1、Designation: C1154 06 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Terminology forNon-Asbestos Fiber-Reinforced Cement Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1154; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard covers definitions pertaining to non-asbestos fiber-reinforced cement products under the jurisdic-tion of C
3、ommittee C17.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C150 Specification for Portland CementC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC966 Guide for Installing Asbestos-Cement NonpressurePipeC1185 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Non-Asbestos F
4、iber-Cement Flat Sheet, Roofing and SidingShingles, and ClapboardsC1186 Specification for Flat Fiber-Cement SheetsC1449 Specification for Non-Asbestos Fiber-Cement Non-pressure Sewer PipeD1118 Test Method for Magnetic Rating of Asbestos Fiberand Asbestos Textiles3. Terminologyaccessories, nsubordina
5、te material such as fasteners, backerstrips, closure strips, ridge and corner rolls, roofing startersand finishing pieces, couplings, gaskets, pipe fittings or othersupplementary material necessary for the proper applicationof primary fiber-reinforced cement products.American method, n in shingles,
6、a method of applicationfor roofing shingles, generally rectangular in shape, toprovide double coverage with head lap and no side lap.AOQL, nThe average outgoing quality limit of a samplingplan is the maximum value of the proportion defectiveaccepted on average by that plan. AOQL is the maximumvalue
7、of the multiplicand of the proportion nonconformingand the probability of acceptance from the sampling planoperating characteristic.asphalt felt, breather type, nan underlayment sheet mate-rial saturated with asphalt, which allows the transmission ofwater vapor.autoclaved products, nthose that have
8、been treated in asaturated steam atmosphere at between 620 and 1517 kPa(90 and 220 psi,) for at least 6 h, and that contain portlandcement as defined in Specifications C150 and C618 togetherwith silica in the ratio of 3:2 that can react to form calciumsilicate reaction products.backer strips, n in s
9、hingles, water-repellent strips ofasphalt-coated felt applied behind each joint where thevertical edges of two shingles meet.batten, na long narrow strip, either flat or corrugated, usedto conceal the joints in butt joint application of flat orcorrugated sheets.caulking, na material ranging in physi
10、cal characteristicsfrom plastic, to solid, to preformed, used to seal andwaterproof joints and overlaps in structures, other assem-blies, or portions thereof where movement may occur.cement-bonded particle board, nmanufactured flat sheetsof hydraulic cementitious matrices and fibrous wood par-ticles
11、.clip, nin shinglesSee storm anchor.closure strip, nan asphalt or rubber preformed filler striphaving the same shape and pitch as the corrugated product,used to close openings in the corrugated sheets at windowbeads, eaves, lower edge of siding, and similar pacted backfill, n in pipe laying, backfil
12、l materialwhich has been compacted to the density specified by theengineer.conduit, npipe used to protect wires for electric-power orcommunication systems, for both underground and exposedsituations.constructor, n in pipe laying, the party that furnishes thework and materials for placement and insta
13、llation.corner rolls, nhalf-round units used to trim and flash cornersin corrugated application.corrugated, adjpertaining to a sheet product having a designof sinusoidal alternating ridges and valleys manufacturedaccording to a specific pitch.coupling, nin fiber-cement nonpressure sewer pipe, a sect
14、ionfor joining nonpressure sewer pipe, that when properly1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Reinforced Cement Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC17.91 on Editorial and Terminology.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published January 2
15、012. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C115406. DOI:10.1520/C1154-06R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the stan
16、dards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.installed with the proper accessories, develops an assembledjoint equivalent in serviceability and strength to the pipesections, when test
17、ed in accordance with 6.3.1 of Specifica-tion C1449.coupling, nin fiber-cement conduit, underdrain and stormdrain pipe, component made from a larger diameter pipe ofthe same type or class, or of Type II and a higher class, orproduced otherwise to yield at least equal performance, forjoining fiber-ce
18、ment pipe that when properly installed, formsa silt tight joint, allows alignment corrections and slightchanges in direction, and provides an assembled jointequivalent in serviceability and strength to the pipe sections.Alternatively, for storm drain couplings, sleeves made fromother materials that,
19、 when properly installed, develop suffi-cient tightness to prevent the surrounding soil from enteringthe drain, may be used as couplings.crushing strength, n for pipes, a property of solid materialthat indicates its ability to withstand collapse from external,compressive loads.cure, nthe reaction me
20、chanism in which the physical,chemical and mechanical properties of a hydraulic cementchange through the phases of slurry-paste-solid with time,with or without external heat, in the presence of water.cure, air or ambient, nthe method of setting or hardeningproducts wherein the portland cement is all
21、owed to hydrateat atmospheric conditions of pressure, preferably underconditions to inhibit water and heat loss.cure, autoclave, na means for accelerating the cure reactionat elevated temperature and pressure in saturated steam,where reactive siliceous material has been incorporated intothe cementit
22、ious matrix, such that a hydrothermal reactiontakes place between the cement and silica yielding calciumsilicate.curing agent, nan additive incorporated in the constituentsof products producing a change in chemical activity betweenthe cementitious components with an increase or decrease inthe rate o
23、f cure.deflection, nthe linear distance that a test specimen bends atthe center from no load to stated load, when loaded as abeam with the load applied at the center of the span.density, nmass per unit volume expressed in g/cm3or lb/ft3.drawings, nin pipe laying, drawings prepared by the pur-chaser
24、to show the location and details for the constructionof the pipeline and appurtenances.Dutch or Scotch method, n in shingles, a method ofapplication for roofing shingles which are rectangular inshape and lap at the top and one side to form either a squareor rectangular pattern.efflorescence (bloom),
25、 na white powdery substance occur-ring on the surface of products and caused by the migrationof soluble salts, followed by precipitation of calcium hy-droxide at the surface followed by an atmospheric carbon-ation.engineer, nin pipe laying, the person, firm, corporation, orgovernment agency acting f
26、or the owner as his duly autho-rized agent in the designing and engineering of the project.fiber, nin fiber-cement, any material in a form such that it hasa minimum length to average maximum transverse dimen-sion of 10 to 1, a maximum cross-sectional area of5.06 3 102mm2(corresponding to a circular
27、cross sectionof 0.254 mm in diameter) and a maximum transversedimension of 0.254 mm.fiber, nin fiber-reinforced cement, any material in a formsuch that it has an aspect ration of at least 10 and a typicaltransverse dimension less than 2 mm.fiber-cement products, nmanufactured thin section com-posite
28、s of hydraulic cementitious matrices and discretenon-asbestos fibers.fiber-mat reinforced products, n manufactured thin sectioncomposites of hydraulic cementitious matrices and non-asbestos fibers in two-dimensional scrim(s).fiber-reinforced, adjimparting improved properties to hy-draulic cement mat
29、rices due to the inclusion of fibers.fibrous, adjpertaining to, consisting of, or containing fibers.filler, nan inert inorganic material used as an extender ormineral diluent in the constituents of products which doesnot add to the cementitious value of the cement.fitting, nfor pipes, component such
30、 as wyes, tees, andadaptors for use in laying pipe, such that, when properlyinstalled yields an assembly equivalent in serviceability andstrength to the pipe sections.fitting, nfor conduit, component such as adapters, reducers,increasers, bends and bell ends, for use in laying conduit andmade to suc
31、h dimensions as will provide equivalent strengthand silt-tight joints when assembled with the conduit.flat sheets, Type A, nsheet intended for exterior applica-tions, where it may be subjected to the direct action of sun,rain, or snow, and when tested in accordance with TestMethods C1185, does demon
32、strate compliance with Speci-fication C1186.flat sheets, Type B, nsheet intended for exterior applicationswhere it will not be subjected to the direct action of sun, rain,or snow, and when tested in accordance with Test MethodsC1185, does demonstrate compliance with SpecificationC1186.flexural stren
33、gth, n in bulkheading, the transverse breakingload in newtons per meter of width (lbf/ft of width) ofsaturated sheets when loaded on a span of 1.524 m (5 ft) withthe load applied equally and simultaneously at both one-third points of the span.flexural strength, n in plastic-foam core insulating pane
34、ls,the average breaking load in newtons (or lbf) of specimensconditioned at 50 % relative humidity, loaded as simplebeams with the load applied equally and simultaneously atboth one-third points of the span.flexural strength, n in flat sheet, the average breaking loadin newtons (or lbf) per metre (f
35、oot) of width of driedspecimens loaded as simple beams on a span of 254 mm (10in.) with the load applied at the center of the span.flexural strength, n in corrugated sheets, the averagebreaking load in newtons per meter of width (or lbfft ofwidth) of dried specimens loaded as simple beams on a762-mm
36、 (30-in.) span with the load applied equally andsimultaneously at both one-third points of the span.C1154 06 (2011)2DISCUSSIONThe flexural performance is defined as the momentcapacity in Nm/m (or ftlbf/ft) of width obtained from the product offlexural strength and span divided by 6.flexural strength
37、, n in pipe, the ability of a standard pipelongitudinal section to withstand external loads that bear onthe pipe transversely to its longitudinal axis and inducebending.free lime, nuncombined calcium hydroxide.French or hexagonal method, nin shingles, a method ofapplication for asbestos-cement roofi
38、ng, whereby theshingles have at least three corners clipped so that when theyare laid with their diagonals perpendicular to the eave of theroof, they lap at the top and sides to form a hexagonalpattern.grade, nsubdivision of flat sheets based on minimum wetand equilibrium flexural strengths.granules
39、, nsmall ceramic or natural colored mineral pelletsor grains applied to products to lend color to the surface.headlap, nin shingles, the shortest distance between thelower edge of an overlapping shingle or sheet and the upperedge of the lapped unit in the second course below (see Fig.1).hip and ridg
40、e, finishing pieces, nin shingles, rectangularpieces of roofing shingles cut to a flare or taper and appliedwith a side lap to conceal the joint of roofing shingles alongthe hips and ridge of a roof.hydrostatic strength, n in pipes, the ability of the pipe andcoupling sleeve to withstand the forces
41、resulting frominternal pressure.inspector, nin pipe laying, an authorized representative ofthe engineer, or owner, assigned to make any and allnecessary inspections of the work performed, includingmaterials and equipment furnished.lap cement, nthe cementitious material used to seal the sideand end l
42、aps of corrugated roofing.louver blade, na shaped asbestos-cement product used toguard ventilation ports.manufacturer, nthe party that manufactures, fabricates, orproduces materials or products.owner, nin pipe laying, the person, firm, corporation, orgovernment agency entering into contract with the
43、 contrac-tor for the installation of pipe and accessories.package unit, n in pipe laying, several units of pipe boundtogether for the purpose of being transported and, whendesired, unloaded at the job site.pitch, nin cooling tower fill, the wave length of corrugatedproducts.plans and specifications,
44、 nin pipe laying, documents pre-pared by the engineer or owner, or both, stipulating work tobe done and materials to be used which, combined with othercontract documents and Guide C966, form the basis for acomprehensive contract between the owner and the contrac-tor.pressed products, n in cooling to
45、wer fill, includes those thatare pressed singly or in stacks interlayered with templates, ata minimum pressure of 12 MPa (1740 psi).purchaser, nin pipe laying, the person, company, or organi-zation that purchases any materials or work to be performed.ranch type, adj in shingles, pertaining to a type
46、 of roofing,rectangular in shape, that is lapped at the top and one side.ridge roll, na half-round section applied along the hips andridge of a roof to conceal and waterproof the apex joint ofthe roofing material.side lap, nthe shortest horizontal distance between theexposed side edge of a course of
47、 roofing or siding materialand the nearest underlying area of roof deck or side wall notcovered by the preceding adjacent course.silica, npulverized silicon dioxide (SiO2) used as a filler ora part of the cementitious material.slaters cement, na type of caulking compound, usuallygray in color, and u
48、sed to cover exposed bolt heads or at theside and end laps of corrugated roofing and in other placeswhere water-resistant putty-like material is desired.slope, nin roofing, the incline of a roof expressed as a ratioof the height in millimetres (inches) of vertical rise perhorizontal distance in metr
49、es (feet).standard, primary, none whose calibration is determinedby measurement according to specified parameters.standard, secondary, nstandard calibrated by reference toanother standard such as a primary, reference, laboratory, orworking standard.starters, nin shingles, lateral sections of roofing shinglesapplied beneath the first course of shingles with slightoverhang at the eaves.storm anchor (clip), n in shingles, a corrosion-resistantmetal fastener with a flat base and a shank that fastens
