1、Designation: C 1157/C 1157M 09Standard Performance Specification forHydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1157/C 1157M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This performance specification covers hydraulic ce-ments for both general and special applications. There are norestrictions on the com
3、position of the cement or its constituents(See Note 1).NOTE 1There are two related hydraulic cement standards, Specifica-tion C 150 for portland cement and Specifications C 595 for blendedcements, both of which contain prescriptive and performance require-ments1.2 This performance specification clas
4、sifies cements basedon specific requirements for general use, high early strength,resistance to attack by sulfates, and heat of hydration. Optionalrequirements are provided for the property of low reactivitywith alkali-silica-reactive aggregates.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound
5、 unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard. Values in SI units or inch-pound units s
6、hallbe obtained by measurement in SI units or inch-pound unitsor by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversionand Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurementsmade in other units or SI units. Values are stated in only SIunits when inch-pound units are not used in practice.1.4 The te
7、xt of this standard refers to notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements ofthe standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
8、responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-i
9、n. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC 150 Specification for Portland CementC 151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of HydraulicCementC 183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing ofHydraulic CementC 185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydrauli
10、c CementMortarC 186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of HydraulicCementC 188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC 191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of HydraulicCement by Vicat NeedleC 204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement byAir-Permeability ApparatusC 219 Terminology Relating
11、 to Hydraulic CementC 227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity ofCement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C 359 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Ce-ment (Mortar Method)C 430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement bythe 45-m (No. 325) SieveC 441 Test Method for Effec
12、tiveness of Pozzolans orGround Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Ex-pansion of Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica ReactionC 451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Ce-ment (Paste Method)C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC 596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Morta
13、r Con-taining Hydraulic Cement1This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeC01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 onHydraulic Cements for General Concrete Construction.Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originall
14、yapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 1157 08a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AS
15、TM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.C 1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC 1038 Test Me
16、thod for Expansion of Hydraulic CementMortar Bars Stored in WaterIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology C 219.4. Classification and Use4.1 The
17、types of hydraulic cement covered by this specifi-cation are given in 4.2.1-4.2.6 and are classified in accordancewith specific properties defined in Table 1 (See Note 2).NOTE 2This specification is based on hydraulic cement attributesrelated to concrete performance, including strength development,
18、sulfateresistance, heat of hydration, and resistance to alkali-silica reactivity.Concrete performance is dependent on many factors such as characteris-tics of other concrete materials, mix design, production, handling, andenvironmental conditions. For performance properties of concrete, includ-ing p
19、ermeability, resistance to freeze-thaw cycles and deicer salt scaling,additional information may be obtained through the use of comparativetesting of concretes.4.2 Cements conforming to this specification shall be des-ignated in accordance with the nomenclature with specialcharacteristics indicated
20、by type in accordance with the typesin 4.2.1-4.2.6. When the type is not specified, the requirementsof type GU shall apply.4.2.1 Type GU Hydraulic cement for general construc-tion. Use when one or more of the special types are notrequired.4.2.2 Type HEHigh Early-Strength.4.2.3 Type MSModerate Sulfat
21、e Resistance.4.2.4 Type HSHigh Sulfate Resistance.4.2.5 Type MHModerate Heat of Hydration.4.2.6 Type LHLow Heat of Hydration.4.3 Additional OptionThe following additional purchaseoption applies for any of the principal types listed. When thisoption is invoked, its letter designation and title shall
22、followTABLE 1 Standard Physical RequirementsCement TypeApplicableTest MethodGU HE MS HS MH LHFineness C 204AAAAAAAutoclave length change, max, % C 151 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80Time of setting, vicat testBC 191Initial, not less than, minutes 45 45 45 45 45 45Initial, not more than, minutes 420 42
23、0 420 420 420 420Air content of mortar volume, % C 185CCCCCCCompressive strengthminimum, MPa psiDC 109/C 109M1 day . 12 1740 . . . .3 days 13 1890 24 3480 11 1600 11 1600 5 725 .7 days 20 2900 . 18 2610 18 2610 11 1600 11 160028 days 28 4060 . . 25 3620 . 21 3050Heat of hydration C 1867 days, max, k
24、J/kg kcal/kg28 days, max, kJ/kg kcal/kg.290 70.250 60290 70Mortar bar expansion C 103814 days, % max 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020Sulfate expansion(sulfate resistance)EC 10126 months, max, %1 year, max, %.0.10.0.050.10.Optionial Physical RequirementsOption RLow reactivity withalkali-silica-rea
25、ctive aggregatesFC 227Expansion at14 days, max, %56 days, max, %0.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.060Early stiffening, finalpenetration, min,%C 451 50 50 50 50 50 50Compressive strength,D28 days, min, MPaC 109/C 109M . . 28.0 . 22.0 .Drying Shrinkage, % C 596 .G.G.G.G.G.GABoth
26、 amount retained when wet sieved on the 45-m (No. 325) sieve and specific surface area by air permeability apparatus in m2/kg shall be reported on all certificatesof test results requested from the manufacturer.BTime of setting refers to initial setting time in Test Method C 191.CAir content shall b
27、e reported on all certificates of test results requested from the manufacturer. A given value in mortar does not necessarily assure that the desiredair content will be obtained in concrete.DCements may be shipped prior to later-age test data being available. In such cases, the test value may be left
28、 blank. Alternatively, the manufacturer can generallyprovide estimates based on historical production data. The report shall indicate if such estimates are provided.EIn the testing of HS cement, testing at one year shall not be required when the cement meets the 6 month limit. An HS cement failing t
29、he 6 month limit shall not berejected unless it also fails the one year limit.FCompliance with this requirement shall not be requested unless the cement will be used with alkali-reactive aggregate.GAt the request of the purchaser, data on drying shrinkage shall be supplied.C 1157/C 1157M 092immediat
30、ely after the respective letter designation and title ofthe principal type (for example, Type MS(R).4.3.1 Option RLow Reactivity with alkali-silica-reactiveaggregates. When tested for potential activity with reactiveaggregates, the cement shall meet the requirements of Table 1for Option R.5. Orderin
31、g Information5.1 Orders for cement meeting the requirements of thisspecification shall include:5.1.1 The specification designationASTM C 1157, and date,5.1.2 The type of cement required. If no type is specified,Type GU shall be supplied.5.1.3 A statement that an option is invoked, when such isdesire
32、d, and5.1.4 Manufacturers certification, if required.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The chemical composition for the cement is not speci-fied. However, the cement shall be analyzed for informationalpurposes.7. Physical Properties7.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform to all of theapplicable stan
33、dard physical requirements of Table 1.7.2 When optional requirements are specified, the cementshall conform to the applicable optional limits of Table 1.8. Sampling8.1 When the purchaser requires that the cement be sampledand tested to verify compliance with this specification, samplein accordance w
34、ith Practice C 183. Provide adequate facilitiesfor sampling the finished cement. Sample the finished cementat the mill or at the site of transfer of ownership as may bespecified by the purchaser.8.2 Practice C 183 is not designed for manufacturing qualitycontrol and is not required for manufacturers
35、 certification.9. Test Methods9.1 When testing a cement for compliance with this speci-fication, or for general characterization, use the followingmethods, with modifications or exceptions as indicated.9.2 Chemical AnalysisChemically analyze the cementusing Test Methods C114for major and minor oxide
36、s presentin greatest quantity that together, including loss-on-ignition,constitute at least 98 % of the total mass of the cement.9.3 Fineness:9.3.1 Determine fineness by Test Method C 204.9.3.2 Determine amount retained on the 45-m (No. 325)sieve by Test Method C 430.9.4 Determine autoclave expansio
37、n by Test Method C 151,except that for cements with 1-day compressive strengthsanticipated to be below 3.4 MPa 500 psi, store the testspecimen in a moist cabinet for a period of 48 h beforedemolding and measuring their length.9.5 Determine the time of setting using Test Method C 191.Only the time of
38、 initial setting is required.9.6 Test the mortar for air content using Test Method C 185using the actual density of the cement, as determined by TestMethod C 188, if it differs from 3.15 Mg/m3by more than 0.05Mg/m3.9.7 Determine compressive strength using Test MethodC 109/C 109M. Tests shall be cond
39、ucted at each age specifiedin Table 1.9.8 Determine heat of hydration using Test Method C 186.9.9 Determine sulfate resistance using Test Method C 1012.9.10 Determine reactivity of cement with alkali-silica-reactive aggregate (Option R) using Test Method C 227 usingcrushed borosilicate glass, as des
40、cribed in Test Method C 441,as aggregate.9.11 Determine early stiffening using Test Method C 451(See Note 3).NOTE 3Additional characterization information may be obtained withTest Method C 359.9.12 Determine mortar bar expansion using Test MethodC 1038 using a 14-day immersion period.9.13 Determine
41、drying shrinkage using Test Method C 596.10. Testing Time Requirements10.1 The purchaser shall make necessary arrangements forshipment of samples to the testing laboratory. Add the timerequired for transport to the laboratory to the minimum timeintervals allowed from receipt of the samples by the te
42、stinglaboratory.10.2 The minimum time allowed from receipt of samples bythe testing laboratory to the report of test results shall bedetermined by the required age of specimen at the time oftesting plus seven days.10.3 A written report of results of applicable tests shall beavailable within not more
43、 than three days of the intervalindicated in 10.2.10.4 These time limits do not apply to retesting or additionaltesting. Such testing shall not provide the basis for initialacceptance or rejection of the cement (See Note 4).NOTE 4Aging effects on small samples of cement stored for longperiods of tim
44、e can produce test results that are not representative of thefresh cement nor of cement stored in large quantity for equal periods oftime.11. Testing by the Manufacturer11.1 Test samples of cement for compliance with thisspecification, and for chemical analysis and fineness. Locationand frequency of
45、 sampling are at the discretion of the manu-facturer and are permitted to be changed upon agreementbetween the purchaser and supplier. Sampling and testing shallbe either part of, or in addition to, the manufacturers normalquality control.11.2 Special Testing:11.2.1 The following requirements for te
46、sting apply only totests for sulfate resistance and low reactivity with alkali-silica-reactive aggregates.11.2.1.1 For sulfate resistance of Types MS and HS and forOption R of any cement, make tests at least once every 12months.C 1157/C 1157M 0931. Retest if the amount of an ingredient making up 10
47、%by mass or more of the cement is changed by 6 5 % or moreby mass (See Note 5).NOTE 5For example, if the cement met the applicable requirementwith a slag or fly ash content of 25 % by mass, retesting is required if theslag or fly ash content is changed beyond the range of 20 to 30 %.2. Retest if the
48、 amount of an ingredient making up lessthan 10 % by mass of the cement is changed by 6 50 % ormore of the amount previously shown to satisfy the applicablerequirements (See Note 6).NOTE 6For example, if the cement met the applicable requirementwith a silica fume content of 5 % by mass, retesting is
49、required if the silicafume content is changed beyond the range of 2.5 to 7.5 %.3. Retest if the mass % of SiO2or CaO in the cement, orif the mass % of CaO or SiO2in an ingredient making up 10 %by mass or more of the cement, is changed by 6 3 % or moreby mass (See Note 7).NOTE 7For example, if the SiO2content of the cement met therequirement at 20 % by mass of the cement, retesting is required if theSiO2content changes beyond the range of 17 to 23 %.12. Inspection12.1 Inspection of the material s
