1、Designation: C118M 11Standard Specification forConcrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage (Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C118M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers nonreinforced concrete pipe tobe used for the conveyance of irrigation water with workingpressures, includi
3、ng hydraulic transients, as shown in Table 1and for use in drainage.1.2 This specification is the SI counterpart of SpecificationC118.NOTE 1This specification is for manufacturing and purchase only anddoes not include requirements for bedding, backfill, installation, or fieldrepairs. The owner is ca
4、utioned that he must correlate field conditions withthe characteristics of the pipe specified and provide inspection duringinstallation.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC150 Specification for Portland CementC497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manh
5、ole Sections,or Tile MetricC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concreteand MortarsC1116 S
6、pecification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete andShotcrete3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to con-crete pipe, see Terminology C822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shallbe known as “ASTM Standard Concrete Irrigation Pipe,”“ASTM Standar
7、d Concrete Drainage Pipe,” or “ASTM Heavy-Duty Concrete Drainage Pipe.”5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 The acceptability of the pipe shall be determined by theresults of the tests prescribed in this specification, if and whenrequired and by inspection to determine whether the pipeconforms to this specific
8、ation as to design and freedom fromdefects.6. Materials6.1 ConcreteThe concrete shall consist of cementitiousmaterials, mineral aggregates, and water.6.2 Cementitious Materials:6.2.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirementsfor portland cement of Specification C150 or shall be portlandblast-fur
9、nace slag cement, or slag-modified portland cement, orportland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements of1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.01 onNon-Reinforced Concrete Sewer, Drain and Irrig
10、ation Pipe.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2011. Published October 2011. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C118M 05a. DOI:10.1520/C0118M-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.
11、For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.TABLE 1 Standard Dimensions, Working Pressure, and TestRequirements for Standard Concrete Irrigation PipeAInternalDesignatedDiameter, mmThicknessof Wall,T,mmWorkingPressure,BkPaMinimu
12、mInternalHydrostaticTest Pressure,kPaMinimumThree-Edge-Bearing Load,kN/linear m150 22 90 345 19.0200 25 90 345 19.5250 29 90 345 20.5300 32 75 310 22.0350 35 75 310 23.5375 38 75 310 24.0400 38 75 310 25.0450 44 75 310 26.5500 50 75 275 27.0525 54 75 275 27.5600 57 75 275 29.0AFor hydrostatic test r
13、equirements, refer to 10.5.BHigher working pressures are not prohibited up to a maximum of 120 kPa for150 through 200-mm diameters, 105 kPa for 250 through 300-mm diameters, and90 kPa for 350 through 600-mm diameters. In these cases, the strength of the pipeshall be increased to give a minimum inter
14、nal hydrostatic test pressure of at leastfour times the design working pressure when tested as specified in 10.5.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Specification C595, except that the pozzolan constituent in theType IP p
15、ortland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.6.2.2 Fly AshFly ash shall conform to the requirements ofSpecification C618, Class F or Class C.6.2.3 Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS)GGBFS shall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 120of Specification C989.6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of
16、Cementitious MaterialsThe combination of cementitious materials used in the concreteshall be one of the following:6.2.4.1 Portland cement only,6.2.4.2 Portland blast furnace slag cement only,6.2.4.3 Slag modified portland cement only,6.2.4.4 Portland pozzolan cement only,6.2.4.5 A combination of por
17、tland cement and fly ash,6.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement and groundgranulated blast-furnace slag, or6.2.4.7 A combination of portland cement, fly ash (not toexceed 25 % of the total cementitious weight) and groundgranulated blast furnace slag (not to exceed 25 % of the totalcementitious wei
18、ght).6.3 AggregatesAggregates shall conform to SpecificationC33, except that the requirements for gradation shall not apply.6.4 Admixtures and BlendsOwner is not prohibited fromobtaining the record of mix design used.6.5 Synthetic FibersCollated fibrillated virgin polypro-pylene fibers are not prohi
19、bited in concrete pipe as a nonstruc-tural manufacturing material. Only Type III synthetic fibersdesigned and manufactured specifically for use in concrete andconforming to the requirements of Specification C1116 shall beaccepted.7. Design7.1 Design TablesDesign requirements shall be in accor-dance
20、with Table 1 for standard concrete irrigation pipe or withthe applicable part of Table 2 for concrete drainage pipe. Wallthicknesses used shall be not less than the values shown, exceptas affected by the tolerances herein specified and by theprovision for alternative design.7.2 Modified DesignManufa
21、cturers shall submit to theowner for approval prior to manufacture, wall thicknessesother than those shown in Table 1 or Table 2. Such pipe shallmeet all of the test and performance requirements specified bythe owner in accordance with Section 10.7.3 Laying LengthsUnless otherwise specified by theow
22、ner when calling for bids, maximum lengths of individualunits of drainage pipe shall not exceed 750 mm for sizes 100mm through 150 mm, or 900 mm for sizes 200 mm through375 mm, and 1200 mm for larger sizes.8. Joints8.1 The joints of both irrigation and drainage pipe shall beof such design and the en
23、ds of the concrete pipe sections soformed that the pipe can be laid together to make a continuousline of pipe compatible with the permissible variations given inSection 11.8.1.1 The joints of concrete drain tile shall conform to 8.1without the use of mortar or other jointing material and allowwater
24、to enter without permitting the entrance of deleteriousamounts of solids.9. Concrete Mixture9.1 The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, andthoroughly mixed with such proportions of cementitious ma-terials and water as will produce a homogeneous concretemixture of such quality that the p
25、ipe will conform to the testand design requirements of this specification.10. Physical Requirements10.1 Test SpecimensSpecimens for tests shall be full-sizepipe which shall in every respect conform to the inspectionrequirements prescribed in this specification.10.2 Number and Type of Tests Required:
26、10.2.1 The specimens to be tested shall be selected atrandom by the owner at the place of manufacture, and shall betested in advance of shipment. The manufacturer shall furnishspecimens for purpose of tests, without charge, up to 0.5 % ofthe number of pipe of each size included in the order, exceptt
27、hat in no case shall less than two specimens be furnished, themanufacturer bearing all expense of testing each pipe. Shoulda larger number of specimens be tested upon demand of theowner or manufacturer, then the cost of such additional testspecimens and the expense of testing shall be borne by thepa
28、rty making such demand.10.2.2 The owner shall specify the proportion of irrigationpipe specimens that shall be subjected to the three-edge-bearing load tests, and the proportion that shall be subjected tothe hydrostatic test.10.2.3 All drainage pipe to be tested shall be subjected tothe three-edge-b
29、earing load tests, and one half of the number ofpipe so tested shall be subjected to the Test Method A or TestMethod B absorption test in accordance with Test MethodsC497M, or other absorption test approved by the owner.10.3 External Load Test RequirementsThe pipe, whentested in accordance with Test
30、 Methods C497M shall sustainthe load prescribed in Table 1 or Table 2 for each respectivesize and class of pipe.TABLE 2 Physical Test Requirements for Standard and Heavy-Duty Concrete Drainage PipeAInternalDesignatedDiameter, mmStandard Drainage Pipe Heavy-Duty Drainage PipeThickness ofWall, mmMinim
31、umThree-Edge-Bearing Load,kN/linear mThickness ofWall, mmMinimumThree-Edge-Bearing Load,kN/linear m100 19 17.5 19 20.5125 19 18.0 19 20.5150 22 19.0 22 20.5200 25 19.5 25 22.0250 29 20.5 29 22.5300 32 22.0 32 25.0350 35 23.5 38 27.0375 38 24.0 38 29.0400 38 25.0 41 30.5450 44 26.5 50 34.0500 50 27.0
32、 57 36.5525 54 27.5 57 39.0600 57 29.0 63 44.0AFor absorption test requirements, refer to 10.4.C118M 11210.3.1 It is not prohibited to fill depressions of exteriorsurface irregularities with plaster of paris to equalize thebearing surfaces. If mutually agreed upon between the manu-facturer and owner
33、, other types of bearings such as hard rubberblocks or sand-filled high-pressure hose are acceptable. Theuser of this specification is advised that sand or other loose finematerial may be spread along the length of the crown of thepipe to equalize the upper bearing.10.3.2 The load shall be applied c
34、ontinuously until thestrength specified in Table 1 or 2 is reached. The pipe shall notbe allowed to stand under load longer than is required to applythe load and to observe and record it. The pipe shall besurface-dry when tested. Tests shall not be made on frozenpipe.10.4 Absorption TestTest specime
35、ns shall be subjected tothe boiling absorption test in accordance with Test MethodsC497M. For Test MethodA, three test specimens shall be takenfrom each pipe unit to be tested; one of the pieces shall betaken from one end of the pipe, another piece from the oppositeend, and the third piece from near
36、 the center. For Test MethodA, each test specimen shall be free of visible cracks, shall havea minimum area of not less than 130 cm2as measured on onesurface. The average absorption of the three specimens shall beconsidered to be the absorption for that pipe. The absorption ofconcrete drainage pipe
37、as determined by the boiling absorptiontest shall not exceed 9 % for Test Method A or 8.5 % for TestMethod B.10.5 Hydrostatic Tests:10.5.1 Irrigation pipe, when tested in accordance with thehydrostatic test procedures of Test Methods C497M, shallsustain an internal hydrostatic pressure of 70 kPa for
38、 10 minwithout excessive leakage through the wall of the pipe.Moisture appearing on the surface of the pipe in the form ofpatches or beads adhering to the surface shall not be consideredas excessive leakage. Slow-forming beads of water frompinholes that result in minor dripping and slight pinhole sp
39、urtsthat will not interfere with the use of the pipe in service will notbe cause for rejection.10.5.2 The pipe shall not fail when, after completion of theportion of the test described in 10.5.1, the pressure is increasedto the minimum hydrostatic pressure specified in Table 1.10.6 RetestsIrrigation
40、 pipe shall be acceptable under theload and hydrostatic test requirements when all test specimensconform to the test requirements. Drainage pipe shall beacceptable under the load and absorption test requirementswhen all the test specimens conform to the test requirements.Should any of the initial te
41、st specimens fail to meet the testrequirements, the manufacturer will be allowed a retest on twoadditional specimens for each initial specimen that failed, andthe tested lot will be acceptable only if all retest specimensmeet the test requirements. In the event these retest specimensdo not fully con
42、form to the test requirements, the entire lotshall be rejected without further test. The manufacturer shallbear all the expense of retesting.11. Permissible Variations11.1 Internal DiameterSee Table 3.At the manufacturersoption, the internal diameter shall be one of two alternatives,the Designated D
43、iameter or the Converted English Diameter.Pipe sections that are intended to be jointed to each other shallbe furnished with the same internal diameter alternative. Theinternal diameter of pipe manufactured to the DesignatedDiameters shall vary from the Designated Diameter not morethan 65 mm for 150
44、 mm pipe and smaller, 67 mm for 200 mmpipe to 450 mm pipe, and 68 mm for 500 mm pipe and larger.The internal diameter of pipe manufactured to the ConvertedEnglish Diameter shall vary from the Converted EnglishDiameter not more than 65 mm for 152 mm pipe and smaller,67 mm for 203 mm pipe to 457 mm pi
45、pe, and 68 mm for 508mm pipe and larger. For pipe manufactured to ConvertedEnglish Diameters, the corresponding Designated Diametershown in Table 3 shall apply for all other requirements of thisspecification.11.2 Wall ThicknessThe minimum wall thickness of thepipe shall be not more than 5 % or 2 mm,
46、 whichever is greater,less than the wall thickness specified in Table 1 or Table 2 forthe applicable class of pipe, or as specified in an approvedalternative design.12. Workmanship and Finish12.1 Pipe shall be substantially free of fractures and surfaceroughness.13. Repairs13.1 Pipe repaired because
47、 of occasional imperfections inmanufacturing or accidental injury during handling and will beacceptable if, in the opinion of the owner, the repairs are soundand properly finished and cured and the repaired pipe conformsto the requirements of this specification.14. Inspection14.1 The quality of all
48、materials and the finished pipe shallbe subject to inspection and approval by the owner.15. Rejection15.1 Individual pipe units shall be subject to rejection onaccount of failure to conform to any of the specificationrequirements or on account of any of the following:15.1.1 Fractures or cracks passi
49、ng through the wall exceptfor an end crack that does not exceed the depth of the joint, ora fracture that at its deepest point does not exceed the depth ofthe joint nor extend more than 10 % around the circumferenceof the joint.TABLE 3 Internal DiametersDesignated Diameter,mmEquivalent EnglishDiameter, inConverted EnglishDiameter, mm100 4 102125 5 127150 6 152200 8 203250 10 254300 12 305350 14 356375 15 381400 16 406450 18 457500 20 508525 21 533600 24 610C118M 11315.1.2 Defects that indicate mixing and molding, not incompliance with 9.1.15.1.3 The complete
