1、Designation: C 1170/C 1170M 08Standard Test Method forDetermining Consistency and Density of Roller-CompactedConcrete Using a Vibrating Table1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1170/C 1170M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or
2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method is used to determine the consistency ofconcrete using a vibra
3、ting table and a surcharge and todetermine the density of the consolidated concrete specimen.This test method is applicable to freshly mixed concrete,prepared in both the laboratory and the field, having a nominalmaximum size aggregate of 50 mm 2 in. or less. If thenominal maximum size of aggregate
4、is larger than 50 mm 2in., the test method is applicable only when performed on thefraction passing the 50-mm 2-in. sieve with the largeraggregate being removed in accordance with Practice C 172.1.2 This test method, intended for use in testing roller-compacted concrete, may be applicable to testing
5、 other types ofconcrete such as cement-treated aggregate and mixtures similarto soil-cement.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used indepen
6、dently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and
7、 health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning Freshhydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may causechemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C 29/C 29M Test Method for Bulk Dens
8、ity (“Unit Weight”)and Voids in AggregateC 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and ConcreteAggregatesC 172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed ConcreteD 1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Charac-teristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3(2,700 kN-m/m3)E11 Specification for
9、Wire Cloth and Sieves for TestingPurposes3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, referto Terminology C 125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 extremely dry consistency, nfor the purpose of thisstandard, the consistency of concrete
10、having no slump and aVebe consistency greater than 20 s when measured withProcedure A or B.3.2.2 stiff consistency, nnthe consistency of concretehaving a slump less than 25 mm 1 in and a Vebe consistencyranging from 5 to 10 s when measured with Procedure A.43.2.3 Vebe consistency, nthe time required
11、 for a givenmass of concrete to be consolidated by vibration in a cylindri-cally shaped mold under a surcharge mass.3.2.4 very stiff consistency, nfor the purpose of thisstandard, the consistency of concrete having no slump and aVebe consistency ranging from 10 to 20 s when measured withProcedure A.
12、4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A vibrating table is used to measure the consistency ofstiff to extremely dry concrete mixtures (See Note 1). Densityof the compacted specimen is measured by determining themass of the consolidated specimen and dividing by its volume.NOTE 1Further description of concrete
13、 of this consistency is given inACI 207.5R5and ACI 211.3R.41This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and ConcreteAggregates and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.45 on Roller-Compacted Concrete.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published Novembe
14、r 2008. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C 1170 06.2Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.023For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Serv
15、ice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4ACI 211.3R “Guide for Selecting Proportions for No-Slump Concrete,”, 2002.Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, FarmingtonHills, MI
16、 48333, www.concrete.org.5ACI 207.5R “Report on Roller-Compacted Concrete,”, 1999. Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333,www.concrete.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Har
17、bor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2 Two procedures are provided:4.2.1 Procedure A uses a 22.7-kg 50-lb surcharge massplaced on top of the test specimen. Procedure A shall be usedfor testing concrete of very stiff to extremely dry consistency orwhen the Vebe co
18、nsistency by Procedure B is 30 s or greater(See Note 2).NOTE 2Further description of the test procedure using a 22.7 kg 50lb surcharge can be found in the U. S. Bureau of Reclamations TechnicalMemorandum No. 8.64.2.2 Procedure B uses a 12.5 kg 27.5 lb surcharge massplaced on top of the test specimen
19、. Procedure B shall be usedfor testing concrete of stiff to very stiff consistency or when theVebe time by Procedure A is less than 20 s (See Note 3).NOTE 3Further description of the test procedure using a 12.5 kg 27.5lb surcharge can be found in the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers testprocedure CRD-C
20、-53-01.74.2.3 Procedure A or B can be used for a Vebe consistencybetween 20 and 30 s.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended to be used for determiningthe consistency and density of stiff to extremely dry concretemixtures common when using roller-compacted concrete con-struction.5.1.
21、1 Because of the stiff to extremely dry consistency ofsome roller-compacted concrete mixtures, the standard Vebetest method of rodding the specimen in a slump cone issubstituted by Procedures A and B.85.2 ProcedureAuses a 22.7-kg 50-lb surcharge and is usedfor concrete consolidated by roller-compact
22、ion methods whenthe consistency of the concrete is very stiff to extremely dry.5.3 Procedure B uses a 12.5-kg 27.5-lb surcharge and isused for concrete consolidated by roller-compaction methodswhen the consistency of the concrete is stiff to very stiffconsistency, but not extremely dry.6. Apparatus6
23、.1 Vibrating TableA vibrating table with a steel deckapproximately 20-mm 34-in. thick with dimensions of ap-proximately 380 mm 15 in. in length, 250 mm 10 in. inwidth, and 300 mm 12 in. in height. The vibrating table shallbe constructed in such a manner as to prevent flexing of thetable during opera
24、tion. The table deck shall be activated by anelectromechanical vibrator. The table shall produce a sinusoi-dal vibratory motion with a frequency of at least 60 6 2Hz3600 6 100 vibrations per min and a double amplitude ofvibration of 0.43 6 0.08 mm 0.0170 6 0.0030 in. when a 276 2-kg 60.0 6 2.5-lb su
25、rcharge is bolted to the center of thetable. The vibrator and table shall have a total mass of at least90 kg 200 lb. The table shall be level and clamped to aconcrete floor or base slab that has sufficient mass to preventdisplacement of the apparatus during performance of the test.6.2 Cylindrical Mo
26、ldThe cylindrical mold shall be madeof steel or other hard metal resistant to corrosion by cementpaste and shall have an inside diameter of 240 6 2mm9126116 in., a height of 200 6 2mm734 6116 in., and a wallthickness of 6 6 2mm14 6116 in. The mold shall beequipped with permanently affixed slotted me
27、tal brackets so itcan be rigidly clamped to the vibrating table. The top rim of themold shall be smooth, plane, and parallel to the bottom of themold and shall be capable of providing an air and watertightseal when a glass or plastic plate is placed on the top rim.6.3 Swivel Arm and Guide SleeveA me
28、tal guide sleevewith a clamp assembly or other suitable holding devicemounted on a swivel arm (See Fig. 1). The swivel arm andguide sleeve must be capable of holding the metal shaft withthe attached 22.7-kg 50-lb or 12.5-kg 27.5-lb cylindricalmass in a position perpendicular to the vibrating surface
29、 andallowing the shaft to slide freely when the clamp is released.The inside diameter of the guide sleeve shall be 3 6 2mm186116 in. larger than the diameter of the metal shaft of thesurcharge. The swivel arm must be capable of maintaining theguide sleeve in a locked position directly over the cente
30、r of thevibrating surface. The swivel arm shall be capable of beingrotated away from the center of the table.6.4 SurchargeA cylindrical steel mass with a circularplastic plate attached to its base and a metal shaft at least 450mm 18 in. in length and 16 6 2mm58 6116 in. indiameter attached perpendic
31、ularly to the plate and embedded inthe center of the mass. The shaft shall slide through the guidesleeve without binding. The plastic plate shall be approxi-mately 13 mm 12 in. in thickness and shall have a diameter of230 6 3mm9618 in. The surcharge assembly includingthe plastic plate and the metal
32、shaft shall have a mass of eitherof the following:Procedure A22.7 6 0.5 kg 50 6 1 lb, orProcedure B12.5 6 0.5 kg 27.5 lb 6 1 lb.6.5 Balance or ScaleBalance or scale of sufficient capac-ity to determine the total mass of the concrete specimen and themold. The balance or scale shall be readable to the
33、 nearest 5 g0.01 lb.6.6 Strike-Off PlateA flat square metal plate at least 6 mm14 in. thick, or a glass or clear plastic plate at least 13 mm 12in. thick, and at least 50 mm 2 in. larger than the diameter ofthe cylindrical mold.6.7 SieveA 50-mm 2-in. sieve conforming to Specifica-tion E11.6.8 Timing
34、 DeviceA stopwatch, capable of recording timeintervals of at least 2 min to the nearest 1 s.6.9 Small ToolsSquare-ended shovel and hand scoops,wrench, tamping rod, and flashlight as required.7. Sampling7.1 Specimens of fresh concrete shall be obtained in accor-dance with Practice C 172.7.2 Concrete
35、samples shall have a nominal maximum sizeof aggregate of 50 mm 2 in. or less. If the concrete has6“Guidelines for Designing and Constructing Roller-Compacted ConcreteDams,”ACER Technical Memorandum No. 8, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO,Appendix A, 1987.7“Test Method for Consistency of No-Slump Co
36、ncrete Using the Modified VebeApparatus,” CRD-C-53-01, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS, 2001.8ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, Materials and General Properties ofConcrete, 2005. Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094,Farmington Hills, MI 48333, www.concr
37、ete.org.C 1170/C 1170M 082aggregate larger than 50 mm 2 in., samples shall be obtainedby wet sieving over a 50-mm 2-in. sieve in accordance withPractice C 172.7.3 Testing of concrete samples shall be completed within45 min after the completion of mixing unless otherwisestipulated.8. Preparation of A
38、pparatus8.1 Vibrating TableVerify that the vibrating table meetsthe requirements of 6.1. Make adjustments if necessary.8.1.1 Determine the frequency and double amplitude of thevibrating table under simulated test conditions prior to initialuse and annually thereafter (See Note 4).NOTE 4A vibrating r
39、eed tachometer should be used to check thevibration frequency.98.2 Cylindrical MoldDetermine the volume of the cylin-drical mold to the nearest 0.03 L 0.001 ft3 in accordance withTest Method C 29/C 29M. Verify the volume of the moldmonthly during times of regular use and annually when usedinfrequent
40、ly. If used in density computations (that is, when abalance with tare is unavailable), determine the mass of thecylindrical mold to the nearest 5 g 0.01 lb. For balances withtare capability, tare the balance with the mold.8.3 In addition to the calibration schedule given in 8.1.1,calibrate the vibra
41、ting table after any event (including repairs)that might affect its operation, or whenever test results arequestionable.9. Technical Precautions9.1 When obtaining samples, ensure that the samples arerepresentative of the material being sampled.9.2 Concrete with stiff to very dry consistency is highl
42、ysusceptible to segregation during handling. To minimize seg-regation, use care in obtaining samples and during transporting,remixing, and testing of the concrete.10. Procedure10.1 Vebe Consistency Time:10.1.1 Record the tare mass of the mold.10.1.2 Using square-ended shovels and scoops, obtain arep
43、resentative sample with a minimum mass of 25 kg 50 lb inaccordance with Practice C 172. Handle concrete in such amanner that coarse aggregate does not separate from themortar.10.1.3 Dampen the interior of the mold and fill with13.5 6 1 kg 29.5 6 1.5 lb of concrete. Using a square-edgedscoop and tamp
44、ing rod, place and distribute the concreteevenly to minimize segregation and rock pockets. Level thesurface of the loose concrete.10.1.4 Select either the 22.7 kg 50 lb surcharge (ProcedureA) or the 12.5 kg 27.5 lb surcharge (Procedure B) (See Note5).9“Suggested Method for the Calibration of Vibrati
45、ng Tables for Maximum IndexDensity Testing,” ASTM Geotechnical Journal, Vol 2, No. 3, p. 152, September1979.FIG. 1 Vibrating TableConsistency TestC 1170/C 1170M 083NOTE 5The 12.5 kg 27.5 lb surcharge is used for mixtures propor-tioned with a consistency of 20 s or less in accordance with Procedure A
46、;or a paste volume in excess of the minimum volume of voids in theaggregate as determined using Test Method C 29/C 29M; or a totalmoisture content wet of the optimum, as determined using soil compactiontest procedures in accordance with Test Methods D 1557. The 22.7 kg 50lb surcharge is used for mix
47、tures proportioned with a consistency of morethan 30 s in accordance with Procedure B; or with a paste volumeapproaching the minimum aggregate voids volume as determined usingTest Method C 29/C 29M; or total moisture approaching the optimummoisture content as determined using soil compaction test pr
48、ocedures inaccordance with Test Methods D 1557. Either procedure can be used if theconsistency is between 20 and 30 s.10.1.5 Secure the mold on the vibrating table by handtightening the wing nuts. Slide the shaft of the surcharge massthrough the guide sleeve, and rotate the surcharge to its lockedpo
49、sition centered over the mold, ensuring that it will fit insidethe mold when released. The surcharge may be lowered intothe mold during this procedure to adjust the position of themold but it shall not be placed on the specimen. Secure thewing nuts of the table with a wrench to prevent looseningduring the test. Gently lower the surcharge onto the surface ofthe specimen.10.1.6 If the surcharge cannot be centered in the moldwithout binding on the i
