1、Designation: C 1157 03Standard Performance Specification forHydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1157; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenth
2、eses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers hydraulic cements for bothgeneral and special applications. This is a specification givingperformance requirements. There are
3、 no restrictions on thecomposition of the cement or its constituents.1.2 The specification classifies cements by type based onspecific requirements for general use, high early strength,resistance to attack by sulfates, and heat of hydration. Optionalrequirements are provided for the property of low
4、reactivitywith alkali-reactive aggregates.1.3 For properties where values are given in both SI andinch-pound units, the values in SI units are to be regarded asthe standard. Values in SI units shall be obtained by measure-ment in SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rulesfor Conversion a
5、nd Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, ofmeasurements made in other units.1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements ofthe standard.1.5 This standard does not purpo
6、rt to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1Specification C 150 is a prescription spe
7、cification for portlandcement and Specifications C 595 is a specification for blended hydrauliccement where the products that may be furnished are of restricted natureand proportions and where the products must meet prescriptive require-ments as to chemical and physical properties.2. Referenced Docu
8、ments2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C 114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC 150 Specification for Portland CementC 151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of PortlandCementC 183
9、 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing ofHydraulic CementC 185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC 186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of HydraulicCementC 188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC 191 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Ce-ment by Vicat
10、 NeedleC 204 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement byAir Permeability ApparatusC 219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC 226 Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use inthe Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic CementC 227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity ofCement-
11、Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C 311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash orNatural Pozzolans for Use as a Mineral Admixture inPortland-Cement ConcreteC 430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement bythe 45-m (No. 325) SieveC 441 Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans orG
12、round Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Ex-pansion of Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica ReactionC 451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Ce-ment (Paste Method)C 465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in theManufacture of Hydraulic CementsC 595 Specifications for Blend
13、ed Hydraulic CementsC 688 Specification for Functional Additions for Use inHydraulic CementsC 1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC 1038 Test Method for Expansion of Portland CementMortar Bars Stored in Water1This specification is under the jur
14、isdiction of ASTM Committee C01 onCement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 on HydraulicCements for General Concrete Construction.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published December 2003. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 1157 02.2For
15、referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
16、 West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology C 219, except for the following terms.3.1.2 blended hyd
17、raulic cementa hydraulic cement con-sisting of two or more inorganic ingredients which contributeto the strength-gaining properties of the cement, with orwithout other ingredients, processing additions, and functionaladditions.3.1.2.1 Blended hydraulic cements are made by intergrind-ing or other ble
18、nding processes.4. Nomenclature4.1 As selected by the producer, designate cements underthis specification in accordance with the following names. Thenomenclature does not establish or require any limits on thecomposition or properties of a cement. Its only purpose is toprovide a uniform means for de
19、signating the cement after itsingredients and proportions have been selected by the manu-facturer, thereby providing general information about thecement when the manufacturer so chooses.4.2 Hydraulic CementAny cement meeting the require-ments of this specification is a hydraulic cement. At the optio
20、nof the producer, use this designation in addition to, or in lieu of,any other proper designation.4.3 Portland Cement, consisting of portland-cement clinkerto which, at the option of the manufacturer, one or more of thefollowing additions, and no others, shall have been madeduring manufacture.4.3.1
21、Calcium sulfate set-control addition.4.3.2 Water, including that present in clinker and otheradditions, in amounts such that loss-on-ignition does notexceed 3.0 % by mass of the cement.4.3.3 Processing additions up to the maximum amountdemonstrating conformance to the applicable specification.4.3.4
22、Air-Entraining Portland Cement shall contain an in-terground air-entraining addition.4.4 Blended Hydraulic Cements:4.4.1 Modified Portland Cements contain up to 15 % of amineral ingredient besides portland-cement clinker, and, asselected by the producer, are designated “ingredient-modifiedportland c
23、ement” in accordance with the identity of the mineralingredient used.4.4.2 Other Blended Hydraulic Cements contain more than15 % of two or more mineral ingredients and, as selected by theproducer, are named in accordance with the two or, if moreappropriate, three constituents present in greatest amo
24、unt,listed in decreasing order of abundance by mass.5. Additions5.1 Processing AdditionsIf processing additions are usedin the manufacture of cement, they shall conform to therequirements of Specification C 465.5.2 Functional AdditionsIf functional additions of thetypes defined in Specification C 22
25、6 or C 688 are used in acement, they shall conform to the requirements of the appli-cable specification.6. Classification and Use6.1 The types of hydraulic cement covered by this specifi-cation are given in 6.2.1-6.2.6 and are classified in accordancewith specific properties.6.2 Cements conforming t
26、o this specification shall be des-ignated in accordance with the nomenclature with specialcharacteristics indicated by type in accordance with the typesin 6.2.1-6.2.6. When the type is not specified, the requirementof type GU shall apply.6.2.1 Type GU Hydraulic cement for general construc-tion. Use
27、when one or more of the special types are notrequired.6.2.2 Type HEHigh Early-Strength.6.2.3 Type MSModerate Sulfate Resistance.6.2.4 Type HSHigh Sulfate Resistance.6.2.5 Type MHModerate Heat of Hydration.6.2.6 Type LHLow Heat of Hydration.6.3 Additional OptionThe following additional purchaseoption
28、 applies for any of the principal types listed. When thisoption is invoked, its letter designation and title shall followimmediately after the respective letter designation and title ofthe principal type.6.3.1 Option RLow Reactivity with Alkali-Reactive Ag-gregates. When tested for potential activit
29、y with alkali-reactiveaggregates, the cement shall meet the requirement (Table 1) forlow reactivity with alkali-reactive aggregates.7. Ordering Information7.1 Orders for cement meeting the requirements of thisspecification shall include:7.1.1 The specification designation ASTM C 1157,7.1.2 The speci
30、fication date, if other than the latest pub-lished version,7.1.3 The quantity of cement desired,7.1.4 The nomenclature (see Section 4) and the type ofcement desired (if no type is specified, the cement shippedshall meet the requirements for Type GU).7.1.5 Compressive Strength OptionsThree options fo
31、rcompressive strength are listed in this specification. If strengthother than the default minima (7.1.5.1) of Table 1 are desired,verify that the option selected is available in the area whererequired. Strength at an age listed in Table 1 for the Type ofcement shall not be less than the strength at
32、an earlier listedage.7.1.5.1 Minimum Compressive Strengths (Default)If theminimum strengths of the ranges listed in Table 1 are accept-able, specify the minimums of Table 1. When another option isnot stated, the applicable compressive strength requirementsare the minimums of the Table 2 Strength Ran
33、ges listed foreach age in Table 1 for the Type of cement.7.1.5.2 Minimum Strength at a Listed AgeWhen a mini-mum strength greater than a default minimum is required at alisted age, specify the minimum of one Strength Range listed inTable 2 at one age listed in Table 1 for that Type of cement.C115703
34、27.1.5.3 Strength Range at a Listed AgeWhen cement isrequired that is within a particular range of strength, specifycement as being within one Strength Range from Table 2 at oneage listed for that cement Type in Table 1.NOTE 2Listed ages for Type HE in Table 1 are 1 and 3 days; listedages for Types
35、GU, MH, and MS are 3 and 7 days; listed ages for Type HSare 3, 7, and 28 days; listed ages for Type LH are 7 and 28 days.7.1.5.4 Strength Range at Desired AgeWhen cement isrequired that is within a particular range of strength, specifycement as being within one Strength Range from Table 2 at oneage
36、selected from among 3, 7, and 28 days, except that whenType HE is specified, one Strength Range shall be selectedfrom among 1, 3, 7, or 28 days. If no Strength Range isspecified, only the minimum strengths of all the ranges in Table1, as established in Table 2, shall apply.7.1.6 A statement that the
37、 low reactivity with alkali-reactiveaggregates option is invoked, when such is desired, and7.1.7 A request for the manufacturers certification, if de-sired.7.1.8 When the purchaser desires that the cement besampled and tested to verify compliance with this specification,perform sampling and testing
38、in accordance with PracticeC 183.7.1.9 Practice C 183 is not designed for manufacturingquality control and is not required for manufacturers certifi-cation.8. Chemical Composition8.1 The chemical composition for the cement is not speci-fied. However, the cement and the individual constituentsintergr
39、ound or blended to produce it shall be analyzed.9. Physical Properties9.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform to all of theapplicable physical requirements of Table 1.TABLE 1 Standard Physical RequirementsCement TypeApplicableTest MethodGU HE MS HS MH LHFineness C 204AAAA AAAutoclave length c
40、hange, max, % C 151 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80Time of setting, vicat testBC 191Initial, not less than, minutes 45 45 45 45 45 45Initial, not more than, minutes 420 420 420 420 420 420Air content of mortar volume, % C 185CCCC CCStrength rangeDC 109/C 109M1 day . 10 . . . .3 days 10 17 10 5 5 .7 da
41、ys 17 . 17 10 10 528 days . . . 17 . 17Heat of hydration C 1867 days, max, kJ/kg (kcal/kg)28 days, max, kJ/kg (kcal/kg).290 (70).250 (60)290 (70)Mortar bar expansion C 103814 days, % max 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020Sulfate expansion (sulfate resistance)EC 10126 months, max, %1 year, max, %.0.
42、10.0.050.10.Option RLow Reactivity with Alkali-Reactive AggregatesFExpansion C 22714 days, max, %56 days, max, %0.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.0600.0200.060Optional Physical RequirementsEarly stiffening, final penetration, min,% C 451 50 50 50 50 50 50Compressive strength,G28 days, m
43、in, MPa(psi)C 109/C 109M28.0(4060). 28.0(4060). 22.0(3190).ABoth amount retained when wet sieved on the 45-m (No. 325) sieve and specific surface area by air permeability apparatus in m2/kg shall be reported on all certificatesof test results requested from the manufacturer.BTime of setting refers t
44、o initial setting time in Test Method C 191.CAir content shall be reported on all certificates of test results requested from the manufacturer. A given value in mortar does not necessarily assure that the desiredair content will be obtained in concrete.DLowest Strength Range whose minimum shall appl
45、y at the specified age unless a higher Strength Range is specified by the purchaser. See Table 2 for the applicablestrength limits.EIn the testing of HS cement, testing at one year shall not be required when the cement meets the 6 month limit. An HS cement failing the 6 month limit shall not berejec
46、ted unless it also fails the one year limit.FCompliance with this requirement shall not be requested unless the cement will be used with alkali-reactive aggregate.GWhen 28-day strengths are specified, sufficient time must be allowed for completion of the test. When required on a certificate of test
47、results, special arrangementsshall be made for storage of the cement pending completion of the test.TABLE 2 Strength Range LimitsStrength RangeApplicable TestMethod5 1017253545Compressive strength C 109/C 109Mmin, Mpa(psi)5(725)10(1450)17(2465)25(3625)35(5075)45(6525)Compressive strength C 109/C 109
48、Mmax, Mpa(psi)15(2175)20(2900)30(4350)40(5800)60(8700).C11570339.2 When optional requirements for early stiffening or28-day strength are specified, the cement shall conform to theapplicable optional limits of Table 1.9.3 Pozzolan to be used as an ingredient of a cement shallnot cause unacceptable ex
49、pansion due to an alkali-aggregatereaction. To determine that a pozzolan meets this requirement,test it for alkali-reactivity potential. If the mortar expansionexceeds 0.05 % at the 91-day age for any of the threepozzolan-containing compositions, the pozzolan shall be con-sidered potentially reactive and unacceptable under this speci-fication. If the average total alkali content of any lot of thecement, expressed as Na2O equivalent3, changes by more than0.10 % by mass from that with which the alkali-reactivitypotential tests were carried out,
