1、Designation: C1461 08 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forMechanical Couplings Using Thermoplastic Elastomeric(TPE) Gaskets for Joining Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV),Sewer, Sanitary, and Storm Plumbing Systems for Aboveand Below Ground Use1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1
2、461; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reappro
3、val.1. Scope1.1 This specification describes the properties of devices orassemblies suitable for use as mechanical couplings usingthermoplastic elastomeric (TPE) gaskets, hereinafter referredto as couplings, for joining drain, waste, and vent (DWV)sewer, sanitary, and storm plumbing systems for abov
4、e andbelow ground use.1.2 The pipe to be joined shall be of similar or dissimilarmaterials or size, or both.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are n
5、ot considered standard.1.4 The ASTM standards referenced herein shall be consid-ered mandatory.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsC1440 Specification for Thermoplastic Elastomeric (TPE)Gasket Materials for Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV),Sewer, Sanitary
6、 and Storm Plumbing Systems3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in thisspecification, see Terminology A644.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 center stopan integral part of the gasket centered onits axial length intended to limit the insertion depth of the
7、 pipeto be coupled.3.2.2 fittingparts of a pipeline other than straight pipe,couplings, or valves.3.2.3 free torquethe torque value expressed in lbf-in.(N-m) when the clamp is tightened four revolutions of thescrew nut. While in the free state, this value does not includeany breakaway effects due to
8、 staking method or passage of theband ends beyond the screw heads.3.2.4 insertsa bushing or ring placed into the couplingsocket to accommodate pipe materials of differing outsidediameters.3.2.5 jointthe completed assembly of parts consisting ofthe flexible transition coupling and the joined pipes or
9、 fittings,or both.3.2.6 lota specific quantity of similar material or collec-tion of similar units from a common source; the quantityoffered for inspection and acceptance at any one time. A lotmight comprise a shipment, batch, or similar quantity.3.2.7 mechanical couplingsdevices used to join betwee
10、nsections of plain end pipe or fittings of the same or differentmaterials, of the same or different size, or any combination ofmaterials and pipe sizes.3.2.8 plain-end pipeany pipe that does not include anybell, hub, threaded area, or other means of joining.3.2.9 shear ringan interior or exterior el
11、ement which isused to span the distance between the pipe ends within acoupling so as to provide increased resistance to axial displace-ment.4. Classification4.1 The couplings shall have a center stop unless telescop-ing of the pipe is necessary for special applications. Thecomponents shall be design
12、ed so that the elastomeric materialis compressed to form a hydrostatic seal when the joint isassembled. The couplings shall be of the types described in4.1.1-4.1.3.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on IronCastings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04
13、.75 on Gaskets andCoupling for Plumbing and Sewer Piping.Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published May 2013. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C1461 08. DOI:10.1520/C1461-08R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact A
14、STM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.1 UnshieldedA coupling c
15、onsisting of an elastomericsleeve incorporating corrosion-resistant tension bands and atightening mechanism. Couplings shall be fabricated withoutshear rings. Couplings installed without metallic shear ringsshall not be installed in fire-resistive construction.4.1.2 ShieldedA coupling consisting of
16、an elastomeric orrubber sleeve incorporating a metallic corrosion-resistant shearring and tension bands or tightening mechanism, or both.4.1.3 OtherA coupling (gasket) fabricated for elastomericcompression seals.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Elastomeric materials used in the manufacturing ofcoupli
17、ngs and inserts shall comply with the requirements inaccordance with Specification C1440.5.2 The stainless steel tension band assembly shall be 300series stainless steel, excluding copper bearing alloys, meetingthe requirements of the appropriate ASTM standard for stain-less steel.5.3 Couplings with
18、 bushings or inserts, or both, of multi-piece construction or with splices shall show no separation,peeling, or other defects when tested in accordance withSection 9.5.4 The coupling shall be free from porosity and air pockets.Its surface shall be smooth and free from pitting, cracks,blisters, air m
19、arks, or any other imperfections that affect itsperformance in service. The flash extension shall not exceed132 in. (0.8 mm) at any point where the presence of flash affectsperformance.6. Requirements6.1 In horizontal installations, unshielded couplings shall besupported on both sides of the couplin
20、g with suitable hangersor support necessary to support the pipe and fittings joined. Thesupport must be located within 18 in. of the center of thecoupling.6.2 Couplings shall not be installed in locations where theexpected internal or external temperatures are below 0F(18C) or exceed 130F (54C).6.3
21、Unshielded couplings shall not be installed in construc-tion that has a fire rating that restricts the use of flammablematerials through penetrations or plenums without additionalfire-resistive protection.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Coupling and bushing dimensions shall be com
22、patiblewith the dimensions and tolerances of the specific pipingmaterial which it is designed to join.8. Sampling, Tests, and Retests8.1 Test specimens representative of the couplings to beused shall be randomly selected from the manufactured lot fortesting.8.2 Not less than two couplings for each s
23、ize or type shall betested, unless otherwise specified or waived by the purchaser.8.3 Where there is a failure in the original test, the entire testshall be rerun with twice the number of samples and any failureshall be cause for rejection.9. Test Methods9.1 Elastomeric MaterialsPhysical properties
24、of gasketsshall be in accordance with specification ASTM C1440. Manythermoplastic elastomeric gaskets are temperature-sensitive.Refer to Specification C1440 for the allowable temperaturerange of materials.9.2 Tension Band Performance:9.2.1 Torque ResistanceStainless steel tension bands shallbe teste
25、d to withstand 150 % of the manufacturers specifiedinstallation torque without visible signs of failure. The bandshall be tested over a steel mandrel of the appropriate couplingdiameter and torqued as required.9.2.2 The maximum free running torque shall be 4 lbf-in.(0.45 N-m).9.2.2.1 Stainless steel
26、 tension bands with torque resistancein excess of 100 lbf-in. shall have a maximum free runningtorque of 8 lbf-in.9.2.3 Test Procedure for Free Running Torque:9.2.3.1 With the nonstressed clamp hand-held and the slot-ted band fully engaged, the screw shall be rotated clockwisefour revolutions with t
27、he maximum value of the torque meterrecorded.9.2.3.2 The equipment required shall be a hand-held torquemeter witha0to15-lbf-in. range.9.3 Joint Assemblies Test Methods:9.3.1 Deflection Sealing Resistance TestThe joint shallhave sufficient flexibility to permit deflection in any directionas defined b
28、y Table 1 and shall show no visible leakage whenso deflected while under an internal hydrostatic pressure of 4.3psi (30 kPa). The ends of the test pipe shall be restrained onlyby an amount necessary to prevent longitudinal movement.The deflection shall be measured as the distance the free end ofthe
29、one pipe has moved away from the center line of the fixedpipe. See Fig. 1.9.3.2 Shear Loading ResistanceThe joint shall have suf-ficient resistance to shear loading to meet the requirements ofthe following test. Two lengths of randomly selected pipe shallbe joined by a coupling with the two joined l
30、engths of pipesupported on blocks at three locations. One length of pipe shallbe supported on two blocks, one near the unjoined end, and theother immediately adjacent to the joint. This length shall thenbe firmly restrained in position. The other length of pipe shallbe supported by a single block lo
31、cated 36 in. (0.9 m) from thecenterline of the joint. A load of 50 lbf-in. (220 N/25 mm) ofnominal pipe diameter adjusted by the weight of pipe extend-ing beyond the support times its moment arm divided by themoment arm to the test load, shall be uniformly applied over anarc of 120 and along a longi
32、tudinal length of 24 in. (0.6 m)TABLE 1 Requirements - Deflection per Foot of Pipe LengthNominal ID,in. (mm), incl.Offset in./linear ft(mm/linear m)112-412 in.C1461 08 (2013)2immediately adjacent to the joint of the pipe having onesupport (see Fig. 2). While thus loaded, an internal hydrostaticpress
33、ure of 4.3 psi (30 KPa) shall be maintained for a period of10 min. and shall show no visible leakage.9.4 Unrestrained Hydrostatic Joint Test:9.4.1 Assemble each coupling tested according to the manu-facturers instruction between two sections of machined steelpipe and conduct the unrestrained hydrost
34、atic joint test.9.4.2 The assembly shall consist of a maximum outsidediameter pipe connected to a minimum outside diameter pipewith diameters as referenced in the appropriate pipe standardsand lengths as shown in Fig. 3. Machine the plain ends of thepipe to be used for the unrestrained hydrostatic j
35、oint test to thecorrect diameters. Plain ends shall have 0.015 in. (0.38 mm)deep grooves machined circumferentially around them at .125in. (2 mm) intervals down the pipe section for a distance equalto that covered by the elastomeric sleeve of the coupling beingtested. The tool used to machine the gr
36、ooves shall have a 60included angle and cut into the pipe from a perpendicularposition. The surface between the grooves shall be a latheturned surface finish of 125 RMS.9.4.3 The plain ends of the pipe for the unrestrainedhydrostatic joint test shall be uncoated, cleaned, and thor-oughly dried befor
37、e each assembly.9.4.4 Test Method:9.4.4.1 Support the pipe assemblies in a manner that doesnot restrain joint movement as shown in Fig. 3.9.4.4.2 Fill the pipe assembly with water, expelling all air.Increase the hydrostatic pressure at a rate of 1 psi (6.9 kPa)every 30 s until the specified test pre
38、ssure is reached. Thespecified test pressure shall be 20 psi (137.9 kPa) for 112 in.(38.1 mm) through 4 in. (100 mm), When the specified testpressure is reached, hold it for 10 min. Any leakage or axialjoint movement of more than 0.150 in. (3.81 mm) shall meanfailure.10. Product Marking10.1 Each cou
39、pling shall be permanently marked with themanufacturers name and country of origin. It shall haveadequate marking of such manufacturers name if the markingreadily identifies the manufacturer to the end user of theproduct.10.2 The type, class, and size of pipe for which the couplingis intended shall
40、be marked on or attached to each coupling andshall be visible after installation.10.3 All couplings shall be marked with the designationASTM showing compliance to this standard.NOTE 1Deflection (in.(mm) = L(ft(m) offset (in./linear ft (mm/linear m).FIG. 1 Deflection Test (Plan View)FIG. 2 Shear Test
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43、ditional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to
44、the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at t
45、he aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).FIG. 3 Unrestrained Hydrostatic Joint TestC1461 08 (2013)4
