1、Designation: C1222 09C1222 13Standard Practice forEvaluation of Laboratories Testing Hydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1222; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers the technical training and experience of laboratory testing personnel and identifies the minimumtechnical
3、requirements for laboratory equipment used in testing of hydraulic cement as prescribed by ASTM.1.2 This practice provides minimum criteria for evaluating the capability of a laboratory to perform chemical or physical testslisted in the various specifications on hydraulic cement (see Note 1).NOTE 1R
4、elevant hydraulic cement specifications are Specifications C91, C150, C595, C845, and Performance Specification C1157.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5、 safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C91 Specification for Masonry
6、CementC109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic CementC115 Test Method for Fineness of Portland Cement by the TurbidimeterC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Agg
7、regatesC150 Specification for Portland CementC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement MortarC187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement PasteC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat NeedleC204 Test Methods for Finenes
8、s of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability ApparatusC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic CementC266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-Cement Paste by Gillmore NeedlesC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraul
9、ic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement (Paste Method)C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC845 Specification for Expansive Hydraulic CementC1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic CementC1506 Test Method for Water
10、Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars and PlastersE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines2.2 Other Documents:ACI 116R Cement and Concrete Terminology33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct respon
11、sibility of Subcommittee C01.95 on Coordination of Standards.Current edition approved June 1, 2009Aug. 1, 2013. Published July 2009September 2013. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20062009 asC1222 06.C1222 09. DOI: 10.1520/C1222-09.10.1520/C1222-13.2 For referencedASTM
12、standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hill
13、s, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.aci-int.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM
14、 recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO B
15、ox C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.1 inspection, na process of measuring, examining, testing, gaging, or using other procedures to ascertain the quality orstate, detect errors or defects, or otherwise appraise materials, products, services, systems, or environments when com
16、pared topreestablished criteria.3.1.2 Additional definitions may be found in Terminologies C125 and C219, Practices E4, and ACI 116R.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 evaluation authority, nan independent entity, apart from the organization being evaluated, that can provide an
17、 unbiasedevaluation of the organization and shall have the capability to assess the technical activities of testing laboratories (see Discussion).3.2.1.1 DiscussionOne such evaluation authority is the Cement and Concrete Reference Laboratory (CCRL).4 Laboratory inspection is broadened intoaccreditat
18、ion programs by such independent authorities as the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP),5American Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA)6 AASHTO Accreditation Program (AAP),7 and others established.3.2.2 laboratory technician, nan employee of the laboratory who is as
19、signed to perform the actual testing operations primarilyconducted in the laboratory.3.2.3 quality systems, nthose internal procedures and practices that a laboratory utilizes to ensure continued compliance withapplicable testing standards.3.2.4 subcontracting, nemploying another organization to pro
20、vide testing services that the laboratory contracted to provide.3.2.5 testing laboratory, nan organization that measures, examines, performs tests, or otherwise determines the characteristicsor performance of materials or products. This may include organizations that offer commercial testing service
21、s, an in-house qualitycontrol function, an academic institution, or any other organization providing the specified testing services.4. Significance and Use4.1 The testing of hydraulic cement is an important element in obtaining quality construction. A testing laboratory must beselected with care.4.2
22、 A testing laboratory shall be deemed qualified to perform and report the results of its tests if the laboratory meets therequirements of this practice.4.3 This practice provides guidance for evaluating the organization, personnel, facilities, and quality systems of the laboratory.This practice may
23、be supplemented by criteria and requirements for particular projects.5. Documentation of Organization5.1 The following information shall be readily available for review:5.1.1 A description of the organization, including the complete legal name and address of the main office and each laboratorylocati
24、on, names and positions of the principal officers and the individual in charge of the laboratory,5.1.2 A description of the organization management structure, and5.1.3 A listing of the range of services offered.6. Human Resources6.1 The manager of the laboratory shall be a chemist, materials analyst
25、, or an engineer and a full-time employee of theorganization having at least three years supervisory experience in the testing of hydraulic cement; however, a person withequivalent science-oriented education or experience having satisfactorily directed testing of hydraulic cement is acceptable.7. Te
26、sting and Additional Requirements7.1 Testing RequirementsThe organization shall have the capability of performing tests associated with its range of services(see Note 2). The laboratory shall have the facilities and equipment required for preparing, storing, conditioning, and testingspecimens.NOTE 2
27、The range of services of a testing laboratory may involve either chemical testing or physical testing, or both. The laboratory need not performall tests listed in the applicable ASTM specification, but rather have the required equipment and demonstrate the ability to perform the procedures withinits
28、 reported range of services.4 CCRL, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 8618, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8618; www.ccrl.us.5 NVLAP, Standards Services Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 2140, Gaithersburg, MD 2089
29、9-2140.6 American Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA), 5301 Buckeystown Pike, Suite 350 Frederick, MD 21704; .7 Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001;www.transportation.org.C1222
30、 1327.1.1 The laboratory shall use the latest version of each referenced ASTM standard within one year of its publication in theAnnual Book of ASTM Standards except where an earlier version is specifically required.7.1.2 Laboratory personnel shall have convenient access to applicable standards.7.2 A
31、dditional RequirementsThe following requirements apply to only those tests performed by the laboratory. They areintended to supplement certain provisions of the standard test methods.7.2.1 Analytical balances and reference masses shall be checked at least annually and shall conform to the requiremen
32、ts of TestMethods C114.7.2.2 Flow tables shall be checked at least every 212 years using the calibration material described in SpecificationC230/C230M.7.2.3 Compression machines shall be verified, in accordance with Practices E4 at least annually to determine if indicated loads,with and without the
33、maximum load indicator (when so equipped), are accurate to 61.0 %.7.2.4 Compression machine bearing blocks shall be checked for planeness in accordance with the requirements of Test MethodC109/C109M at least annually using a straightedge and feeler stock and shall be refinished if found to be out of
34、 tolerance.7.2.3 Air content measures (400 mL) shall be calibrated at least every 212 years following the procedures described in TestMethod C185.7.2.4 Wagner turbidimeter apparatus shall be calibrated at least every six months using the procedures described in Test MethodC115.7.2.7 Cube molds and t
35、ampers shall be checked for conformance to the design and dimensional requirements of Test MethodC109/C109M at least every 212 years.7.2.5 Vicat apparatus and vicat ring shall be inspected and checked for conformance to Test Methods C187, C191, and C451at least every 212 years.7.2.9 Gillmore test ap
36、paratus shall be inspected and checked for conformance to the requirements of Test Method C266 at leastevery 212 years.7.2.6 Mechanical mixing apparatus shall be inspected and checked for conformance to the requirements of Practice C305 atleast every 212 years.7.2.7 Air-permeability apparatus and re
37、lated accessory equipment shall be calibrated and checked for conformance to TestMethod C204 at least every 212 years.7.2.7.1 Check determinations shall be made against standard or secondary standard reference samples every six months. If theresults exceed the precision of the test method, the appar
38、atus shall be recalibrated.7.2.8 Water-retention apparatus and related equipment shall be checked for conformance to Test Method C1506 at least every212 years.8. Subcontracting8.1 Subcontracting for the performance of part or all of a test method is permitted. When subcontracting is used the quality
39、 ofthe work provided must be ensured. The requirements for evaluation differ depending on the permanence of the subcontracting.8.2 Permanent SubcontractingWhen all or a portion of a test method is subcontracted on a permanent basis then thesubcontracted organization must be subjected to separate eva
40、luation according to this practice for the methods subcontracted. Thelaboratory shall retain a copy of this evaluation for review by the evaluation authority.8.3 Temporary SubcontractingWhen all or a portion of a test method is subcontracted on a temporary basis then thelaboratory shall ensure the q
41、uality of the subcontracted work. The level and type of assurance will depend on the extent of thesubcontracting (see Note 3). The laboratory shall retain records of this assurance for review by the evaluation authority.NOTE 3Some examples of assurance for different levels of temporary subcontractin
42、g are: (1) a review of calibrations records when the use of a pieceof equipment is subcontracted; and (2) a satisfactory rating on a proficiency sample when a method is subcontracted. Other means of assurance are testresults from a standard reference material or, in the case of chemical testing reco
43、rds of qualification testing.9. Quality System9.1 Quality System RequirementsThe laboratory shall establish a quality system for ensuring the quality of services offered.9.1.1 The laboratory shall maintain written documentation for the following:9.1.1.1 Procedures for sampling, handling, and testing
44、 the hydraulic cement,9.1.1.2 Procedures for training and evaluating laboratory personnel,9.1.1.3 Procedures for calibrating and maintaining test equipment, and9.1.1.4 Procedures for handling technical complaints from clients about results, procedures, or methods used.9.1.2 The laboratory shall main
45、tain current standard test methods and other pertinent reference material.9.1.3 The laboratory shall participate in the appropriate CCRL Cement Proficiency Sample Program (see Note 4).NOTE 4The CCRL offers proficiency sample programs for physical and chemical testing of portland and blended cements
46、and physical testing ofmasonry cement. The laboratory should participate in the program compatible with its scope.C1222 1339.1.4 Internal Quality System ReviewThe quality system shall contain a document describing the scope of internal qualitysystem reviews, establishing the frequency of these revie
47、ws, identifying individuals responsible for the review, describing thedistribution of reports to managements, procedures for handling deficiencies, and identifying the location of resulting records.10. Laboratory Records and Reports10.1 Quality System RecordsThe laboratory shall maintain records ind
48、icating compliance with the procedures described intheir quality system documentation. Records shall be maintained for at least five years. The records shall include at least thefollowing:10.1.1 Results of all calibrations and verifications performed in the laboratory,10.1.2 Traceability or accuracy
49、 of any in-house calibration or verification equipment used,10.1.3 An inventory and description of all required test equipment,10.1.4 Records on laboratory personnel that document work experience, education, on-the-job training, and action taken toensure continued competence in performing the required test methods,10.1.5 Records of audits and inspections by outside agencies and all reports or certifications, with applicable dates, of anyevaluations or accreditations issued by an evaluating authority, and10.1.6 Records of participation
