1、Designation: C1222 131C1222 17Standard Practice forEvaluation of Laboratories Testing Hydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1222; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEEditorially revised Footnotes 4 and 6 in April 2015.1. Scope*Scope1.1 This practice covers the technical training and experience of l
3、aboratory testing personnel and identifies the minimumtechnical requirements for laboratory equipment used in testing of hydraulic cement as prescribed by ASTM.1.2 This practice provides minimum criteria for evaluating the capability of a laboratory to perform chemical or physical testslisted in the
4、 various specifications on hydraulic cement (see Note 1).NOTE 1Relevant hydraulic cement specifications are Specifications C91, C150C150/C150M, C595C595/C595M, C845, and PerformanceSpecification C1157.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are
5、 included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability
6、of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trad
7、e Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C91 Specification for Masonry CementC109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydrau
8、lic CementC115C115/C115M Test Method for Fineness of Portland Cement by the TurbidimeterC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC150C150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC151/C151M Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic CementC185 Test Method for Air Content of H
9、ydraulic Cement MortarC187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement PasteC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat NeedleC204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability ApparatusC219 Terminology Relating to Hy
10、draulic CementC230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic CementC266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-Cement Paste by Gillmore NeedlesC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC430 Test Method for Fineness o
11、f Hydraulic Cement by the 45-m (No. 325) SieveC451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement (Paste Method)C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, andConcrete1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committ
12、ee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.95 on Coordination of Standards.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2017. Published September 2013October 2017. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20092013as C1222 09.C1222 131. DOI: 10.1520/C1
13、222-13E01.10.1520/C1222-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM stand
14、ard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases
15、 only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C511 Specificatio
16、n for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of HydraulicCements and ConcretesC595C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC845 Specification for Expansive Hydraulic CementC1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determinin
17、g Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical Testing ofHydraulic CementsC1222C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic CementC1506 Test Method for Water Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars and PlastersE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines2.2 Other Documents:ACI 116R Cement
18、 and Concrete Terminology33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 inspection, na process of measuring, examining, testing, gaging, or using other procedures to ascertain the quality orstate, detect errors or defects, or otherwise appraise materials, products, services, systems, or environments when comp
19、ared topreestablished criteria.3.1.2 Additional definitions may be found in Terminologies C125 and C219, Practices E4, and ACI 116R.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 evaluation authority, nan independent entity, apart from the organization being evaluated, that can provide an
20、unbiasedevaluation of the organization and shall have the capability to assess the technical activities of testing laboratories (see Discussion).3.2.1.1 DiscussionOne such evaluation authority is the Cement and Concrete Reference Laboratory (CCRL).4 Laboratory inspection is broadened intoaccreditati
21、on programs by such independent authorities as the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP),5American Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA)6 AASHTO Accreditation Program (AAP),7 and others established.3.2.2 laboratory technician, nan employee of the laboratory who is ass
22、igned to perform the actual testing operations primarilyconducted in the laboratory.3.2.3 quality systems, nthose internal procedures and practices that a laboratory utilizes to ensure continued compliance withapplicable testing standards.3.2.4 subcontracting, nemploying another organization to prov
23、ide testing services that the laboratory contracted to provide.3.2.5 testing laboratory, nan organization that measures, examines, performs tests, or otherwise determines the characteristicsor performance of materials or products. This may include organizations that offer commercial testing services
24、, an in-house qualitycontrol function, an academic institution, or any other organization providing the specified testing services.4. Significance and Use4.1 The testing of hydraulic cement is an important element in obtaining quality construction. A testing laboratory must beselected with care.4.2
25、A testing laboratory shall be deemed qualified to perform and report the results of its tests if the laboratory meets therequirements of this practice.4.3 This practice provides guidance for evaluating the organization, personnel, facilities, and quality systems of the laboratory.This practice may b
26、e supplemented by criteria and requirements for particular projects.5. Documentation of Organization5.1 The following information shall be readily available for review:3 Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.aci-int.org.4 CCRL, Na
27、tional Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 4441 Buckeystown Pike, Suite C Frederick, MD 21704; www.ccrl.us.5 NVLAP, Standards Services Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 2140, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-2140.6 American Association for Laborato
28、ry Accreditation (A2LA), 5202 Presidents Ct Suite 220, Frederick, MD 21703; www.a2la.org.7 Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001;www.transportation.org.C1222 1725.1.1 A description of the or
29、ganization, including the complete legal name and address of the main office and each laboratorylocation, names and positions of the principal officers and the individual in charge of the laboratory,5.1.2 A description of the organization management structure, and5.1.3 A listing of the range of serv
30、ices offered.6. Human Resources6.1 The manager of the laboratory shall be a chemist, materials analyst, or an engineer and a full-time employee of theorganization having at least three years supervisory experience in the testing of hydraulic cement; however, a person withequivalent science-oriented
31、education or experience having satisfactorily directed testing of hydraulic cement is acceptable.7. Testing and Additional Requirements7.1 Testing RequirementsThe organization shall have the capability of performing tests associated with its range of services(see Note 2). The laboratory shall have t
32、he facilities and equipment required for preparing, storing, conditioning, and testingspecimens.NOTE 2The range of services of a testing laboratory may involve either chemical testing or physical testing, or both. The laboratory need not performall tests listed in the applicable ASTM specification,
33、but rather have the required equipment and demonstrate the ability to perform the procedures withinits reported range of services.7.1.1 The laboratory shall use the latest version of each referenced ASTM standard within one year of its publication in theAnnual Book of ASTM Standards except where an
34、earlier version is specifically required.7.1.2 Laboratory personnel shall have convenient access to applicable standards.7.2 Additional RequirementsThe following requirements apply to only those tests performed by the laboratory. They areintended to supplement certain provisions of the standard test
35、 methods.7.2.1 Analytical balances and reference masses shall be checked at least annually and shall conform to the requirements of TestMethods C114.7.2.2 Flow tables shall be checked at least every 212 years using the calibration material described in SpecificationC230/C230M.7.2.3 Air content measu
36、res (400 mL) shall be calibrated at least every 212 years following the procedures described in TestMethod C185.7.2.2 Wagner turbidimeter apparatus shall be calibrated at least every six months using the procedures described in Test MethodC115C115/C115M.7.2.5 Vicat apparatus and vicat ring shall be
37、inspected and checked for conformance to Test Methods C187, C191, and C451at least every 212 years.7.2.6 Mechanical mixing apparatus shall be inspected and checked for conformance to the requirements of Practice C305 atleast every 212 years.7.2.3 Air-permeability apparatus and related accessory equi
38、pment shall be calibrated and checked for conformance to TestMethod C204 at least every 212 years.7.2.3.1 Check determinations shall be made against standard or secondary standard reference samples every six months. If theresults exceed the precision of the test method, the apparatus shall be recali
39、brated.7.2.8 Water-retention apparatus and related equipment shall be checked for conformance to Test Method C1506 at least every212 years.8. Subcontracting8.1 Subcontracting for the performance of part or all of a test method is permitted. When subcontracting is used the quality ofthe work provided
40、 must be ensured. The requirements for evaluation differ depending on the permanence of the subcontracting.8.2 Permanent SubcontractingWhen all or a portion of a test method is subcontracted on a permanent basis then thesubcontracted organization must be subjected to separate evaluation according to
41、 this practice for the methods subcontracted. Thelaboratory shall retain a copy of this evaluation for review by the evaluation authority.8.3 Temporary SubcontractingWhen all or a portion of a test method is subcontracted on a temporary basis then thelaboratory shall ensure the quality of the subcon
42、tracted work. The level and type of assurance will depend on the extent of thesubcontracting (see Note 3). The laboratory shall retain records of this assurance for review by the evaluation authority.NOTE 3Some examples of assurance for different levels of temporary subcontracting are: (1) a review
43、of calibrations records when the use of a pieceof equipment is subcontracted; and (2) a satisfactory rating on a proficiency sample when a method is subcontracted. Other means of assurance are testresults from a standard reference material or, in the case of chemical testing records of qualification
44、 testing.9. Quality System9.1 Quality System RequirementsThe laboratory shall establish a quality system for ensuring the quality of services offered.9.1.1 The laboratory shall maintain written documentation for the following:C1222 1739.1.1.1 Procedures for sampling, handling, and testing the hydrau
45、lic cement,9.1.1.2 Procedures for training and evaluating laboratory personnel,9.1.1.3 Procedures for calibrating and maintaining test equipment, and9.1.1.4 Procedures for handling technical complaints from clients about results, procedures, or methods used.9.1.2 The laboratory shall maintain curren
46、t standard test methods and other pertinent reference material.9.1.3 The laboratory shall participate in the appropriate CCRL Cement Proficiency Sample Program (see Note 4).NOTE 4The CCRL offers proficiency sample programs for physical and chemical testing of portland and blended cements and physica
47、l testing ofmasonry cement. The laboratory should participate in the program compatible with its scope.9.1.4 Internal Quality System ReviewThe quality system shall contain a document describing the scope of internal qualitysystem reviews, establishing the frequency of these reviews, identifying indi
48、viduals responsible for the review, describing thedistribution of reports to managements, procedures for handling deficiencies, and identifying the location of resulting records.10. Laboratory Records and Reports10.1 Quality System RecordsThe laboratory shall maintain records indicating compliance w
49、ith the procedures described intheir quality system documentation. Records shall be maintained for at least five years. The records shall include at least thefollowing:10.1.1 Results of all calibrations and verifications performed in the laboratory,10.1.2 Traceability or accuracy of any in-house calibration or verification equipment used,10.1.3 An inventory and description of all required test equipment,10.1.4 Records on laboratory personnel that document work experience, education, on-the-job training, and action taken toensure continued compet
