1、Designation: C1157/C1157M 11Standard Performance Specification forHydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1157/C1157M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe
2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This performance specification covers hydraulic ce-ments for both general and special applications. There are norestrictions on the composi
3、tion of the cement or its constituents(See Note 1).NOTE 1There are two related hydraulic cement standards, Specifica-tion C150 for portland cement and Specifications C595 for blendedcements, both of which contain prescriptive and performance require-ments1.2 This performance specification classifies
4、 cements basedon specific requirements for general use, high early strength,resistance to attack by sulfates, and heat of hydration. Optionalrequirements are provided for the property of low reactivitywith alkali-silica-reactive aggregates and for air-entrainingcements.1.3 The values stated in eithe
5、r SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard. Values in SI uni
6、ts or inch-pound units shallbe obtained by measurement in SI units or inch-pound unitsor by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversionand Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurementsmade in other units or SI units. Values are stated in only SIunits when inch-pound units are not use
7、d in practice.1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements ofthe standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated
8、 with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cem
9、ent Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC150 Specification for Portland CementC151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of HydraulicCementC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing ofHydraulic CementC185 Test Method for Air C
10、ontent of Hydraulic CementMortarC186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of HydraulicCementC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of HydraulicCement by Vicat NeedleC204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement byAir-Permeability ApparatusC219 Termino
11、logy Relating to Hydraulic CementC227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity ofCement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C359 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement(Mortar Method)C430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the45-m (No. 325) SieveC441 Test Method fo
12、r Effectiveness of Pozzolans orGround Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Ex-pansion of Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica ReactionC451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement(Paste Method)C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mor
13、tar Contain-ing Hydraulic CementC1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate Solution1This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeC01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 onHydraulic Cements for Genera
14、l Concrete Construction.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published October 2011. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C115710. DOI:10.1520/C1157_C1157M-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at s
15、erviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
16、United States.C1038 Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic CementMortar Bars Stored in WaterIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology C219.4. Clas
17、sification and Use4.1 The types of hydraulic cement covered by this specifi-cation are given in 4.2.1-4.2.6 and are classified in accordancewith specific properties defined in Table 1 (See Note 2).NOTE 2This specification is based on hydraulic cement attributesrelated to concrete performance, includ
18、ing strength development, sulfateresistance, heat of hydration, and resistance to alkali-silica reactivity.Concrete performance is dependent on many factors such as characteris-tics of other concrete materials, mix design, production, handling, andenvironmental conditions. For performance properties
19、 of concrete, includ-ing permeability, resistance to freeze-thaw cycles and deicer salt scaling,additional information may be obtained through the use of comparativetesting of concretes.4.2 Cements conforming to this specification shall be des-ignated in accordance with the nomenclature with special
20、characteristics indicated by type in accordance with the typesin 4.2.1-4.2.6. When the type is not specified, the requirementsof type GU shall apply.4.2.1 Type GUHydraulic cement for general construction.Use when one or more of the special types are not required.4.2.2 Type HEHigh Early-Strength.TABL
21、E 1 Standard Physical RequirementsCement TypeApplicableTest MethodGU HE MS HS MH LHFineness C204,C430AAAAAAAutoclave length change, max, % C151 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80Time of setting, vicat testBC191Initial, not less than, minutes 45 45 45 45 45 45Initial, not more than, minutes 420 420 420 42
22、0 420 420Air content of mortar volume, max, %CC185 12 12 12 12 12 12Compressive strengthminimum, MPa psiDC109/C109M1 day . 12.0 1740 . . . .3 days 13.0 1890 24.0 3480 11.0 1600 11.0 1600 5.0 725 .7 days 20.0 2900 . 18.0 2610 18.0 2610 11.0 1600 11.0 160028 days 28.0 4060 . . 25.0 3620 . 21.0 3050Hea
23、t of hydration C1867 days, max, kJ/kg kcal/kg28 days, max, kJ/kg kcal/kg.290 70.250 60290 70Mortar bar expansion C103814 days, % max 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020Sulfate expansion(sulfate resistance)EC10126 months, max, %1 year, max, %.0.10.0.050.10.Optional Physical RequirementsOption AAir en
24、trainingC,FC185Air content ofmortar, vol %max 22 22 22 22 22 22min 16 16 16 16 16 16Option RLow reactivity withalkali-silica-reactive aggregatesGC227Expansion at14 days, max, %56 days, max, %0.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.060Early stiffening, finalpenetration, min,%C451 50
25、50 50 50 50 50Compressive strength,D28 days, min, MPaC109/C109M . . 28.0 . 22.0 .Drying shrinkage, % C596 .H.H.H.H.H.HABoth amount retained when wet sieved on the 45-m (No. 325) sieve and specific surface area by air permeability apparatus in m2/kg shall be reported on all certificatesof test result
26、s requested from the manufacturer.BTime of setting refers to initial setting time in Test Method C191.CA given value of air content in mortar does not necessarily assure that the desired air content will be obtained in concrete.DCements may be shipped prior to later-age test data being available. In
27、 such cases, the test value may be left blank. Alternatively, the manufacturer can generallyprovide estimates based on historical production data. The report shall indicate if such estimates are provided.EIn the testing of HS cement, testing at one year shall not be required when the cement meets th
28、e 6-month limit. An HS cement failing the 6-month limit shall not berejected unless it also fails the 1-year limit.FWhen this option is invoked, it replaces the maximum air content of mortar listed in the default table requirements. The minimum compressive strength of air-entrainingcements shall be
29、no less than 80 % of that of the comparable non-air-entraining cement type.GCompliance with this requirement shall not be requested unless the cement will be used with alkali-reactive aggregate.HAt the request of the purchaser, data on drying shrinkage shall be supplied.C1157/C1157M 1124.2.3 Type MS
30、Moderate Sulfate Resistance.4.2.4 Type HSHigh Sulfate Resistance.4.2.5 Type MHModerate Heat of Hydration.4.2.6 Type LHLow Heat of Hydration.4.3 Additional OptionsThe following additional purchaseoptions apply for any of the principal types listed. When one orboth of these options is invoked, its let
31、ter designation and titleshall follow immediately after the respective letter designationand title of the principal type (for example, Type MS(R) orType MS(A).4.3.1 Option R (low reactivity with alkali-silica-reactiveaggregates)When tested for potential activity with reactiveaggregates, the cement s
32、hall meet the requirements of Table 1for Option R.4.3.2 Option A (air-entraining)Air-entraining cementsshall meet the air content requirements of Table 1 for OptionA.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for cement meeting the requirements of thisspecification shall include:5.1.1 The specification desig
33、nation ASTM C1157, and date,5.1.2 The type of cement required. If no type is specified,Type GU shall be supplied.5.1.3 A statement that an option is invoked, when such isdesired, and5.1.4 Manufacturers certification, if required.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The chemical composition for the cement is n
34、ot speci-fied. However, the cement shall be analyzed for informationalpurposes.7. Physical Properties7.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform to all of theapplicable standard physical requirements of Table 1.7.2 When optional requirements are specified, the cementshall conform to the applicabl
35、e optional limits of Table 1.8. Sampling8.1 When the purchaser requires that the cement be sampledand tested to verify compliance with this specification, samplein accordance with Practice C183. Provide adequate facilitiesfor sampling the finished cement. Sample the finished cementat the mill or at
36、the site of transfer of ownership as may bespecified by the purchaser.8.2 Practice C183 is not designed for manufacturing qualitycontrol and is not required for manufacturers certification.9. Test Methods9.1 When testing a cement for compliance with this speci-fication, or for general characterizati
37、on, use the followingmethods, with modifications or exceptions as indicated.9.2 Chemical AnalysisChemically analyze the cementusing Test Methods C114 for major and minor oxides presentin greatest quantity that together, including loss-on-ignition,constitute at least 98 % of the total mass of the cem
38、ent.9.3 Fineness:9.3.1 Determine fineness by Test Method C204.9.3.2 Determine amount retained on the 45-m (No. 325)sieve by Test Method C430.9.4 Determine autoclave expansion by Test Method C151,except that for cements with 1-day compressive strengthsanticipated to be below 3.4 MPa 500 psi, store th
39、e testspecimen in a moist cabinet for a period of 48 h beforedemolding and measuring their length.9.5 Determine the time of setting using Test Method C191.Only the time of initial setting is required.9.6 Test the mortar for air content using Test Method C185using the actual density of the cement, as
40、 determined by TestMethod C188, if it differs from 3.15 Mg/m3by more than0.05 Mg/m3.9.7 Determine compressive strength using Test MethodC109/C109M. Tests shall be conducted at each age specified inTable 1.9.8 Determine heat of hydration using Test Method C186.9.9 Determine sulfate resistance using T
41、est Method C1012.9.10 Determine reactivity of cement with alkali-silica-reactive aggregate (Option R) using Test Method C227 usingcrushed borosilicate glass, as described in Test Method C441,as aggregate.9.11 Determine early stiffening using Test Method C451(See Note 3).NOTE 3Additional characteriza
42、tion information may be obtained withTest Method C359.9.12 Determine mortar bar expansion using Test MethodC1038 using a 14-day immersion period.9.13 Determine drying shrinkage using Test Method C596.10. Testing Time Requirements10.1 The purchaser shall make necessary arrangements forshipment of sam
43、ples to the testing laboratory. Add the timerequired for transport to the laboratory to the minimum timeintervals allowed from receipt of the samples by the testinglaboratory.10.2 The minimum time allowed from receipt of samples bythe testing laboratory to the report of test results shall bedetermin
44、ed by the required age of specimen at the time oftesting plus seven days.10.3 A written report of results of applicable tests shall beavailable within not more than three days of the intervalindicated in 10.2.10.4 These time limits do not apply to retesting or additionaltesting. Such testing shall n
45、ot provide the basis for initialacceptance or rejection of the cement (See Note 4).NOTE 4Aging effects on small samples of cement stored for longperiods of time can produce test results that are not representative of thefresh cement nor of cement stored in large quantity for equal periods oftime.11.
46、 Testing by the Manufacturer11.1 Test samples of cement for compliance with thisspecification, and for chemical analysis, air content, andfineness. Location and frequency of sampling are at thediscretion of the manufacturer and are permitted to be changedupon agreement between the purchaser and supp
47、lier. SamplingC1157/C1157M 113and testing shall be either part of, or in addition to, themanufacturers normal quality control.11.2 Special Testing:11.2.1 The following requirements for testing apply only totests for sulfate resistance and low reactivity with alkali-silica-reactive aggregates.11.2.1.
48、1 For sulfate resistance of Types MS and HS and forOption R of any cement, make tests at least once every12 months.1. Retest if the amount of an ingredient making up 10 %by mass or more of the cement is changed by 6 5 % or moreby mass (See Note 5).NOTE 5For example, if the cement met the applicable
49、requirementwith a slag or fly ash content of 25 % by mass, retesting is required if theslag or fly ash content is changed beyond the range of 20 to 30 %.2. Retest if the amount of an ingredient making up lessthan 10 % by mass of the cement is changed by 6 50 % ormore of the amount previously shown to satisfy the applicablerequirements (See Note 6).NOTE 6For example, if the cement met the applicable requirementwith a silica fume content of 5 % by mass, retesting is required if the silicafume cont
