1、Designation: C1405 15Standard Specification forGlazed Brick (Single Fired, Brick Units)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1405; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number
2、in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers brick, having a ceramic glazefinish fused to the body during the same process as the unitbody firing, that are inte
3、nded for use in masonry and supplyingstructural or facing components, or both, to the structure. Thisspecification does not cover double-fired glazed brick. Somedouble-fired decorative glazes have physical properties, whichvary from those of single-fired glazes due to the lowertemperatures used in a
4、pplying the decorative coating.1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply atthe time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brickextracted from masonry structures for determining confor-mance or nonconformance to the property requirements of thisspecification is beyond the sc
5、ope of this specification.1.3 Glazed brick are prismatic units available in a variety ofsizes, textures, colors, and shapes. Glazed brick are manufac-tured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthysubstances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevatedtemperatures (firing). The heat t
6、reatment shall develop a firedbond between the particulate constituents to provide thestrength and durability requirements of this specification (seeTerminology C1232).1.4 Glazed brick are shaped during manufacture bymolding, pressing, or extrusion, and the shaping method is away to describe the bri
7、ck.1.5 Glazed brick are classified into one of two grades, one oftwo types, one of two classes, and one of three divisions.1.6 Opacity of the glaze is not required unless specified bythe purchaser.1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory material. These no
8、tes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of this standard.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand
9、are not considered standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations
10、prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick andStructural Clay TileC1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies forMasonryC1232 Terminology of MasonryE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials2.2 NFPA S
11、tandard:NFPA No. 255 Test for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials32.3 UL Standard:UL No. 723 Flammability Studies of Cellular Plastics andOther Building Materials Used for Interior Finishes42.4 ICBO Standard:UBC No. 42-1 Test Method for Fire Hazard Classification ofBuilding Material
12、53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this specification are definedin accordance with Terminology C1232.4. Classification4.1 GradesGrades classify glazed brick according to theirpermissible variation in face dimension as follows. Whengrade is not specified, the requirements for Grade S govern
13、.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 onManufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile.Current edition approved March 1, 2015. Published March 2015. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition a
14、pproved in 2014 as C1405 14. DOI:10.1520/C1405-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available
15、from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.4Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd.,Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.5Available from the International Conference of Building Officials, 5360 SouthWorkman Mi
16、ll Road, Whittier, CA 90601.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.1 Grade S (Standard), units for use where standarddimensional tolerances are desired.4.1.
17、2 Grade SS (Select Sized), units for use where a higherdegree of precision and lower permissible variation in size aredesired.4.2 TypesTwo types of glazed brick are covered. Whentype is not specified, the requirements for Type I govern.4.2.1 Type I (Single-Faced Units), for general use whereonly one
18、 face is finished.4.2.2 Type II (Two-Faced Units), for use where two oppositefaces are finished.4.3 ClassesTwo classes of glazed brick are covered.When class is not specified, the requirements for Class Exteriorgovern.4.3.1 Class Exterior, for exterior applications.4.3.2 Class Interior, for interior
19、 applications.4.4 DivisionsThree divisions of glazed brick are covered.Divisions identify the amount and placement of hollow spaces(cores, cells and deep frogs) in the cross section of the unit. Inthe Division nomenclature, H shall be understood to meanhollow, and V shall be understood to mean void.
20、4.4.1 Division SolidBrick with void area less than orequal to 25 % of its gross cross sectional area, measured in anyplane parallel to the surface containing the cores, cells, or deepfrogs.4.4.2 Division H40VBrick with void area greater than25 % but less than or equal to 40 % of its gross cross sect
21、ionalarea, measured in any plane parallel to the surface containingthe cores, cells, or deep frogs.4.4.3 Division H60VBrick with void area greater than40 % but less than or equal to 60 % of its gross cross sectionalarea, measured in any plane parallel to the surface containingthe cores, cells, or de
22、ep frogs. The shell thicknesses shallcomply with the requirements in Table 1. See Fig. 1.5. Physical Properties5.1 DurabilityGlazed brick shall conform to the physicalproperties requirements for the class specified as prescribed inTable 2 or in 5.1.1 or 5.1.2. For the compressive strengthrequirement
23、s, test the unit with the compressive force perpen-dicular to the bed surface of the unit, with the unit in thestretcher position.NOTE 1The physical property requirements for durability are basedupon correlation of these physical properties and freeze-thaw testing ofunits in standard production. The
24、y indicate durability. Conformance withthese property requirements provides a reasonable level of confidence asto durability in lieu of freeze-thaw testing.5.1.1 Strength and Absorption Requirements AlternateThe saturation coefficient requirement for Class Exterior doesnot apply, provided the averag
25、e compressive strength of arandom sample of five brick equals or exceeds 8000 psi (55.2MPa) with no individual strength less than 7500 psi (51.8MPa).Additionally, the 24-h cold water absorption of each unitshall not exceed 6.0 %.5.1.2 Freezing and Thawing AlternativeThe requirementsfor cold water ab
26、sorption (5.1.1) and absorption and saturationcoefficient (Table 2) for Class Exterior do not apply, provideda sample of five brick, meeting the strength requirements ofTable 2, passes the freezing and thawing test as described in theRating Section of the Freezing and Thawing test procedures ofTest
27、Methods C67.NOTE 2The 50 cycle freezing and thawing test is used as analternative only when units do not conform to either Table 2 requirementsfor maximum water absorption and saturation coefficient, or to therequirements of the Strength and Absorption Alternate in 5.1.1.TABLE 1 Division H60VHollow
28、Glazed Brick Minimum Thickness of Face Shells and Webs, in. (mm)Nominal Width of Unit Face Shell Type End ShellsSolid Cored or Double Shell3 and 4 (76 and 102)34 (19.0) .34 (19.0)6 (152) 1 (25.4) 112 (38.1) 1 (25.4)8 (203) 114 (31.8) 112 (38.1) 1 (25.4)10 (254) 138 (34.9) 158 (41.3) 118 (28.6)12 (30
29、5) 112 (38.1) 2 (50.8) 118 (28.6)FIG. 1 Types of Hollow Glazed Brick UnitsC1405 1525.1.2.1 Class Exterior: Breakage and Weight LossRequirementNo individual unit separates or disintegratesresulting in a weight loss greater than 0.5 % of its original dryweight.5.1.2.2 Class Exterior: Cracking Requirem
30、entNo indi-vidual unit develops a crack that exceeds, in length, the unitsleast dimension.5.2 StrengthWhen glazed brick are required havingstrengths greater than prescribed by this specification, thepurchaser shall specify the desired average compressivestrength and the individual minimum compressiv
31、e strength.5.3 Initial Rate of Absorption (IRA)Determine results forIRA in accordance with Test Methods C67 and furnish resultsat the request of the specifier or purchaser.NOTE 3Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction)IRA is not a qualifyingcondition or property of units in this specification. This prop
32、erty ismeasured in order to assist in mortar selection and material handling in theconstruction process.6. Efflorescence6.1 When the brick are tested in accordance with TestMethods C67, the rating for efflorescence shall be: “noteffloresced.”7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations7.1 The dimensions
33、 of brick shall be as specified by thepurchaser. In a sample of ten brick selected to represent theextreme range of sizes of brick to be supplied, no brick shalldepart from the specified dimensions by more than the indi-vidual tolerance for the grade specified as prescribed in Table3, Column A. The
34、average size of ten brick sample shall bedetermined, and no brick in the job lot (delivered brick) shallvary from this average size by more than the individualtolerance for the grade specified as prescribed in Table 3,Column B. No individual brick in the job lot shall fall outsideof the dimensional
35、tolerances of Table 3.7.2 WarpageTolerances for warpage of surfaces or edgesintended to be exposed in use of individual brick from a planesurface and from a straight line, respectively, shall not exceedthe maximum for the grade specified as prescribed in Table 4.7.3 Out-of-SquareThe maximum permitte
36、d dimension forout-of-square of the exposed face of the brick is332 in. (2.4mm).NOTE 4Linear dimensions and flat surfaces of specially shaped brickshall meet the requirements for size and warpage, respectively, of thespecified grade. Tolerances for size and warpage of nonlinear dimensionsand surface
37、s, and out-of-square shall be determined by agreement with themanufacturer.8. Finish and Appearance8.1 The body of the units shall be free of defects,deficiencies, and other imperfections that would interfere withthe proper setting of the brick or significantly impair thestrength or performance of t
38、he construction.8.2 The color, color range, and texture shall be specified bythe purchaser. The stretcher face of the brick and the exposedface(s) of shapes shall have the same general texture, colorrange, and glaze as the approved sample. The texture of theglazed surfaces shall conform to an approv
39、ed sample of notless than four stretcher brick, each representing the texturedesired. The color range shall be indicated by the approvedsample.8.2.1 Where brick are required having faces glazed otherthan those identified by type (Section 4), the purchaser shallspecify faces to be glazed and the quan
40、tity of brick needed.NOTE 5Special brick shapes may be desired by the purchaser that donot meet all of the requirements of this specification (see 8.2.1). ConsultTABLE 2 Physical RequirementsDesignationMinimum Compressive Strength,psi (MPa), Gross AreaMaximumWaterAbsorption by24-h Cold, 7Maximum Sat
41、uration CoefficientAAverage of 5BrickIndividual Individual Average of 5BrickIndividualClass Exterior 6000 (41.4) 5000 (34.8) 7.0 0.78 0.80Class Interior 3000 (20.7) 2500 (17.2)AThe saturation coefficient is the ratio of absorption by 24 h submersion in cold water to that after 5 h submersion in boil
42、ing water.TABLE 3 Tolerances on DimensionsSpecified Dimension orAverage Brick Size in JobLot Sample, in. (mm)Maximum Permissible Variation in Dimensions, in. (mm)plus or minus from:Column A(for Specified Dimension)Column B(for Average Brick Size in Job Lot Sample)AGrade S Grade SS Grade S Grade SS3
43、(76) and under116 (1.6)116 (1.6)116 (1.6)116 (1.6)Over 3-4 (76-102), incl332 (2.4)116 (1.6)116 (1.6)116 (1.6)Over 4-6 (102-152), incl18 (3.2)116 (1.6)332 (2.4)116 (1.6)Over 6-8 (152-203), incl532 (4.0)116 (1.6)332 (2.4)116 (1.6)Over 8-12 (203-305), incl732 (5.6)116 (1.6)18 (3.2)116 (1.6)Over 12-16 (
44、305-406), incl932 (7.1)116 (1.6)316 (4.8)116 (1.6)ALot size shall be determined by agreement between purchaser and seller. If not specified, lot size shall be understood to include all brick of one size and color in thejob order.C1405 153the manufacturer for the availability of specialty units suita
45、ble for theintended purposes.8.3 The face(s) to be glazed shall be covered with a ceramicglaze of uniform quality. The glaze shall be free of chips,crazes, blisters, crawling, or other imperfections detractingfrom the appearance of the designated sample when viewedunder diffused lighting from a dist
46、ance, at right angles to thesample, of 15 ft (4.57 m) for Class Exterior units and 5 ft (1.52m) for Class Interior units.8.4 Overspray of glazes onto adjacent faces of the unitsshall be regulated by the manufacturer. Residue resulting fromthe glazing operation shall not interfere with the proper set
47、tingof the units or significantly impair the strength or performanceof the construction.NOTE 6Consult the manufacturer for the extent of overspray commonin production. Should other limits on allowable overspray be desired, themanufacturer shall be consulted for availability.8.5 The number of glazed
48、brick in a delivery that are brokenor otherwise fail to meet the requirements for chippage andtolerances shall not exceed 5 %.8.6 After brick are handled by the purchaser, the manufac-turer or the manufacturers agent shall not be held responsiblefor compliance of brick with the requirements of this
49、specifi-cation for chippage and tolerances.8.7 Properties of Glaze:8.7.1 ImperviousnessWhen tested for imperviousness,11.1.1, no stain that can be seen from a distance of 5 ft (1.5 m)shall remain on or beneath the surface, except a slightdiscoloration in the depressions on matt, stippled, or mottledglazes and in the crevices formed into the unit face(s) provid-ing surface features.8.7.2 Resistance to FadingWhen tested for chemicalresistance, 11.1.2, the color of the glaze shall not change fromthe approved
