1、Designation: C1136 10Standard Specification forFlexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for ThermalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1136; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers vapor retarder
3、s for thermalinsulation, specifically, flexible materials with permeance of0.10 perm or lower and surface burning characteristics of 25flame spread/50 smoke or lower. These materials are intendedfor use at surface temperatures of 20 to 150F (29 to 66C).It does not cover mastics or barrier coatings a
4、pplied in liquidform, nor materials intended for use as weather barriers.1.2 This is a material specification and does not imply thatan installed system using these materials will provide thephysical properties specified in Section 6.1.3 This specification provides physical requirements forvapor ret
5、arders. Practice C755 provides assistance in solvingproblems related to moisture vapor transmission through ther-mal insulation materials.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided
6、 for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the testmethods portion only, Section 10, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of th
7、e userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC755 Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders forThermal
8、 InsulationD774/D774M Test Method for Bursting Strength of Paper3C1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humid-ity Resistance of Vapor Retarders for InsulationC1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible WaterVapor RetardersC1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance ofInsulatio
9、n Materials and FacingsD828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper andPaperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-Elongation Appara-tus3D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin PlasticSheetingD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemp
10、eratureE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterials2.2 TAPPI Standards:T461 Flame Resistance of Treated Paper and Paperboard3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions in Terminology C168 apply toterms used in thi
11、s specification.4. Classification4.1 Classification of vapor retarders is based on vaporretardance and strength properties, as listed in Table 1.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 It is possible to construct vapor retarders from anynumber of various films, foils, cloths, papers, and reinforce-ments, al
12、one or in combination, to achieve required perfor-mance.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 onInsulation Finishes and Moisture.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Origi
13、nallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C113609. DOI:10.1520/C1136-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Documen
14、t Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Physical Properties6.1 Maximum permeance for a specif
15、ic type vapor retardershall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordance with10.1.6.2 All vapor retarders shall demonstrate a flame spread of25 or less and smoke developed of 50 or less when testing thefinish side (the side opposite that contacting the insulation) inaccordance with 10.2.6.3 Mini
16、mum tensile strength for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordancewith 10.3.6.4 Maximum dimensional change for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in Table 1, when tested in accor-dance with 10.4.6.5 All type vapor retarders shall not sustain gr
17、owth of fungiwhen tested in accordance with 10.5.6.6 All type vapor retarders shall not crack or delaminate attemperatures from 20 to 150F (29 to 66C) when tested inaccordance with 10.6.6.7 Minimum burst strength for a specific type vaporretarder shall be as shown in Table 1 when tested in accordanc
18、ewith 10.7.6.8 Vapor retarders containing paper or paper products shallnot demonstrate an increase in char length of more than 20 %when tested in accordance with 10.8.6.9 All type vapor retarders shall not corrode or delaminate,nor demonstrate, after exposure, a permeance greater than themaximum all
19、owable for the type being tested, when tested inaccordance with 10.9.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Dimensions for roll or sheeted materials shall be asspecified by the purchaser.7.2 Tolerance for roll materials shall be 618 in. (63 mm) onwidth and +5, 0 % on length.7.3 Tolerance
20、 for sheeted materials shall be 618 in. (63mm) on length and width.8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance8.1 There shall be no defects in materials or workmanshipthat will affect the required performance of the vapor retarder.8.2 There shall be no defects that adversely affect theappearance of the va
21、por retarder.8.3 There shall be no defects that would affect ability of userto process material.9. Significance and Use9.1 Entrapment of water in thermal insulation caused bycondensation of water vapor that has penetrated into theinsulation is detrimental to the thermal resistance of theinsulation.
22、For this reason, in certain installations wheretemperature and moisture conditions have the potential tocreate a vapor driving force toward the insulation, a deterrentto the passage of such vapor into the installed insulation needsto be provided. This is the primary function of the vaporretarder.9.2
23、 In addition to the function stated in 9.1, a vapor retarderhas the potential to provide physical protection and addedstrength to the insulation system.9.3 This specification is used to specify material by physicalproperty requirements that address the above prerequisites. Thedesigner of an insulati
24、on system, after determining the degreeof protection needed for the insulation, can use this specifica-tion to specify the appropriate type of vapor retarder when oneis required.10. Test Methods10.1 Water Vapor PermeanceTest water vapor permeancein accordance with Test Methods E96/E96M, Procedure A.
25、10.2 Surface Burning CharacteristicsTest in accordancewith Test Method E84.10.3 Tensile Strength:10.3.1 Test the tensile strength of plastic sheet vapor retard-ers in accordance with Test Method D882, with results reportedin pounds per inch width of specimen (Newtons per millimetrewidth).10.3.2 Test
26、 the tensile strength of all other vapor retarders inaccordance with Test Method D828, with results reported inpounds per inch of specimen width (Newtons per millimetrewidth).10.3.3 Tested specimens shall be 2 in. (51 mm) wide with 1in. (25 mm) between jaws.10.3.4 Since the criterion for jaw breaks
27、of Test MethodD828 (a break within 1 in. of jaw) cannot be used with theabove specimen configuration, employ visual inspection andappropriate care to ensure that the clamping action is notinitiating breakage.10.4 Dimensional Stability:10.4.1 Test dimensional stability in accordance with TestMethod D
28、1204.TABLE 1 Physical Property RequirementsAPhysical Properties Type I Type II Type III Type IV Type VII Type VIIIPermeance, maxPerms (ngPa1s1m2)0.02 (1.15) 0.02 (1.15) 0.10 (5.75) 0.10 (5.75) 0.01 (0.58) 0.02 (1.15)Burst Strength, minpsi (kPa)55 (380) 35 (240) 55 (380) 35 (240) 70 (483) 60 (414)Ten
29、sile, Machine Directionlb/in. width, min (N/mm width, min)45 (7.9) 30 (5.3) 45 (7.9) 30 (5.3) 11 (1.9) 8 (1.4)Tensile, Cross Directionlb/in. width, min (N/mm width, min)30 (5.3) 20 (3.5) 30 (5.3) 20 (3.5) 10 (1.7) 7 (1.2)Dimensional Change, maxpercent0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1 1ATypes V and VI were delet
30、ed in 2010 because these materials are no longer produced and were replaced with Types VII and VIII.C1136 10210.4.2 Expose the specimens to a temperature of 150 6 4F(66 6 2C) for 24 h.10.5 Fungi Resistance:10.5.1 Test fungi resistance in accordance with Test MethodC1338.10.5.2 For all tests, inocula
31、te three specimens of the subjectsample. Growth on any of the three specimens constitutesfailure of the sample.10.5.3 Test both sides of laminated products that use dis-similar materials, with the exception of a metallic foil side,which need not be tested.10.5.4 Test either side of single layer prod
32、ucts such aspolymeric films.10.6 Thermal Integrity of Flexible Water Vapor RetardersTest in accordance with Test Method C1263.10.7 Burst Strength of Vapor RetardersTest in accordancewith D774/D774MTest Method for Bursting Strength of Paper.10.7.1 Since only one side of the vapor retarder materialwil
33、l be exposed in service, only that side need be evaluated forburst strength.10.8 Permanence of Flame RetardancyTest in accordancewith TAPPI Test T461, Flame Resistance of Treated Paper andPaperboard.10.9 Elevated Temperature and Humidity Resistance ofVapor Retarders for InsulationTest in accordance
34、with TestMethod C1258.11. Sampling, Inspection, and Rejection of DefectiveMaterial11.1 A lot of material shall be considered to be the largestquantity of a specific vapor retarder received by the purchaserunder one order, or, it so designated by the manufacturer, thatquantity of products identified
35、as the particular lot.11.2 Aunit of material shall be considered to be the smallestpackaged quantity of vapor retarder within a lot, that is, oneroll in a lot of rolls or one bundle of sheets in a lot of sheetedmaterial.11.3 Inspection shall consist of any tests for specificationconformance the user
36、 deems necessary. Due to the impracti-cality of performing some tests on an inspection basis, the useris entitled to request certification to specific test requirements.11.4 Incoming lots shall be sampled at a minimum rate of5 % of units received for inspection.11.5 If any nonconformance to specific
37、ation is detectedwithin the 5 % sample, increase sampling to 10 % of the lot.11.6 If 50 % or more of the 10 % sampled units is deter-mined to be defective, the lot shall be considered unacceptable.11.7 It shall be left to the discretion of the user whether tocontinue sampling for acceptable material
38、. In any case, unitsfound defective shall be considered unacceptable and rejected.12. Certification12.1 When specified in the purchaser order or contract, thepurchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-senting each lot have been either tested or inspected as directedin this specifi
39、cation and the requirements have been met. Whenspecified in the purchaser order or contract, a report of theresults shall be furnished.12.2 Qualification RequirementsThe following require-ments are generally designated for initial product qualification:12.2.1 Permeance,12.2.2 Surface burning charact
40、eristics,12.2.3 Tensile strength,12.2.4 Dimensional stability,12.2.5 Fungi resistance,12.2.6 Thermal integrity,12.2.7 Burst Strength,12.2.8 Flame retardance permanence, and12.2.9 Elevated temperature and humidity resistance.12.3 Inspection RequirementsThe following requirementsare generally designat
41、ed for acceptance sampling of lots ofqualified products:12.3.1 Dimensions, and12.3.2 Workmanship and appearance.13. Product Marking13.1 The packaged vapor retarder material shall bear iden-tification including the following information:13.1.1 Manufacturer,13.1.2 Product designation,13.1.3 Roll or sh
42、eet dimensions, and13.1.4 Lot number.13.2 If required by the user, the packaged material shall beara marking of conformance to this specification, such as:ASTMC1136, Type _.13.3 If required by the user, material which has beenclassified as to surface burning characteristics in accordancewith Test Me
43、thod E84 by an independent testing laboratoryagreed upon by both parties, shall bear the authorized label ormarking of that institution.14. Packaging14.1 Unless otherwise specified, the material shall be sup-plied in the manufacturers standard commercial package.15. Keywords15.1 flexible; low permea
44、nce; thermal insulation; vaporretardersC1136 103APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. PERMEANCE UNDER OTHER THAN STANDARD TEST CONDITIONSX1.1 Transmission of water vapor through a vapor retarderis induced by a vapor pressure differential between sides of thevapor retarder, caused by different condit
45、ions of relativehumidity from side to side.X1.2 The resistance of materials to the passage of watermay change under varying vapor driving conditions, such ashigher or lower temperatures, higher or lower relative humiditydifferentials, or like differentials at different ranges (that is,50/0 % RH as o
46、pposed to 75/25 %RH).X1.3 For purposes of this specification, a standard testcondition is used, that of 73F (23C) with 50 % relativehumidity on one side and 0 % relative humidity on the other.X1.4 It is conceivable that a material that meets a require-ment for permeance under the test conditions of
47、the specifica-tion may not be adequate under actual conditions of use.X1.5 Since varying test conditions or conditions of use mayaffect performance (in this or any physical testing), a user maydeem it necessary to evaluate a vapor retarder for permeanceunder conditions more closely approximating act
48、ual serviceconditions.X1.6 Considerations of such aspects as performance underconditions other than standard test conditions must be agreedupon between user and supplier and do not constitute a part ofthis specification.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent right
49、s asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM I
