1、Designation:C11704C11713 Standard Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-m (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing 1 This standard is issued under the xed designation C117; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. 1. Scope 1.1 This test method covers
3、 the determination of the amount of material ner than a 75-m (No. 200) sieve in aggregate by washing. Clay particles and other aggregate particles that are dispersed by the wash water, as well as water-soluble materials, will be removed from the aggregate during the test. 1.2 Two procedures are incl
4、uded, one using only water for the washing operation, and the other including a wetting agent to assist the loosening of the material ner than the 75-m (No. 200) sieve from the coarser material. Unless otherwise specied, Procedure A (water only) shall be used. 1.3 ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberega
5、rdedasthestandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine th
6、e applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 C136Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates C670Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials C702Practice for Reducing Sample
7、s of Aggregate to Testing Size D75Practice for Sampling Aggregates E11Specication for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves 2.2 AASHTO Standard: T11Method of Test for Amount of Material Finer than 0.075-mm Sieve in Aggregate 3 3. Summary of Test Method 3.1 Asample of the aggregate is washed in
8、 a prescribed manner, using either plain water or water containing a wetting agent, as specied. The decanted wash water, containing suspended and dissolved material, is passed through a 75-m (No. 200) sieve. The loss in mass resulting from the wash treatment is calculated as mass percent of the orig
9、inal sample and is reported as the percentage of material ner than a 75-m (No. 200) sieve by washing. 4. Signicance and Use 4.1 Material ner than the 75-m (No. 200) sieve can be separated from larger particles much more efficiently and completely by wet sieving than through the use of dry sieving. T
10、herefore, when accurate determinations of material ner than 75 m in ne or coarse aggregate are desired, this test method is used on the sample prior to dry sieving in accordance withTest Method C136. The results of this test method are included in the calculation in Test Method C136, and the total a
11、mount of material ner than 75 m by washing, plus that obtained by dry sieving the same sample, is reported with the results of Test Method C136. Usually, 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommi
12、ttee C09.20 on Normal Weight Aggregates. Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2004Feb. 1, 2013. Published August 2004March 2013. Originally approved in 1935. Last previous edition approved in 20032004 as C11703.C11704. DOI: 10.1520/C0117-04.10.1520/C0117-13. 2 ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebs
13、ite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatserviceastm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 3 Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suit
14、e 249, Washington, DC 20001. This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends
15、that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document. Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States 1theadditionalamou
16、ntofmaterialnerthan75mobtainedinthedrysievingprocessisasmallamount.Ifitislarge,theefficiency of the washing operation should be checked. It could also be an indication of degradation of the aggregate. 4.2 Plain water is adequate to separate the material ner than 75 m from the coarser material with m
17、ost aggregates. In some cases, the ner material is adhering to the larger particles, such as some clay coatings and coatings on aggregates that have been extracted from bituminous mixtures. In these cases, the ne material will be separated more readily with a wetting agent in the water. 5. Apparatus
18、 and Materials 5.1 BalanceAbalanceorscalereadableandaccurateto0.1gor0.1%ofthetestload,whicheverisgreater,atanypointwithin the range of use. 5.2 SievesA nest of two sieves, the lower being a 75-m (No. 200) sieve and the upper a 1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve, both conforming to the requirements of Specicatio
19、n E11. 5.3 ContainerApan or vessel of a size sufficient to contain the sample covered with water and to permit vigorous agitation without loss of any part of the sample or water. 5.4 OvenAn oven of sufficient size, capable of maintaining a uniform temperature of 110 6 5 C (230 6 9 F).C. 5.5 Wetting
20、AgentAny dispersing agent, such as liquid dishwashing detergents, that will promote separation of the ne materials. NOTE 1The use of a mechanical apparatus to perform the washing operation is not precluded, provided the results are consistent with those obtained using manual operations. The use of s
21、ome mechanical washing equipment with some samples may cause degradation of the sample. 6. Sampling 6.1 Sample the aggregate in accordance with Practice D75. If the same test sample is to be tested for sieve analysis according to Test Method C136, comply with the applicable requirements of that test
22、 method. 6.2 Thoroughly mix the sample of aggregate to be tested and reduce the quantity to an amount suitable for testing using the applicable methods described in Practice C702. If the same test sample is to be tested according to Test Method C136, the minimummassshallbeasdescribedintheapplicables
23、ectionsofthatmethod.Otherwise,themassofthetestsample,afterdrying, shall conform with the following: Nominal Maximum Size A Minimum Mass, g 4.75 mm (No. 4) or smaller 300 Greater than 4.75 mm (No. 4) to 9.5 mm ( 3 8 in.) 1000 Greater than 9.5 mm ( 3 8 in.) to 19.0 mm ( 3 4 in.) 2500 Greater than 19.0
24、 mm ( 3 4 in.) 5000 A Based on sieve sizes meeting Specication E11. 7. Selection of Procedure 7.1 ProcedureAshall be used, unless otherwise specied by the Specication with which the test results are to be compared, or when directed by the agency for which the work is performed. 8. ProcedureAWashing
25、with Plain Water 8.1 Dry the test sample in the oven to constant mass at a temperature of 110 6 5 C (230 6 9 F). C. Determine the mass to the nearest 0.1% of the mass of the test sample. 8.2 If the applicable specication requires that the amount passing the 75-m (No. 200) sieve shall be determined o
26、n a portion ofthesamplepassingasievesmallerthanthenominalmaximumsizeoftheaggregate,separatethesampleonthedesignatedsieve and determine the mass of the material passing the designated sieve to 0.1% of the mass of this portion of the test sample. Use this mass as the original dry mass of the test samp
27、le in 10.1. NOTE 2Some specications for aggregates with a nominal maximum size of 50 mm or greater, for example, provide a limit for material passing the 75-m(No.200)sievedeterminedonthatportionofthesamplepassingthe25.0-mmsieve.Suchproceduresarenecessarysinceitisimpracticaltowash samples of the size
28、 required when the same test sample is to be used for sieve analysis by Test Method C136. 8.3 After drying and determining the mass, place the test sample in the container and add sufficient water to cover it. No detergent, dispersing agent, or other substance shall be added to the water. Agitate th
29、e sample with sufficient vigor to result in complete separation of all particles ner than the 75-m (No. 200) sieve from the coarser particles, and to bring the ne material into suspension. Immediately pour the wash water containing the suspended and dissolved solids over the nested sieves, arranged
30、with the coarser sieve on top. Take care to avoid, as much as feasible, the decantation of coarser particles of the sample. C11713 28.4 Add a second charge of water to the sample in the container, agitate, and decant as before. Repeat this operation until the wash water is clear. NOTE 3If mechanical
31、 washing equipment is used, the charging of water, agitating, and decanting may be a continuous operation. 8.5 Return all material retained on the nested sieves by ushing to the washed sample. Dry the washed aggregate in the oven to constant mass at a temperature of 110 6 5 C (230 6 9 F) and determi
32、ne the mass to the nearest 0.1% of the original mass of the sample. NOTE4Followingthewashingofthesampleandushinganymaterialretainedonthe75-m(No.200)sievebackintothecontainer,nowatershould be decanted from the container except through the 75-m sieve, to avoid loss of material. Excess water from ushin
33、g should be evaporated from the sample in the drying process. 9. Procedure BWashing Using a WettingAgent 9.1 Prepare the sample in the same manner as for Procedure A. 9.2 After drying and determining the mass, place the test sample in the container.Add sufficient water to cover the sample, and add w
34、etting agent to the water (Note 5). Agitate the sample with sufficient vigor to result in complete separation of all particles ner than the 75-m (No. 200) sieve from the coarser particles, and to bring the ne material into suspension. Immediately pour the wash water containing the suspended and diss
35、olved solids over the nested sieves, arranged with the coarser sieve on top.Take care to avoid, as much as feasible, the decantation of coarser particles of the sample. NOTE 5There should be enough wetting agent to produce a small amount of suds when the sample is agitated. The quantity will depend
36、on the hardness of the water and the quality of the detergent. Excessive suds may overow the sieves and carry some material with them. 9.3 Add a second charge of water (without wetting agent) to the sample in the container, agitate, and decant as before. Repeat this operation until the wash water is
37、 clear. 9.4 Complete the test as for Procedure A. 10. Calculation 10.1 Calculate the amount of material passing a 75-m (No. 200) sieve by washing as follows: A5B2C!/B#3100 (1) where: A = percentage of material ner than a 75-m (No. 200) sieve by washing, B = original dry mass of sample, g, and C = dr
38、y mass of sample after washing, g. 11. Report 11.1 Report the following information: 11.1.1 Report the percentage of material ner than the 75-m (No. 200) sieve by washing to the nearest 0.1%, except if the result is 10% or more, report the percentage to the nearest whole number. 11.1.2 Include a sta
39、tement as to which procedure was used. 12. Precision and Bias 12.1 PrecisionTheestimatesofprecisionofthistestmethodlistedinTable1arebasedonresultsfromtheAASHTOMaterials TABLE 1 Precision Standard Deviation (1s) A , % Acceptable Range of two Results (d2s) A , % Coarse Aggregate B Single-Operator Prec
40、ision 0.10 0.28 Multilaboratory Precision 0.22 0.62 Fine Aggregate C Single-Operator Precision 0.15 0.43 Multilaboratory Precision 0.29 0.82 A These numbers represent the (1s) and (d2s) limits as described in Practice C670. B Precisionestimatesarebasedonaggregateshavinganominalmaximumsizeof 19.0 mm
41、( 1 4 in.) with less than 1.5% ner than the 75-m (No. 200) sieve. C Precision estimates are based on ne aggregates having 1.0 to 3.0% ner than the 75-m (No. 200) sieve. C11713 3Reference Laboratory Prociency Sample Program, with testing conducted by this test method and AASHTO Method T11.T11T11Metho
42、d of Test for Amount of Material Finer than 0.075-mm Sieve in Aggregate3. The signicant differences between the methods at the time the data were acquired is that MethodT11T11Method ofTest forAmount of Material Finer than 0.075-mm Sieve in Aggregate3 required, while Test Method C117 prohibited, the
43、use of a wetting agent. The data are based on the analyses of more than 100 paired test results from 40 to 100 laboratories. 12.1.1 The precision values for ne aggregate in Table 1 are based on nominal 500-g test samples. Revision of this test method in 1994 permits the ne aggregate test sample size
44、 to be 300 g minimum. Analysis of results of testing of 300-g and 500-g test samples from Aggregate Prociency Test Samples 99 and 100 (Samples 99 and 100 were essentially identical) produced the precision values in Table 2, which indicates only minor differences due to test sample size. NOTE6Thevalu
45、esforneaggregateinTable1willberevisedtoreectthe300-gtestsamplesizewhenasufficientnumberofAggregateProciency Tests have been conducted using that sample size to provide reliable data. 12.2 BiasSince there is no accepted reference material suitable for determining the bias for the procedure in this te
46、st method, no statement on bias is made. 13. Keywords 13.1 aggregate; coarse aggregate; ne aggregate; grading; loss by washing; 75 m (No. 200) sieve; size analysis ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this
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