1、Designation: C 1461 08Standard Specification forMechanical Couplings Using Thermoplastic Elastomeric(TPE) Gaskets for Joining Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV),Sewer, Sanitary, and Storm Plumbing Systems for Aboveand Below Ground Use1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1461; the number
2、immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1
3、This specification describes the properties of devices orassemblies suitable for use as mechanical couplings usingthermoplastic elastomeric (TPE) gaskets, hereinafter referredto as couplings, for joining drain, waste, and vent (DWV)sewer, sanitary, and storm plumbing systems for above andbelow groun
4、d use.1.2 The pipe to be joined shall be of similar or dissimilarmaterials or size, or both.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered st
5、andard.1.4 The ASTM standards referenced herein shall be consid-ered mandatory.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsC 1440 Specification for Thermoplastic Elastomeric (TPE)Gasket Materials for Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV),Sewer, Sanitary and Storm Plu
6、mbing Systems3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this speci-fication, see Terminology A 644.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 center stopan integral part of the gasket centered onits axial length intended to limit the insertion depth of the pipeto be
7、coupled.3.2.2 fittingparts of a pipeline other than straight pipe,couplings, or valves.3.2.3 free torquethe torque value expressed in lbf-in.(N-m) when the clamp is tightened four revolutions of thescrew nut. While in the free state, this value does not includeany breakaway effects due to staking me
8、thod or passage of theband ends beyond the screw heads.3.2.4 insertsa bushing or ring placed into the couplingsocket to accommodate pipe materials of differing outsidediameters.3.2.5 jointthe completed assembly of parts consisting ofthe flexible transition coupling and the joined pipes or fittings,o
9、r both.3.2.6 lota specific quantity of similar material or collec-tion of similar units from a common source; the quantityoffered for inspection and acceptance at any one time. A lotmight comprise a shipment, batch, or similar quantity.3.2.7 mechanical couplingsdevices used to join betweensections o
10、f plain end pipe or fittings of the same or differentmaterials, of the same or different size, or any combination ofmaterials and pipe sizes.3.2.8 plain-end pipeany pipe that does not include anybell, hub, threaded area, or other means of joining.3.2.9 shear ringan interior or exterior element which
11、 isused to span the distance between the pipe ends within acoupling so as to provide increased resistance to axial displace-ment.4. Classification4.1 The couplings shall have a center stop unless telescop-ing of the pipe is necessary for special applications. Thecomponents shall be designed so that
12、the elastomeric materialis compressed to form a hydrostatic seal when the joint isassembled. The couplings shall be of the types described in4.1.1-4.1.3.4.1.1 UnshieldedA coupling consisting of an elastomericsleeve incorporating corrosion-resistant tension bands and atightening mechanism. Couplings
13、shall be fabricated withoutshear rings. Couplings installed without metallic shear ringsshall not be installed in fire-resistive construction.4.1.2 ShieldedA coupling consisting of an elastomeric orrubber sleeve incorporating a metallic corrosion-resistant shearring and tension bands or tightening m
14、echanism, or both.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on IronCastings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.75 on Gaskets andCoupling for Plumbing and Sewer Piping.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originallyapproved in 200
15、0. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 1461 07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyr
16、ight ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.3 OtherA coupling (gasket) fabricated for elastomericcompression seals.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Elastomeric materials used in the manufacturing ofcouplings and inserts shall comply
17、 with the requirements inaccordance with Specification C 1440.5.2 The stainless steel tension band assembly shall be 300series stainless steel, excluding copper bearing alloys, meetingthe requirements of the appropriate ASTM standard for stain-less steel.5.3 Couplings with bushings or inserts, or bo
18、th, of multi-piece construction or with splices shall show no separation,peeling, or other defects when tested in accordance withSection 9.5.4 The coupling shall be free from porosity and air pockets.Its surface shall be smooth and free from pitting, cracks,blisters, air marks, or any other imperfec
19、tions that affect itsperformance in service. The flash extension shall not exceed132 in. (0.8 mm) at any point where the presence of flash affectsperformance.6. Requirements6.1 In horizontal installations, unshielded couplings shall besupported on both sides of the coupling with suitable hangersor s
20、upport necessary to support the pipe and fittings joined. Thesupport must be located within 18 in. of the center of thecoupling.6.2 Couplings shall not be installed in locations where theexpected internal or external temperatures are below 0F(18C) or exceed 130F (54C).6.3 Unshielded couplings shall
21、not be installed in construc-tion that has a fire rating that restricts the use of flammablematerials through penetrations or plenums without additionalfire-resistive protection.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Coupling and bushing dimensions shall be compatiblewith the dimensions
22、and tolerances of the specific pipingmaterial which it is designed to join.8. Sampling, Tests, and Retests8.1 Test specimens representative of the couplings to beused shall be randomly selected from the manufactured lot fortesting.8.2 Not less than two couplings for each size or type shall betested,
23、 unless otherwise specified or waived by the purchaser.8.3 Where there is a failure in the original test, the entire testshall be rerun with twice the number of samples and any failureshall be cause for rejection.9. Test Methods9.1 Elastomeric MaterialsPhysical properties of gasketsshall be in accor
24、dance with specification ASTM C 1440. Manythermoplastic elastomeric gaskets are temperature-sensitive.Refer to Specification C 1440 for the allowable temperaturerange of materials.9.2 Tension Band Performance:9.2.1 Torque ResistanceStainless steel tension bands shallbe tested to withstand 150 % of t
25、he manufacturers specifiedinstallation torque without visible signs of failure. The bandshall be tested over a steel mandrel of the appropriate couplingdiameter and torqued as required.9.2.2 The maximum free running torque shall be 4 lbf-in.(0.45 N-m).9.2.2.1 Stainless steel tension bands with torqu
26、e resistancein excess of 100 lbf-in. shall have a maximum free runningtorque of 8 lbf-in.9.2.3 Test Procedure for Free Running Torque:9.2.3.1 With the nonstressed clamp hand-held and the slot-ted band fully engaged, the screw shall be rotated clockwisefour revolutions with the maximum value of the t
27、orque meterrecorded.9.2.3.2 The equipment required shall be a hand-held torquemeter witha0to15-lbf-in. range.9.3 Joint Assemblies Test Methods:9.3.1 Deflection Sealing Resistance TestThe joint shallhave sufficient flexibility to permit deflection in any directionas defined by Table 1 and shall show
28、no visible leakage whenso deflected while under an internal hydrostatic pressure of 4.3psi (30 kPa). The ends of the test pipe shall be restrained onlyby an amount necessary to prevent longitudinal movement.The deflection shall be measured as the distance the free end ofthe one pipe has moved away f
29、rom the center line of the fixedpipe. See Fig. 1.9.3.2 Shear Loading ResistanceThe joint shall have suf-ficient resistance to shear loading to meet the requirements ofthe following test. Two lengths of randomly selected pipe shallbe joined by a coupling with the two joined lengths of pipesupported o
30、n blocks at three locations. One length of pipe shallbe supported on two blocks, one near the unjoined end, and theother immediately adjacent to the joint. This length shall thenbe firmly restrained in position. The other length of pipe shallbe supported by a single block located 36 in. (0.9 m) from
31、 thecenterline of the joint. A load of 50 lbf-in. (220 N/25 mm) ofnominal pipe diameter adjusted by the weight of pipe extend-ing beyond the support times its moment arm divided by themoment arm to the test load, shall be uniformly applied over anarc of 120 and along a longitudinal length of 24 in.
32、(0.6 m)immediately adjacent to the joint of the pipe having onesupport (see Fig. 2). While thus loaded, an internal hydrostaticpressure of 4.3 psi (30 KPa) shall be maintained for a period of10 min. and shall show no visible leakage.9.4 Unrestrained Hydrostatic Joint Test:9.4.1 Assemble each couplin
33、g tested according to the manu-facturers instruction between two sections of machined steelpipe and conduct the unrestrained hydrostatic joint test.9.4.2 The assembly shall consist of a maximum outsidediameter pipe connected to a minimum outside diameter pipewith diameters as referenced in the appro
34、priate pipe standardsand lengths as shown in Fig. 3. Machine the plain ends of theTABLE 1 Requirements - Deflection per Foot of Pipe LengthNominal ID,in. (mm), incl.Offset in./linear ft(mm/linear m)112-412 in.C1461082pipe to be used for the unrestrained hydrostatic joint test to thecorrect diameters
35、. Plain ends shall have 0.015 in. (0.38 mm)deep grooves machined circumferentially around them at .125in. (2 mm) intervals down the pipe section for a distance equalto that covered by the elastomeric sleeve of the coupling beingtested. The tool used to machine the grooves shall have a 60included ang
36、le and cut into the pipe from a perpendicularposition. The surface between the grooves shall be a latheturned surface finish of 125 RMS.9.4.3 The plain ends of the pipe for the unrestrainedhydrostatic joint test shall be uncoated, cleaned, and thor-oughly dried before each assembly.9.4.4 Test Method
37、:9.4.4.1 Support the pipe assemblies in a manner that doesnot restrain joint movement as shown in Fig. 3.9.4.4.2 Fill the pipe assembly with water, expelling all air.Increase the hydrostatic pressure at a rate of 1 psi (6.9 kPa)every 30 s until the specified test pressure is reached. Thespecified te
38、st pressure shall be 20 psi (137.9 kPa) for 112 in.(38.1 mm) through 4 in. (100 mm), When the specified testpressure is reached, hold it for 10 min. Any leakage or axialjoint movement of more than 0.150 in. (3.81 mm) shall meanfailure.10. Product Marking10.1 Each coupling shall be permanently marked
39、 with themanufacturers name and country of origin. It shall haveadequate marking of such manufacturers name if the markingreadily identifies the manufacturer to the end user of theproduct.10.2 The type, class, and size of pipe for which the couplingis intended shall be marked on or attached to each
40、coupling andshall be visible after installation.10.3 All couplings shall be marked with the designationASTM _ showing compliance to this standard.NOTE 1Deflection (in.(mm) = L(ft(m) 3 offset (in./linear ft (mm/linear m).FIG. 1 Deflection Test (Plan View)FIG. 2 Shear TestC1461083ASTM International ta
41、kes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own r
42、esponsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addre
43、ssed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at t
44、he address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 3 Unrestrained Hydrostatic Joint TestC1461084
