1、Designation: C 1315 07Standard Specification forLiquid Membrane-Forming Compounds Having SpecialProperties for Curing and Sealing Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1315; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the ca
2、se of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification provides requirements for membrane-forming liquids suitable for use a
3、s curing compounds andsealers on freshly placed concrete and as sealers on hardenedconcrete. These membranes have special properties, such as,alkali resistance, acid resistance, adhesion-promoting qualities,and resistance to degradation by UV light.NOTE 1For liquid membrane-forming curing compounds
4、specifiedprimarily by their ability to retain water in newly placed concrete (and bydrying time, and for white pigmented products, reflectance), see Specifi-cation C 309.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. (Inch pound units are shown in parentheses).1.3 The following
5、 precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 8, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpracti
6、ces and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.1.4 This is a performance specification. The allowablecomposition of products covered by this specification is limitedby various local, regional, and national regulations. Issuesrelated to air quality (solvent emission), wor
7、ker exposure, andother hazards are not addressed here. It is the responsibility ofthe producers and users of these materials to comply withpertinent regulations.WarningSome VOC exempt solvents used to meet theregulations are extremely flammable with low auto ignitiontemperatures and rapid evaporatio
8、n rates. Consult the manu-facturers product information sheet for important applicationand safety information.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 156 Test Method for Water Retention by LiquidMembrane-Forming Curing Compounds for ConcreteC 309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-po
9、unds for Curing ConcreteD 869 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Settling ofPaintD 1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals onClear and Pigmented Organic FinishesD 1309 Test Method for Settling Properties of Traffic PaintsDuring StorageD 1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids(
10、Gardner Color Scale)D 1734 Practice for Making Cementitious Panels for Test-ing CoatingsD 2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of CoatingsD 2371 Test Method for Pigment Content of Solvent-Reducible PaintsD 3723 Test Method for Pigment Content of Water-Emulsion Paints by Low-Temperature AshingD 4541
11、 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of CoatingsUsing Portable Adhesion TestersE 1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus ColorimetryG 154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatusfor UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials2.2 Other Standard:ANSI A136.11992 Typ
12、e I Organic Adhesives for Installa-tion of Ceramic Tile33. Classification3.1 The following types of liquid membrane-forming com-pounds are included:3.1.1 Type IClear or translucent, and1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the d
13、irect responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.22 on Materials Applied to New Concrete Surfaces.Current edition approved June 1, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally approvedin 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C 1315-06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, o
14、rcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3American National Standard Specifications for the Installation of Ceramic Tile,1992, Tile Council of America, P.O. Box 1787, Clemso
15、n, SC 29633-1787.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.2 Type IIWhite pigmented.3.2 The curing compound shall conform to one of thefollowing classes:3.2.
16、1 Class A curing compounds conform to the require-ments of 6.4.1, and are essentially non-yellowing,3.2.2 Class B curing compounds conform to the require-ments of 6.4.2, where moderate yellowing is not prohibited,and3.2.3 Class C curing compounds are not restricted withregard to yellowing or darkeni
17、ng, and are for use where thecolor changes are acceptable.NOTE 2Polymer materials known to satisfy the durability require-ments of this document include, but are not limited to, chlorinated rubbers,styrene-acrylate and styrene-butadiene copolymers. These polymers havedemonstrated their durability by
18、 their ability to adhere to concrete and notbe affected by the alkalies from cement.NOTE 3Pigmented colors other than white, or other special attributes,are beyond the scope of this specification and are subject to negotiationbetween the purchaser and the supplier.4. Ordering Information4.1 The purc
19、haser shall include the following information inthe purchase order when applicable:4.1.1 Type and class of liquid membrane-forming com-pound to be furnished,4.1.2 Rate of application to be used to determine conform-ance to this specification,4.1.2.1 For Type I compounds if not specified, the liquidm
20、embrane-forming material shall be applied by uniform spray-ing at a rate of 7.4 m2/L (300 ft2/gal) for testing purposes.4.1.2.2 For Type II compounds, if not specified, the liquidmembrane-forming material shall be applied by uniform spray-ing at a rate of 5.0 m2/L (200 ft2/gal) for testing purposes.
21、NOTE 4The application rate used for testing may or may not be thesame as the rate used for field application. Many agencies use the samerate for field application on relatively smooth surfaces as the rate used fortesting, while requiring a substantially greater application rate on deeplytextured sur
22、faces.4.1.3 The intended method of application (for example:spraying, brushing, or by roller). If not specified, materialsshall be of a sprayable consistency.5. General Requirements5.1 Type I liquid membrane-forming compound shall beclear or translucent and have a minimum of 25 % solids bymass when
23、tested in accordance with 8.5.5.2 Type II liquid membrane-forming compound shall con-sist of finely divided white pigment and vehicle integrallyready mixed for immediate use as is and have a minimum of25 % vehicle solids by mass when tested in accordance with8.6. The membrane-forming compound shall
24、present a uniformwhite appearance when applied uniformly to a new concretesurface at the specified rate of application.NOTE 5Although this is a performance specification, a minimumvehicle solids content is specified in order to provide an approximately0.025 mm (1 mil) thick dry film at the specified
25、 rate of application. Thisfilm thickness is considered necessary to achieve the desired characteris-tics.5.3 Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall be of sucha consistency that they can be readily applied by spraying, orby brushing or rolling, to form a uniform coating at tempera-tures above 4 C (4
26、0 F).NOTE 6For uniform application in the field on vertical concretesurfaces, the specified rate of application may be achieved by two coats,each applied at one half the normal rate with approximately 1 h dryingtime between coats or in accordance with manufacturers recommenda-tions.5.4 Liquid membra
27、ne-forming compounds shall adhere tofreshly-placed concrete that has stiffened or set sufficiently toresist marring during application. Liquid membrane-formingcompounds shall also adhere to damp or dry, hardened concretesurfaces. In every case, the compound shall form a continuousfilm after applicat
28、ion at the specified rate.5.5 Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall not reactdeleteriously with concrete. Deleterious reactions are detectedby scratching the surface of a mortar specimen used for thewater-retention test with a knife or screwdriver, not less than72 h after application, and comparin
29、g with the surface hardnesssimilarly determined on a similar specimen that has been moistcured for one half the time.Any softening of the treated surfaceshall be considered sufficient cause for rejection of the com-pound.5.5.1 Testing for deleterious reactions is not needed on aroutine basis. Howeve
30、r, it must be done when testing com-pounds of a new or unknown composition.5.6 Liquid membrane-forming compounds shall be storablefor at least 6 months without deterioration. Compounds of thewater emulsion type shall not be exposed to freezing. Type IIliquid membrane-forming compounds shall be capab
31、le of beingmixed to a uniform consistency by stirring or agitation. Whentested for long term settling, as is stated in 8.4, the compoundshall have a rating of not less than 4.6. Specific Characteristics6.1 Water RetentionLiquid membrane-forming com-pounds, when tested in accordance with 8.1 shall re
32、strict theloss of water to not more than 0.40 kg/m2in 72 h.6.2 ReflectanceType II liquid membrane-forming com-pounds, when tested in accordance with 8.2 shall exhibit adaylight reflectance of not less than 65 %. Reflectance proper-ties are only for white pigmented materials.6.3 Drying TimeLiquid mem
33、brane-forming compounds,when tested in accordance with 8.3 shall dry to touch in notmore than 4 h.6.4 Ultraviolet Light (UV) Degradation-Yellowing Whentested in accordance with 8.7.6, compounds shall be durableand remain as a complete film, free of blisters, peeling, orflaking on the surface of the
34、mortar panel.6.4.1 Class A Type I or Type II compounds shall have acolor equal to or lighter than Gardner Color Standard No. 1when tested in accordance with 8.7.6.6.4.2 Class B Type I or Type II compounds shall have acolor equal to or lighter than Gardner Color Standard No. 3when tested in accordanc
35、e with 8.7.6.6.4.3 Class C shall not be tested for yellowing.6.5 Acid and Alkali Resistance:C13150726.5.1 The cured membrane, when tested in accordance with8.7.7 for 48 h, shall not pin-hole, blister or disintegrate.6.6 Adhesion This requirement is to assure that theproduct being specified does not
36、reduce the bonding effective-ness of adhesives commonly used to adhere flooring materialssuch as ceramic tile, resilient tile, wood flooring and carpet toconcrete.6.6.1 When tested in accordance with 8.8, surfaces coatedwith the membrane-forming compound shall pass the perfor-mance requirement of 8.
37、8.5.7. Sampling7.1 Samples shall be taken either at the plant or warehouseprior to delivery, or at the point of delivery, at the option of thepurchaser. If sampling is done prior to shipment, the inspectorrepresenting the purchaser shall have free access to thematerials being sampled and shall be af
38、forded all reasonablefacilities for inspection and sampling.7.2 Thoroughly shake or stir liquid membrane-formingcompounds before taking a sample. Take one sample for eachlot, batch, or other unit of production in a shipment. If theliquid membrane-forming compound is in mixing tanks or vats,one third
39、 of the sample shall represent the material comingfrom the tank at the beginning of the filling operation, one thirdshall represent the material coming at the middle of the fillingoperation, and one third shall represent the material coming atthe end of the filling operation. If the liquid membrane-
40、formingcompound to be sampled is in containers, obtain a sample bytaking a portion out of a number of containers equal in numberto the next integer larger than the cube root of the total numberof containers in the lot.7.3 Seal all of the filled containers represented by thesample to prevent leakage,
41、 substitution or dilution. The sam-pling agency shall mark each container represented by thesample with a suitable identification mark for later identifica-tion and correlation.8. Test Methods8.1 Water Retention TestUsing Test Method C 156 at anapplication rate of 7.4 m2/L(300 ft2/gal) for Type I co
42、mpoundsand 5.0 m2/L (200 ft2/gal) for Type II compounds, test forwater retention.8.2 Reflectance TestUsing Test Method E 1347, deter-mine the daylight reflectance of Type II membrane-formingcompound on a mortar specimen after completion of the waterretention test.8.3 Drying Time Test:8.3.1 ScopeThis
43、 test method is used to determine thelength of time for a liquid membrane-forming curing com-pound to dry to the touch.8.3.2 Significance and UseThe ability of a liquidmembrane-forming compound to dry in a suitable length oftime enables the user the ability to perform other tasks on theconcrete, suc
44、h as sawing joints, and the like without lifting themembrane from the concrete by tracking.8.3.3 ProcedureApply the membrane-forming compoundto a fresh mortar specimen at the specified rate of applicationand expose it to air at 23 6 2C(736 4 F), 50 6 10 %relative humidity and at an air velocity of a
45、pproximately 180m/min (600 ft/min) horizontally across the surface of the testspecimen. Test the film with a finger using moderate pressure.Consider the film to be dry when the soft tacky condition nolonger exists and the film feels firm.8.3.4 Precision and BiasThe precision of the procedurefor meas
46、uring the drying time of liquid membrane-formingcompounds is being determined. The test method has no biasbecause there is not any acceptable reference material.8.4 Long Term Settling TestUse Test Method D 1309 forroutine testing. In the case of dispute, use Test Method D 869.8.5 Solids Test (Type I
47、)Test in accordance with TestMethod D 2369.8.6 Vehicle Solids Test (Type II) Determine total nonvola-tile content in accordance with Test Method D 2369, andpigment solids in accordance with Test Method D 2371 forsolvent-borne products or Test Method D 3723 for water-borneproducts. Calculate percent
48、vehicle solids as percent totalsolids minus percent pigment solids.NOTE 7This procedure is not satisfactory for water-borne productscontaining organic colorants or filler, or pigments which dehydrate ordecompose below 230 C (450 F).8.7 UV Degradation, Yellowing, Acid, and Alkali Resis-tance:8.7.1 Sc
49、opeThis procedure is used to evaluate the resis-tance of the membrane to the effects of UV radiation, acid, andalkali.8.7.2 Significance and UseCuring membranes are ex-posed to water and alkali in concrete and frequently aresubjected to ultraviolet light, any or all of which can degradesome polymers. These tests are used to evaluate durablemembranes. Polymers used in formulations to comply withthese requirements are alkali and acid resistant and adhere wellto concrete surfaces. As such, they are suitable for use undermany latex and alkyd base paints an
