1、Designation: C1461 08 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Specification forMechanical Couplings Using Thermoplastic Elastomeric(TPE) Gaskets for Joining Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV),Sewer, Sanitary, and Storm Plumbing Systems for Aboveand Below Ground Use1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1
2、461; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reappro
3、val.1. Scope1.1 This specification describes the properties of devices orassemblies suitable for use as mechanical couplings usingthermoplastic elastomeric (TPE) gaskets, hereinafter referredto as couplings, for joining drain, waste, and vent (DWV)sewer, sanitary, and storm plumbing systems for abov
4、e andbelow ground use.1.2 The pipe to be joined shall be of similar or dissimilarmaterials or size, or both.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are n
5、ot considered standard.1.4 The ASTM standards referenced herein shall be consid-ered mandatory.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Sta
6、ndards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsC1440 Specification for Thermoplastic Elastomeric (TPE)Gasket Materials for Drain, Waste, and Ven
7、t (DWV),Sewer, Sanitary and Storm Plumbing Systems3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in thisspecification, see Terminology A644.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 center stopan integral part of the gasket centered onits axial length intended to limit the
8、 insertion depth of the pipeto be coupled.3.2.2 fittingparts of a pipeline other than straight pipe,couplings, or valves.3.2.3 free torquethe torque value expressed in lbf-in.(N-m) when the clamp is tightened four revolutions of thescrew nut. While in the free state, this value does not includeany b
9、reakaway effects due to staking method or passage of theband ends beyond the screw heads.3.2.4 insertsa bushing or ring placed into the couplingsocket to accommodate pipe materials of differing outsidediameters.3.2.5 jointthe completed assembly of parts consisting ofthe flexible transition coupling
10、and the joined pipes or fittings,or both.3.2.6 lota specific quantity of similar material or collec-tion of similar units from a common source; the quantityoffered for inspection and acceptance at any one time. A lotmight comprise a shipment, batch, or similar quantity.3.2.7 mechanical couplingsdevi
11、ces used to join betweensections of plain-end pipe or fittings of the same or differentmaterials, of the same or different size, or any combination ofmaterials and pipe sizes.3.2.8 plain-end pipeany pipe that does not include anybell, hub, threaded area, or other means of joining.3.2.9 shear ringan
12、interior or exterior element which isused to span the distance between the pipe ends within acoupling so as to provide increased resistance to axial displace-ment.4. Classification4.1 The couplings shall have a center stop unless telescop-ing of the pipe is necessary for special applications. The1Th
13、is specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on IronCastings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.75 on Gaskets andCoupling for Plumbing and Sewer Piping.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous editi
14、on approved in 2013 as C1461 08 (2013).DOI: 10.1520/C1461-08R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM websi
15、te.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of In
16、ternational Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1components shall be designed so that the elastomeric materialis compressed to form a hydrostatic seal when the joint isassembled. The couplings shall be of the types
17、described in4.1.1 4.1.3.4.1.1 UnshieldedA coupling consisting of an elastomericsleeve incorporating corrosion-resistant tension bands and atightening mechanism. Couplings shall be fabricated withoutshear rings. Couplings installed without metallic shear ringsshall not be installed in fire-resistive
18、construction.4.1.2 ShieldedA coupling consisting of an elastomeric orrubber sleeve incorporating a metallic corrosion-resistant shearring and tension bands or tightening mechanism, or both.4.1.3 OtherA coupling (gasket) fabricated for elastomericcompression seals.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Elas
19、tomeric materials used in the manufacturing ofcouplings and inserts shall comply with the requirements inaccordance with Specification C1440.5.2 The stainless steel tension band assembly shall be 300series stainless steel, excluding copper bearing alloys, meetingthe requirements of the appropriate A
20、STM standard for stain-less steel.5.3 Couplings with bushings or inserts, or both, of multi-piece construction or with splices shall show no separation,peeling, or other defects when tested in accordance withSection 9.5.4 The coupling shall be free from porosity and air pockets.Its surface shall be
21、smooth and free from pitting, cracks,blisters, air marks, or any other imperfections that affect itsperformance in service. The flash extension shall not exceed132 in. (0.8 mm) at any point where the presence of flash affectsperformance.6. Requirements6.1 In horizontal installations, unshielded coup
22、lings shall besupported on both sides of the coupling with suitable hangersor support necessary to support the pipe and fittings joined. Thesupport must be located within 18 in. of the center of thecoupling.6.2 Couplings shall not be installed in locations where theexpected internal or external temp
23、eratures are below 0 F(18 C) or exceed 130 F (54 C).6.3 Unshielded couplings shall not be installed in construc-tion that has a fire rating that restricts the use of flammablematerials through penetrations or plenums without additionalfire-resistive protection.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Va
24、riations7.1 Coupling and bushing dimensions shall be compatiblewith the dimensions and tolerances of the specific pipingmaterial which it is designed to join.8. Sampling, Tests, and Retests8.1 Test specimens representative of the couplings to beused shall be randomly selected from the manufactured l
25、ot fortesting.8.2 Not less than two couplings for each size or type shall betested, unless otherwise specified or waived by the purchaser.8.3 Where there is a failure in the original test, the entire testshall be rerun with twice the number of samples and any failureshall be cause for rejection.9. T
26、est Methods9.1 Elastomeric MaterialsPhysical properties of gasketsshall be in accordance with Specification C1440. Many ther-moplastic elastomeric gaskets are temperature-sensitive. Referto Specification C1440 for the allowable temperature range ofmaterials.9.2 Tension Band Performance:9.2.1 Torque
27、ResistanceStainless steel tension bands shallbe tested to withstand 150 % of the manufacturers specifiedinstallation torque without visible signs of failure. The bandshall be tested over a steel mandrel of the appropriate couplingdiameter and torqued as required.9.2.2 The maximum free running torque
28、 shall be 4 lbf-in.(0.45 N-m).9.2.2.1 Stainless steel tension bands with torque resistancein excess of 100 lbf-in. shall have a maximum free runningtorque of 8 lbf-in.9.2.3 Test Procedure for Free-Running Torque:9.2.3.1 With the nonstressed clamp handheld and the slottedband fully engaged, the screw
29、 shall be rotated clockwise fourrevolutions with the maximum value of the torque meterrecorded.9.2.3.2 The equipment required shall be a handheld torquemeter witha0to15-lbf-in. range.9.3 Joint Assemblies Test Methods:9.3.1 Deflection Sealing Resistance TestThe joint shallhave sufficient flexibility
30、to permit deflection in any directionas defined by Table 1 and shall show no visible leakage whenso deflected while under an internal hydrostatic pressure of4.3 psi (30 kPa). The ends of the test pipe shall be restrainedonly by an amount necessary to prevent longitudinal move-ment. The deflection sh
31、all be measured as the distance the freeend of the one pipe has moved away from the center line of thefixed pipe. See Fig. 1.9.3.2 Shear Loading ResistanceThe joint shall have suf-ficient resistance to shear loading to meet the requirements ofthe following test. Two lengths of randomly selected pipe
32、 shallbe joined by a coupling with the two joined lengths of pipesupported on blocks at three locations. One length of pipe shallbe supported on two blocks, one near the unjoined end, and theother immediately adjacent to the joint. This length shall thenbe firmly restrained in position. The other le
33、ngth of pipe shallbe supported by a single block located 36 in. (0.9 m) from thecenterline of the joint. A load of 50 lbf-in. (220 N/25 mm) ofnominal pipe diameter adjusted by the weight of pipe extend-ing beyond the support times its moment arm divided by theTABLE 1 Requirements Deflection per Foot
34、 of Pipe LengthNominal ID,in. (mm), incl.Offset in./linear ft(mm/linear m)112 412 in.C1461 08 (2017)2moment arm to the test load, shall be uniformly applied over anarc of 120 and along a longitudinal length of 24 in. (0.6 m)immediately adjacent to the joint of the pipe having onesupport (see Fig. 2)
35、. While thus loaded, an internal hydrostaticpressure of 4.3 psi (30 KPa) shall be maintained for a period of10 min. and shall show no visible leakage.9.4 Unrestrained Hydrostatic Joint Test:9.4.1 Assemble each coupling tested according to the manu-facturers instruction between two sections of machin
36、ed steelpipe and conduct the unrestrained hydrostatic joint test.9.4.2 The assembly shall consist of a maximum outsidediameter pipe connected to a minimum outside diameter pipewith diameters as referenced in the appropriate pipe standardsand lengths as shown in Fig. 3. Machine the plain ends of thep
37、ipe to be used for the unrestrained hydrostatic joint test to thecorrect diameters. Plain ends shall have 0.015-in. (0.38-mm)deep grooves machined circumferentially around them at0.125-in. (2-mm) intervals down the pipe section for a distanceequal to that covered by the elastomeric sleeve of the cou
38、plingbeing tested. The tool used to machine the grooves shall havea 60 included angle and cut into the pipe from a perpendicularposition. The surface between the grooves shall be a latheturned surface finish of 125 RMS.9.4.3 The plain ends of the pipe for the unrestrainedhydrostatic joint test shall
39、 be uncoated, cleaned, and thor-oughly dried before each assembly.9.4.4 Test Method:9.4.4.1 Support the pipe assemblies in a manner that doesnot restrain joint movement as shown in Fig. 3.9.4.4.2 Fill the pipe assembly with water, expelling all air.Increase the hydrostatic pressure at a rate of 1 ps
40、i (6.9 kPa)every 30 s until the specified test pressure is reached. Thespecified test pressure shall be 20 psi (137.9 kPa) for 112 in.(38.1 mm) through 4 in. (100 mm). When the specified testpressure is reached, hold it for 10 min. Any leakage or axialjoint movement of more than 0.150 in. (3.81 mm)
41、shall meanfailure.10. Product Marking10.1 Each coupling shall be permanently marked with themanufacturers name and country of origin. It shall haveadequate marking of such manufacturers name if the markingreadily identifies the manufacturer to the end user of theproduct.10.2 The type, class, and siz
42、e of pipe for which the couplingis intended shall be marked on or attached to each coupling andshall be visible after installation.10.3 All couplings shall be marked with the designationASTM showing compliance to this standard.NOTE 1Deflection (in. (mm) = L (ft (m) offset (in./linear ft (mm/linear m
43、).FIG. 1 Deflection Test (Plan View)FIG. 2 Shear TestC1461 08 (2017)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of an
44、y such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are i
45、nvited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not receiv
46、ed a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of
47、this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 3 Unrestrained Hydrostatic Joint TestC1461 08 (2017)4
