1、Designation: C1193 11a C1193 12Standard Guide forUse of Joint Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1193; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses in
2、dicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide describes the use of a cold liquid-applied sealant for joint sealing applications. Including joints on buildings andrelated adjacent areas, such as
3、plazas, decks, and pavements for vehicular or pedestrian use, and types of construction other thanhighways and airfield pavements and bridges. Information in this guide is primarily applicable to a single and multi-component,cold liquid-applied joint sealant and secondarily to a precured sealant whe
4、n used with a properly prepared joint opening andsubstrate surfaces.1.2 An elastomeric or non-elastomeric sealant described by this guide should meet the requirements of Specification C834,C920, or C1311.1.3 This guide does not provide information or guidelines for the use of a sealant in a structur
5、al sealant glazing application.Guide C1401 should be consulted for this information. Additionally, it also does not provide information or guidelines for the useof a sealant in an insulating glass unit edge seal used in a structural sealant glazing application. Guide C1249 should be consultedfor thi
6、s information.1.4 Practice C919 should be consulted for information and guidelines for the use of a sealant in an application where an acousticjoint seal is required.1.5 This guide also does not provide information relative to the numerous types of sealant that are available nor specific genericseal
7、ant properties, such as hardness, tack-free time, or curing process, among others.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are provided for informationonly.1.7 The Committee with jurisdiction for this standard is not aware of any comparabl
8、e standards published by otherorganizations.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulat
9、orylimitations prior to use.1.9 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by otherorganizations.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change of Single- or Multicomponent Joint SealantsC603 Test M
10、ethod for Extrusion Rate and Application Life of Elastomeric SealantsC661 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Elastomeric-Type Sealants by Means of a DurometerC711 Test Method for Low-Temperature Flexibility and Tenacity of One-Part, Elastomeric, Solvent-Release Type SealantsC717 Terminology of
11、Building Seals and SealantsC719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic Movement (Hockman Cycle)C731 Test Method for Extrudability, After Package Aging, of Latex SealantsC732 Test Method for Aging Effects of Artificial Weathering on Latex Sealants1 This stand
12、ard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on Building Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.10 on Specifications,Guides and Practices.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011Nov. 15, 2012. Published October 2011December 2012. Originally approved in 1991. Last
13、 previous edition approved in 2011 asC119311.11a. DOI: 10.1520/C1193-11A.10.1520/C1193-12.2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document S
14、ummary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recomme
15、nds that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C734 Test Method
16、 for Low-Temperature Flexibility of Latex Sealants After Artificial WeatheringC792 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on Weight Loss, Cracking, and Chalking of Elastomeric SealantsC793 Test Method for Effects of Laboratory Accelerated Weathering on Elastomeric Joint SealantsC794 Test Method for A
17、dhesion-in-Peel of Elastomeric Joint SealantsC834 Specification for Latex SealantsC919 Practice for Use of Sealants in Acoustical ApplicationsC920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint SealantsC1083 Test Method for Water Absorption of Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Sealing MaterialsC1087 Test Method
18、 for Determining Compatibility of Liquid-Applied Sealants with Accessories Used in Structural GlazingSystemsC1135 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Structural SealantsC1184 Specification for Structural Silicone SealantsC1216 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of One-Part
19、Elastomeric Solvent Release SealantsC1241 Test Method for Volume Shrinkage of Latex Sealants During CureC1247 Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in LiquidsC1248 Test Method for Staining of Porous Substrate by Joint SealantsC1249 Guide for Secondary Seal for Sealed
20、 Insulating Glass Units for Structural Sealant Glazing ApplicationsC1253 Test Method for Determining the Outgassing Potential of Sealant BackingC1257 Test Method for Accelerated Weathering of Solvent-Release-Type SealantsC1265 Test Method for Determining the Tensile Properties of an Insulating Glass
21、 Edge Seal for Structural Glazing ApplicationsC1311 Specification for Solvent Release SealantsC1330 Specification for Cylindrical Sealant Backing for Use with Cold Liquid-Applied SealantsC1369 Specification for Secondary Edge Sealants for Structurally Glazed Insulating Glass UnitsC1382 Test Method f
22、or Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Sealants When Used in Exterior Insulation and FinishSystems (EIFS) JointsC1401 Guide for Structural Sealant GlazingC1442 Practice for Conducting Tests on Sealants Using Artificial Weathering ApparatusC1472 Guide for Calculating Movement and Other Effects
23、 When Establishing Sealant Joint WidthC1519 Test Method for Evaluating Durability of Building Construction Sealants by Laboratory Accelerated WeatheringProceduresC1521 Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant JointsC1681 Test Method for Evaluating the Tear Resistance of
24、a Sealant Under Constant StrainD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersTensionD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD2203 Test Method for Staining from SealantsD2453 Test Method for Shrinkage and Tenacity of Oil-
25、and Resin-Base Caulking Compounds3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology C717 for definitions of the following terms used in this guide: adhesive failure, bicellularsealant backing, blooming, bond-breaker, bridge sealant joint, butt sealant joint, cell, cellular material, chalk, chalking,
26、chemicallycuring sealant, closed cell, closed cell material, closed cell sealant backing, cohesive failure, compatibility, compatible materials,compound, control joint, creep, cure, cured, dirt pick-up, durability, durability limit, elastomeric, elongation, expansion joint, filletsealant joint, gask
27、et, hydrostatic pressure, isolation joint, fluid migration, joint filler, laitance, latex sealant, modulus, non-sagsealant, open cell, open cell material, open cell outgassing, premature deterioration, primer, reversion, rundown, seal, sealant,sealant backing, self-leveling sealant, service life, sh
28、elf-life, shrinkage, silicone sealant, skin, solvent release sealant, structuralsealant, substrate, tooling, tooling time, weathertight, working life (pot life).3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 precured sealant, na preformed, factory cured, elastomeric material.4. Significanc
29、e and Use4.1 This guide provides information and guidelines for consideration by the designer or applicator of a joint seal. It explainsthe properties and functions of various materials, such as sealant, sealant backing, and primer, among others; and, procedures suchas, substrate cleaning and primin
30、g, and installation of the components of a sealed joint. It presents guidelines for the use andapplication of the various materials, design of a sealant joint for a specific application, and environmental conditions and effectsthat are known to detrimentally affect a sealant joint. The information a
31、nd guidelines are also useful for those that supplyaccessories to the sealant industry and for those that install sealants and accessory materials associated with sealant use.C1193 1224.2 In addition to the design and installation data in this guide, consult the sealant manufacturer about applicatio
32、ns for itsproducts and their proper use and installation. Considering the range of properties of commercially available sealants, the varietyof joint designs possible, and the many conditions of use, the information contained herein is general in nature.4.3 It should be realized that a sealant and s
33、ealant joint are expected to have a design life during which they remain functional.However, a sealant and sealant joint will also have a service life. The intent is for service life to meet or exceed design life. Thereare many factors that can affect service life including type of sealant polymer,
34、sealant formulation, compatibility with adjacentmaterials, installation techniques or deficiencies, sealant joint design (or lack thereof), proper maintenance (or lack thereof), andenvironmental exposure, among others. The designer of a joint seal should take the above into consideration when design
35、ing andspecifying sealants for certain applications.4.4 The design life of a sealant or sealant joint should be considered in conjunction with the design life of the structure for whichit is used. For example, a building owner may require a new courthouse building to have an expected design life of
36、50 years.Therefore, elements of the buildings exterior envelope should, with proper maintenance, be expected to perform for that timeperiod. As a result of the information in 4.3 it should be realized that a sealant or sealant joint may not perform for that time periodwithout proper maintenance. Pro
37、per maintenance could include replacement of localized sealant and sealant joint failures andconceivably complete sealant replacement, perhaps more than once, during that 50 year time period depending on a sealantspolymer base and its particular formulation. Sealant replacement needs to be considere
38、d and when needed should be easilyaccomplished.4.5 To assist the user of the guide in locating specific information, a detailed listing of guide numbered sections and theirdescriptors are included in Appendix X2X1.5. General Considerations5.1 GeneralProper selection and use of a sealant is fundament
39、al to its ultimate performance, service life, and durability. Asealant joint subjected to movement and other similar performance factors should be designed for the particular application toavoid compromising its performance capability and causing failure (See 15). If not designed for the particular
40、application, failureis a distinct probability. Equally important is the proper selection and use of other materials and products associated with sealantuse. These include substrate cleaner, surface conditioner or primer, type of sealant backing material, bond-breaker, and joint filler,among others.
41、The ability of a sealant installation to remain weathertight is critically dependent on proper preparation, continuity,and durability of the substrates to which the sealant will adhere, and compatibility of the sealant with the materials it will contact,including the substrates. The proper applicati
42、on and installation of the various materials and products, following the establishedjoint design criteria, avoids premature deterioration of the sealant joint. For a sealant joint that is difficult or expensive to access(for example, tall buildings and certain roofs) a sealant should be selected tha
43、t will have excellent environmental weatheringcharacteristics to minimize maintenance. The following sections describe joint design guidelines and the properties and use of asealant and its associated materials.5.2 DurabilityThe durability of a sealant and a sealant joint is related to many factors.
44、 For example, environmental exposureto solar radiation, ozone, heat-aging, and atmospheric contaminants can lessen sealant durability. Inadequate constructiontolerances and improper sealant joint design for movement and other effects can contribute to sealant joint failure, which is usuallyexpressed
45、 as adhesive or cohesive failure of the sealant. Inadequate installation (for example, where the sealant profile isinappropriate for movement, where substrates have not been properly cleaned and, if required, primed, and the sealant inadequatelytooled, among others) is a common cause of failure. Con
46、ditions of exposure and design (where, for example, a sealant joint isexposed to constant wetting or to pedestrian or other traffic) can lessen sealant and sealant joint durability. The type of sealant, itsprimary polymer backbone, and the particular sealant formulation can also contribute to lessen
47、ed durability, especially if a sealantis used in an application, or under conditions of use, not appropriate for it. Frequently, various combinations of environmentalexposure and conditions of use occur which can result in lessened durability. For example, depending on sealant type, jointmovement co
48、mbined with heat aging and cold weather exposure or joint movement combined with heat aging and moisture canresult in failure. To enhance durability, it is important that the sealant type is matched to the conditions of use and exposure andthat the sealant joint is of proper design for those conditi
49、ons of use and exposure. In any event, eventual replacement of a sealantthat has reached its durability limit must be planned for in the initial design and installation to facilitate future remedial work.5.2.1 Durability TestingPresently, testing for sealant durability consists of exposing small-scale sealant samples to conditionsintended to simulate the effects of movements (as in Practice C719), and to artificial weathering by actinic radiation, moisture, andheat, without cycling movement, in a laboratory accelerated weathering device according to Practice C1442. Laborat
