1、Designation: C142/C142M 10American Association of StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No. T112Standard Test Method forClay Lumps and Friable Particles in Aggregates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C142/C142M; the number immediately following the designation i
2、ndicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies
3、 of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the approximate determinationof clay lumps and friable particles in aggregates.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equ
4、ivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.NOTE 1Sieve sizes openings are identified by their Specification E11designation with their alternative Specification E11 designation given inp
5、arentheses for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitati
6、ons prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-m (No. 200)Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC1005 Specification for Reference Masses an
7、d Devices forDetermining Mass and Volume for Use in the PhysicalTesting of Hydraulic CementsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is of primary significance in determin-ing the acceptability of aggregate with respect to the requir
8、e-ments of Specification C33.4. Apparatus4.1 BalanceAbalance or scale accurate to within 0.1 % ofthe mass of the test sample at any point within the range of use.Balances shall conform to the accuracy of the applicablesections of Specification C1005.4.2 ContainersRust-resistant containers of a size
9、andshape that will permit the spreading of the sample on thebottom in a thin layer.4.3 SievesSieves conforming to Specification E11.4.4 Drying OvenAn oven providing free circulation of airand capable of maintaining a temperature of 110 6 5 C 2306 10 F.5. Samples5.1 Aggregate for this test method sha
10、ll consist of thematerial remaining after completion of testing in accordancewith Test Method C117. To provide the quantities designated in5.3 and 5.4, it may be necessary to combine material frommore than one test by Test Method C117.5.2 Dry the aggregate to substantially constant mass at atemperat
11、ure of 110 6 5 C 230 6 10 F.5.3 Test samples of fine aggregate shall consist of theparticles coarser than a 1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve and shall havea mass not less than 25 g.5.4 Separate the test samples of coarse aggregate intodifferent sizes, using the following sieves: 4.75-mm (No. 4),9.5-mm (38-in.
12、), 19.0-mm (34-in.), and 37.5-mm (112-in.). Thetest sample shall have a mass not less than indicated in thefollowing table:Size of Particles Making UpTest SampleMass of Test Sample,min, g1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the d
13、irect responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.20 on Normal Weight Aggregates.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2010. Published January 2011. Originallyapproved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C14297(2004). DOI:10.1520/C0142_C0142M-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM websit
14、e, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States
15、.4.75 to 9.5-mm (No. 4 to38-in.) 10009.5 to 19.0-mm (38 to34-in.) 200019.0 to 37.5-mm (34 to 112-in.) 3000Over 37.5-mm (112-in.) 50005.5 In the case of mixtures of fine and coarse aggregates,separate the material on the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve, andprepare the samples of fine and coarse aggregates in a
16、ccor-dance with 5.3 and 5.4.6. Procedure6.1 Determine the mass of the test sample to the accuracyspecified in 4.1 and spread it in a thin layer on the bottom of thecontainer, cover it with distilled water, and soak it for a periodof 24 6 4 h. Roll and squeeze particles individually betweenthe thumb
17、and forefinger to attempt to break the particle intosmaller sizes. Do not use the fingernails to break up particles,or press particles against a hard surface or each other. Classifyany particles that can be broken with the fingers into finesremovable by wet sieving as clay lumps or friable particles
18、.After all discernible clay lumps and friable particles have beenbroken, separate the detritus from the remainder of the sampleby wet sieving over the sieve prescribed in the following table:Size of Sieve for RemovingSize of Particles Making Up Residue of Clay Lumps andSample Friable ParticlesFine a
19、ggregate (retained on1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve)850-m (No. 20)4.75 to 9.5-mm (No. 4 to38-in.) 2.36-mm (No. 8)9.5 to 19.0-mm (38 to34-in.) 4.75-mm (No. 4)19.0 to 37.5-mm (34 to 112-in.) 4.75-mm (No. 4)Over 37.5-mm (112-in.) 4.75-mm (No. 4)Perform the wet sieving by passing water over the samplethrough th
20、e sieve while manually agitating the sieve, until allundersize material has been removed.6.2 Remove the retained particles carefully from the sieve,dry to substantially constant mass at a temperature of 110 6 5C 230 6 10 F, allow to cool, and determine the mass to thenearest 0.1 % of the mass of the
21、 test sample as defined in 5.3or 5.4.7. Calculation7.1 Calculate the percent of clay lumps and friable particlesin fine aggregate or individual sizes of coarse aggregate asfollows:P 5 M 2 R!/M 3 100 (1)where:P = percent of clay lumps and friable particles,M = mass of test sample (for fine aggregate
22、the mass of theportion coarser than the 1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve asdescribed in 5.3), andR = mass of particles retained on designated sieve asdetermined in accordance with 6.2.7.2 For coarse aggregates, the percent of clay lumps andfriable particles shall be an average based on the percent ofclay lump
23、s and friable particles in each sieve size fractionweighted in accordance with the grading of the original samplebefore separation or, preferably, the average grading of thesupply represented by the sample. Should the aggregate con-tain less than 5 % of any of the sizes specified in 6.1, that sizesh
24、all not be tested but, for the purpose of calculating theweighted average, shall be considered to contain the samepercent of clay lumps and friable particles as the next larger ornext smaller size, whichever is present.8. Precision and Bias8.1 Precision3The estimate of the precision of this testmeth
25、od is provisional and is based on samples of one fineaggregate that was tested by ten different operators at ninedifferent laboratories. For that sample, the average “percent ofclay lumps and friable particles” in the aggregate was 1.2 %,and the standard deviation was 0.6 %. Based on this standardde
26、viation, the acceptable range of two test results on samplesfrom the same aggregate sent to different laboratories is 1.7 %.8.2 BiasSince there is no acceptable reference materialfor determining the bias for the procedure in this test method,no statement is being made.9. Keywords9.1 aggregates; clay
27、 lumps; friable particlesASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infring
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