elongation ApparatusD 882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin PlasticSheetingD 1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Cha
9、nges ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperatureE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE96 Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Mate-rials2.2 TAPPI Standards:T461 Flame Resistance of Treated Paper and Paperboard3. Terminology3.1 Definitio
10、nsDefinitions in Terminology C 168 apply toterms used in this specification.4. Classification4.1 Classification of vapor retarders is based on vaporretardance and strength properties, as listed in Table 1.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 It is possible to construct vapor retarders from anynumber of v
11、arious films, foils, cloths, papers, and reinforce-ments, alone or in combination, to achieve required perfor-mance.6. Physical Properties6.1 Maximum permeance for a specific type vapor retardershall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordance with10.1.6.2 All vapor retarders shall demonstrate
12、a flame spread of25 or less and smoke developed of 50 or less when testing thefinish side (the side opposite that contacting the insulation) inaccordance with 10.2.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommitte
13、e C16.33 onInsulation Finishes and Moisture.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C 113603a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.o
14、rg. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.3 Minimum tensile strength for a specific type vaporretarder s
15、hall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordancewith 10.3.6.4 Maximum dimensional change for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in Table 1, when tested in accor-dance with 10.4.6.5 All type vapor retarders shall not sustain growth of fungiwhen tested in accordance with 10.5.6.6 All
16、 type vapor retarders shall not crack or delaminate attemperatures from 20 to 150F (29 to 66C) when tested inaccordance with 10.6.6.7 Minimum burst strength for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordancewith 10.7.6.8 Vapor retarders containing paper or paper
17、 products shallnot demonstrate an increase in char length of more than 20 %when tested in accordance with 10.8.6.9 All type vapor retarders shall not corrode or delaminate,nor demonstrate, after exposure, a permeance greater than themaximum allowable for the type being tested, when tested inaccordan
18、ce with 10.9.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Dimensions for roll or sheeted materials shall be asspecified by the purchaser.7.2 Tolerance for roll materials shall be 618 in. (63 mm) onwidth and +5, 0 % on length.7.3 Tolerance for sheeted materials shall be 618 in. (63mm) on length
19、 and width.8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance8.1 There shall be no defects in materials or workmanshipthat will affect the required performance of the vapor retarder.8.2 There shall be no defects that adversely affect theappearance of the vapor retarder.8.3 There shall be no defects that would af
20、fect ability of userto process material.9. Significance and Use9.1 Entrapment of water in thermal insulation caused bycondensation of water vapor that has penetrated into theinsulation is detrimental to the thermal resistance of theinsulation. For this reason, in certain installations wheretemperatu
21、re and moisture conditions have the potential tocreate a vapor driving force toward the insulation, a deterrentto the passage of such vapor into the installed insulation needsto be provided. This is the primary function of the vaporretarder.9.2 In addition to the function stated in 9.1, a vapor reta
22、rderhas the potential to provide physical protection and addedstrength to the insulation system.9.3 This specification is used to specify material by physicalproperty requirements that address the above prerequisites. Thedesigner of an insulation system, after determining the degreeof protection nee
23、ded for the insulation, can use this specifica-tion to specify the appropriate type of vapor retarder when oneis required.10. Test Methods10.1 Water Vapor PermeanceTest water vapor permeancein accordance with Test Methods E96, Procedure A.10.2 Surface Burning CharacteristicsTest in accordancewith Te
24、st Method E84.10.3 Tensile Strength:10.3.1 Test the tensile strength of plastic sheet vapor retard-ers in accordance with Test Method D 882, with resultsreported in pounds per inch width of specimen (Newtons permillimetre width).10.3.2 Test the tensile strength of all other vapor retarders inaccorda
25、nce with Test Method D 828, with results reported inpounds per inch of specimen width (Newtons per millimetrewidth).10.3.3 Tested specimens shall be 2 in. (51 mm) wide with 1in. (25 mm) between jaws.10.3.4 Since the criterion for jaw breaks of Test MethodD 828 (a break within 1 in. of jaw) cannot be
26、 used with theabove specimen configuration, employ visual inspection andappropriate care to ensure that the clamping action is notinitiating breakage.10.4 Dimensional Stability:10.4.1 Test dimensional stability in accordance with TestMethod D 1204.10.4.2 Expose the specimens to a temperature of 150
27、6 4F(66 6 2C) for 24 h.10.5 Fungi Resistance:10.5.1 Test fungi resistance in accordance with Test MethodC 1338.10.5.2 For all tests, inoculate three specimens of the subjectsample. Growth on any of the three specimens constitutesfailure of the sample.10.5.3 Test both sides of laminated products that
28、 use dis-similar materials, with the exception of a metallic foil side,which need not be tested.10.5.4 Test either side of single layer products such aspolymeric films.TABLE 1 Physical Property RequirementsPhysical Properties Type I Type II Type III Type IV Type V Type VIPermeance, maxPerms (ngPa1s1
29、m2)0.02 (1.15) 0.02 (1.15) 0.10 (5.75) 0.10 (5.75) 0.02 (1.15) 0.03 (1.72)Burst Strength, minpsi (kPa)55 (380) 35 (240) 55 (380) 35 (240) 100 (690) 100 (690)Tensile, Machine Directionlb/in. width, min (N/mm width, min)45 (7.9) 30 (5.3) 45 (7.9) 30 (5.3) 40 (7.0) 20 (3.5)Tensile, Cross Directionlb/in
30、. width, min (N/mm width, min)30 (5.3) 20 (3.5) 30 (5.3) 20 (3.5) 60 (10.6) 30 (5.3)Dimensional Change, maxpercent0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 4.5 2.6C113606210.6 Thermal Integrity of Flexible Water Vapor RetardersTest in accordance with Test Method C 1263.10.7 Burst Strength of Vapor RetardersTest in accord
31、ancewith D 774/D 774M Test Method for Bursting Strength ofPaper.10.7.1 Since only one side of the vapor retarder materialwill be exposed in service, only that side need be evaluated forburst strength.10.8 Permanence of Flame RetardancyTest in accordancewith TAPPI Test T461, Flame Resistance of Treat
32、ed Paper andPaperboard.10.9 Elevated Temperature and Humidity Resistance ofVapor Retarders for InsulationTest in accordance with TestMethod C 1258.11. Sampling, Inspection, and Rejection of DefectiveMaterial11.1 A lot of material shall be considered to be the largestquantity of a specific vapor reta
33、rder received by the purchaserunder one order, or, it so designated by the manufacturer, thatquantity of products identified as the particular lot.11.2 Aunit of material shall be considered to be the smallestpackaged quantity of vapor retarder within a lot, that is, oneroll in a lot of rolls or one
34、bundle of sheets in a lot of sheetedmaterial.11.3 Inspection shall consist of any tests for specificationconformance the user deems necessary. Due to the impracti-cality of performing some tests on an inspection basis, the useris entitled to request certification to specific test requirements.11.4 I
35、ncoming lots shall be sampled at a minimum rate of5 % of units received for inspection.11.5 If any nonconformance to specification is detectedwithin the 5 % sample, increase sampling to 10 % of the lot.11.6 If 50 % or more of the 10 % sampled units is deter-mined to be defective, the lot shall be co
36、nsidered unacceptable.11.7 It shall be left to the discretion of the user whether tocontinue sampling for acceptable material. In any case, unitsfound defective shall be considered unacceptable and rejected.12. Certification12.1 When specified in the purchaser order or contract, thepurchaser shall b
37、e furnished certification that samples repre-senting each lot have been either tested or inspected as directedin this specification and the requirements have been met. Whenspecified in the purchaser order or contract, a report of theresults shall be furnished.12.2 Qualification RequirementsThe follo
38、wing require-ments are generally designated for initial product qualification:12.2.1 Permeance,12.2.2 Surface burning characteristics,12.2.3 Tensile strength,12.2.4 Dimensional stability,12.2.5 Fungi resistance,12.2.6 Thermal integrity,12.2.7 Burst Strength,12.2.8 Flame retardance permanence, and12.
39、2.9 Elevated temperature and humidity resistance.12.3 Inspection RequirementsThe following requirementsare generally designated for acceptance sampling of lots ofqualified products:12.3.1 Dimensions, and12.3.2 Workmanship and appearance.13. Product Marking13.1 The packaged vapor retarder material sh
40、all bear iden-tification including the following information:13.1.1 Manufacturer,13.1.2 Product designation,13.1.3 Roll or sheet dimensions, and13.1.4 Lot number.13.2 If required by the user, the packaged material shall beara marking of conformance to this specification, such as:ASTMC 1136, Type _.1
41、3.3 If required by the user, material which has beenclassified as to surface burning characteristics in accordancewith Test Method E84by an independent testing laboratoryagreed upon by both parties, shall bear the authorized label ormarking of that institution.14. Packaging14.1 Unless otherwise spec
42、ified, the material shall be sup-plied in the manufacturers standard commercial package.15. Keywords15.1 flexible; low permeance; thermal insulation; vaporretardersC1136063APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. PERMEANCE UNDER OTHER THAN STANDARD TEST CONDITIONSX1.1 Transmission of water vapor throug
43、h a vapor retarderis induced by a vapor pressure differential between sides of thevapor retarder, caused by different conditions of relativehumidity from side to side.X1.2 The resistance of materials to the passage of watermay change under varying vapor driving conditions, such ashigher or lower tem
44、peratures, higher or lower relative humiditydifferentials, or like differentials at different ranges (that is,50/0 % RH as opposed to 75/25 %RH).X1.3 For purposes of this specification, a standard testcondition is used, that of 73F (23C) with 50 % relativehumidity on one side and 0 % relative humidi
45、ty on the other.X1.4 It is conceivable that a material that meets a require-ment for permeance under the test conditions of the specifica-tion may not be adequate under actual conditions of use.X1.5 Since varying test conditions or conditions of use mayaffect performance (in this or any physical tes
46、ting), a user maydeem it necessary to evaluate a vapor retarder for permeanceunder conditions more closely approximating actual serviceconditions.X1.6 Considerations of such aspects as performance underconditions other than standard test conditions must be agreedupon between user and supplier and do
47、 not constitute a part ofthis specification.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and
48、 the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revisio
49、n of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or mul
