1、Designation: C118M 15Standard Specification forConcrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage (Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C118M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers nonreinforced concrete pipe tobe used for the conveyance of irrigation water with workingpressures, includi
3、ng hydraulic transients, as shown in Table 1and for use in drainage.1.2 This specification is the SI counterpart of SpecificationC118.NOTE 1This specification is for manufacturing and purchase only anddoes not include requirements for bedding, backfill, installation, or fieldrepairs. The owner is ca
4、utioned that he must correlate field conditions withthe characteristics of the pipe specified and provide inspection duringinstallation.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC260/C260M Specification for Ai
5、r-Entraining Admixturesfor ConcreteC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forConcreteC497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections,or Tile (Metric)C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use
6、in ConcreteC822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use inConcrete and MortarsC1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forUse in Producing Flowing ConcreteC1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced ConcreteC1602/C1602M
7、Specification for Mixing Water Used in theProduction of Hydraulic Cement Concrete3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to concretepipe, see Terminology C822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shallbe known as “ASTM Standard Concrete Irriga
8、tion Pipe,”“ASTM Standard Concrete Drainage Pipe,” or “ASTM Heavy-Duty Concrete Drainage Pipe.”5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 The acceptability of the pipe shall be determined by theresults of the tests prescribed in this specification, if and whenrequired and by inspection to determine whether the pipec
9、onforms to this specification as to design and freedom fromdefects.6. Materials6.1 ConcreteThe concrete shall consist of cementitiousmaterials, mineral aggregates, admixtures, if used, and water.6.2 Cementitious Materials:6.2.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirementsfor portland cement of Spe
10、cification C150/C150M or shall beportland blast-furnace slag cement, portland-limestone cement,or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirementsof Specification C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan con-stituent in the Type IP portland-pozzolan cement shall be flyash.6.2.2 Fly AshFly ash sha
11、ll conform to the requirements ofSpecification C618, Class F or Class C.6.2.3 Slag CementSlag cement shall conform to the re-quirements of Grade 100 or 120 of Specification C989/C989M.6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious MaterialsThe combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete
12、shall be one of the following:6.2.4.1 Portland cement only,6.2.4.2 Portland blast-furnace slag cement only,6.2.4.3 Portland-pozzolan cement only,6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only,6.2.4.5 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and fly ash,1This specification is under the j
13、urisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.01 onNon-Reinforced Concrete Sewer, Drain and Irrigation Pipe.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1
14、18M 11. DOI:10.1520/C0118M-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 1
15、00 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and slag cement,6.2.4.7 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement, fly ash, and slag cement, or6.2.4.8 A combination of portlan
16、d-pozzolan cement and flyash.6.3 AggregatesAggregates shall conform to the require-ments of Specification C33/C33M, except that the require-ments for gradation shall not apply.6.4 AdmixturesThe following admixtures and blends areallowable:6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to SpecificationC26
17、0/C260M;6.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to SpecificationC494/C494M;6.4.3 Chemical admixture for use in producing flowingconcrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend approved by the owner.6.5 FibersSynthetic fibers and nonsynthetic fibers shall beallowed
18、 to be used, at the manufacturers option, in concretepipe as a nonstructural manufacturing material. Synthetic fibers(Type II and Type III) and nonsynthetic fiber (Type I) designedand manufactured specifically for use in concrete and conform-ing to the requirements of Specification C1116/C1116M shal
19、lbe accepted.6.6 WaterWater used in the production of concrete shallbe potable or non-potable water that meets the requirements ofSpecification C1602/C1602M.7. Design7.1 Design TablesDesign requirements shall be in accor-dance with Table 1 for standard concrete irrigation pipe or withthe applicable
20、part of Table 2 for concrete drainage pipe. Wallthicknesses used shall be not less than the values shown, exceptas affected by the tolerances herein specified and by theprovision for alternative design.7.2 Modified DesignManufacturers shall submit to theowner for approval prior to manufacture, wall
21、thicknessesother than those shown in Table 1 or Table 2. Such pipe shallmeet all of the test and performance requirements specified bythe owner in accordance with Section 10.7.3 Laying LengthsUnless otherwise specified by theowner when calling for bids, maximum lengths of individualunits of drainage
22、 pipe shall not exceed 750 mm for sizes 100mm through 150 mm, or 900 mm for sizes 200 mm through375 mm, and 1200 mm for larger sizes.8. Joints8.1 The joints of both irrigation and drainage pipe shall beof such design and the ends of the concrete pipe sections soformed that the pipe can be laid toget
23、her to make a continuousline of pipe compatible with the permissible variations given inSection 11.8.1.1 The joints of concrete drain tile shall conform to 8.1without the use of mortar or other jointing material and allowwater to enter without permitting the entrance of deleteriousamounts of solids.
24、9. Concrete Mixture9.1 The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, andthoroughly mixed with such proportions of cementitious ma-terials and water as will produce a homogeneous concretemixture of such quality that the pipe will conform to the testand design requirements of this specification
25、.10. Physical Requirements10.1 Test SpecimensSpecimens for tests shall be full-sizepipe which shall in every respect conform to the inspectionrequirements prescribed in this specification.10.2 Number and Type of Tests Required:10.2.1 The specimens to be tested shall be selected atrandom by the owner
26、 at the place of manufacture, and shall betested in advance of shipment. The manufacturer shall furnishspecimens for purpose of tests, without charge, up to 0.5 % ofthe number of pipe of each size included in the order, exceptTABLE 1 Standard Dimensions, Working Pressure, and TestRequirements for St
27、andard Concrete Irrigation PipeAInternalDesignatedDiameter, mmThicknessof Wall,T,mmWorkingPressure,BkPaMinimumInternalHydrostaticTest Pressure,kPaMinimumThree-Edge-Bearing Load,kN/linear m150 22 90 345 19.0200 25 90 345 19.5250 29 90 345 20.5300 32 75 310 22.0350 35 75 310 23.5375 38 75 310 24.0400
28、38 75 310 25.0450 44 75 310 26.5500 50 75 275 27.0525 54 75 275 27.5600 57 75 275 29.0AFor hydrostatic test requirements, refer to 10.5.BHigher working pressures are not prohibited up to a maximum of 120 kPa for 150through 200-mm diameters, 105 kPa for 250 through 300-mm diameters, and 90kPa for 350
29、 through 600-mm diameters. In these cases, the strength of the pipeshall be increased to give a minimum internal hydrostatic test pressure of at leastfour times the design working pressure when tested as specified in 10.5.TABLE 2 Physical Test Requirements for Standard and Heavy-Duty Concrete Draina
30、ge PipeAInternalDesignatedDiameter, mmStandard Drainage Pipe Heavy-Duty Drainage PipeThickness ofWall, mmMinimumThree-Edge-Bearing Load,kN/linear mThickness ofWall, mmMinimumThree-Edge-Bearing Load,kN/linear m100 19 17.5 19 20.5125 19 18.0 19 20.5150 22 19.0 22 20.5200 25 19.5 25 22.0250 29 20.5 29
31、22.5300 32 22.0 32 25.0350 35 23.5 38 27.0375 38 24.0 38 29.0400 38 25.0 41 30.5450 44 26.5 50 34.0500 50 27.0 57 36.5525 54 27.5 57 39.0600 57 29.0 63 44.0AFor absorption test requirements, refer to 10.4.C118M 152that in no case shall less than two specimens be furnished, themanufacturer bearing al
32、l expense of testing each pipe. Shoulda larger number of specimens be tested upon demand of theowner or manufacturer, then the cost of such additional testspecimens and the expense of testing shall be borne by theparty making such demand.10.2.2 The owner shall specify the proportion of irrigationpip
33、e specimens that shall be subjected to the three-edge-bearing load tests, and the proportion that shall be subjected tothe hydrostatic test.10.2.3 All drainage pipe to be tested shall be subjected tothe three-edge-bearing load tests, and one half of the number ofpipe so tested shall be subjected to
34、the Test Method A or TestMethod B absorption test in accordance with Test MethodsC497M, or other absorption test approved by the owner.10.3 External Load Test RequirementsThe pipe, whentested in accordance with Test Methods C497M shall sustainthe load prescribed in Table 1 or Table 2 for each respec
35、tivesize and class of pipe.10.3.1 It is not prohibited to fill depressions of exteriorsurface irregularities with plaster of paris to equalize thebearing surfaces. If mutually agreed upon between the manu-facturer and owner, other types of bearings such as hard rubberblocks or sand-filled high-press
36、ure hose are acceptable. Theuser of this specification is advised that sand or other loose finematerial may be spread along the length of the crown of thepipe to equalize the upper bearing.10.3.2 The load shall be applied continuously until thestrength specified in Table 1 or 2 is reached. The pipe
37、shall notbe allowed to stand under load longer than is required to applythe load and to observe and record it. The pipe shall besurface-dry when tested. Tests shall not be made on frozenpipe.10.4 Absorption TestTest specimens shall be subjected tothe boiling absorption test in accordance with Test M
38、ethodsC497M. For Test MethodA, three test specimens shall be takenfrom each pipe unit to be tested; one of the pieces shall betaken from one end of the pipe, another piece from the oppositeend, and the third piece from near the center. For Test MethodA, each test specimen shall be free of visible cr
39、acks, shall havea minimum area of not less than 130 cm2as measured on onesurface. The average absorption of the three specimens shall beconsidered to be the absorption for that pipe. The absorption ofconcrete drainage pipe as determined by the boiling absorptiontest shall not exceed 9 % for Test Met
40、hod A or 8.5 % for TestMethod B.10.5 Hydrostatic Tests:10.5.1 Irrigation pipe, when tested in accordance with thehydrostatic test procedures of Test Methods C497M, shallsustain an internal hydrostatic pressure of 70 kPa for 10 minwithout excessive leakage through the wall of the pipe.Moisture appear
41、ing on the surface of the pipe in the form ofpatches or beads adhering to the surface shall not be consideredas excessive leakage. Slow-forming beads of water frompinholes that result in minor dripping and slight pinhole spurtsthat will not interfere with the use of the pipe in service will notbe ca
42、use for rejection.10.5.2 The pipe shall not fail when, after completion of theportion of the test described in 10.5.1, the pressure is increasedto the minimum hydrostatic pressure specified in Table 1.10.6 RetestsIrrigation pipe shall be acceptable under theload and hydrostatic test requirements whe
43、n all test specimensconform to the test requirements. Drainage pipe shall beacceptable under the load and absorption test requirementswhen all the test specimens conform to the test requirements.Should any of the initial test specimens fail to meet the testrequirements, the manufacturer will be allo
44、wed a retest on twoadditional specimens for each initial specimen that failed, andthe tested lot will be acceptable only if all retest specimensmeet the test requirements. In the event these retest specimensdo not fully conform to the test requirements, the entire lotshall be rejected without furthe
45、r test. The manufacturer shallbear all the expense of retesting.11. Permissible Variations11.1 Internal DiameterSee Table 3. At the manufacturersoption, the internal diameter shall be one of two alternatives,the Designated Diameter or the Converted English Diameter.Pipe sections that are intended to
46、 be jointed to each other shallbe furnished with the same internal diameter alternative. Theinternal diameter of pipe manufactured to the DesignatedDiameters shall vary from the Designated Diameter not morethan 65 mm for 150 mm pipe and smaller, 67 mm for 200 mmpipe to 450 mm pipe, and 68 mm for 500
47、 mm pipe and larger.The internal diameter of pipe manufactured to the ConvertedEnglish Diameter shall vary from the Converted EnglishDiameter not more than 65 mm for 152 mm pipe and smaller,67 mm for 203 mm pipe to 457 mm pipe, and 68 mm for 508mm pipe and larger. For pipe manufactured to ConvertedE
48、nglish Diameters, the corresponding Designated Diametershown in Table 3 shall apply for all other requirements of thisspecification.11.2 Wall ThicknessThe minimum wall thickness of thepipe shall be not more than 5 % or 2 mm, whichever is greater,less than the wall thickness specified in Table 1 or T
49、able 2 forthe applicable class of pipe, or as specified in an approvedalternative design.12. Workmanship and Finish12.1 Pipe shall be substantially free of fractures and surfaceroughness.TABLE 3 Internal DiametersDesignated Diameter,mmEquivalent EnglishDiameter, inConverted EnglishDiameter, mm100 4 102125 5 127150 6 152200 8 203250 10 254300 12 305350 14 356375 15 381400 16 406450 18 457500 20 508525 21 533600 24 610C118M 15313. Repairs13.1 Pipe repaired because of occasional imperfections inmanufacturing or accidental injury during handling and will beaccept
