1、Designation: C1478 08 (Reapproved 2013)C1478 18Standard Specification forStorm Drain Resilient Connectors Between ReinforcedConcrete Storm Sewer Structures, Pipes, and Laterals1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1478; the number immediately following the designation indicates the y
2、ear oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the minimum performance and
3、 material requirements for resilient connectors used for connectionsbetween precast reinforced concrete storm sewer structures conforming to Specification C478 and pipes, and between precastreinforced concrete pipe and laterals for storm drainage systems.1.1.1 These connectors are designed to preven
4、t soil migration between the pipe and storm sewer structure, and between the pipeand lateral.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.NOTE 1This specification covers the design, material, and performance of the
5、resilient connection only. Connections covered by this specificationare adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 6 psi (14 ft) without leakage when tested in accordance with Section 7. Infiltration quantities for an installedsystem are dependent upon many factors other than the connections between s
6、torm sewer structures and pipe, and allowable quantities must be coveredby other specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline and system.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standarddoes not purport
7、to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific warning
8、 statement, see 7.2.4.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Te
9、chnical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A493 Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and Cold ForgingA666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarC478 Specificatio
10、n for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole SectionsC822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related ProductsC913 Specification for Precast Concrete Water and Wastewater StructuresD395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplast
11、ic ElastomersTensionD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to Chemical ReagentsD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an Air OvenD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastome
12、rsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking in an Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittleness Point of Flexible Polymers and Coated Fabrics1 This specification is under the jurisdicti
13、on ofASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholes and Specials.Current edition approved July 1, 2013Sept. 1, 2018. Published July 2013October 2018. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 asC1478 08.C1478 08(2
14、013). DOI: 10.1520/C1478-08R13.10.1520/C1478-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document
15、 is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appr
16、opriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer HardnessNOTE 2
17、For more information about wastewater structures, see Specification C913.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms relating to plastics and rubber shall be as defined in Terminologies D883 and D1566, respectively.3.1.2 Terms relating to precast concrete pipe, manholes, and related products shall be
18、as defined in Terminology C822.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 connectorthe entire assembly, including resilient seals and metallic or nonmetallic mechanical devices, if any, usedtherein.3.2.2 lateralthe small diameter pipe connected to the main line pipe.3.2.3 pipethe inlet
19、 or outlet pipe connected to the manhole.3.2.4 pipe stuba short section of pipe installed in the structure as an inlet or outlet pipe, for future connection.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 All materials shall conform to the following requirements:4.1.1 Resilient materials for connectors and filler r
20、ings shall be manufactured from natural or synthetic rubber and shall conformto the requirements prescribed in Table 1. If a splice is used in the manufacture of the seal, its strength shall be such that the sealshall withstand a 180 bend with no visible separation.4.2 Mechanical DevicesExpansion ri
21、ngs, tension bands, and take-up devices used for mechanically compressing the resilientportion of the connector against the pipe or storm sewer structurestructure; shall be made from a material or materials incombination that will ensure durability, strength, resistance to corrosion, and have proper
22、ties that will ensure continued resistanceto leakage.All metallic mechanical devices, including castings and bolt assemblies used to mechanically deform resilient materials,shall be constructed of corrosion resistant materials meeting the physical properties and chemical composition requirements ofS
23、pecification A493 and A666, Type 302 through Type 316.NOTE 3Experience has shown that successful performance of this product depends on the type of bedding and backfill and the care in the fieldinstallation of the manhole storm sewer structure and connecting pipes. The owner is cautioned to require
24、inspection at the construction site.5. Principles of Design5.1 The design of the connector shall be such that positive seal is accomplished at two locations: (1) between the connector andthe storm sewer structure wall and (2) between the connector and the pipe. The seal between the connector and the
25、 storm sewerstructure wall may be made by either mechanical means, compression of the resilient material between the outside surface of thepipe and the pipe opening in the storm sewer structure wall, or by casting the connector integrally with the storm sewer structurewall. The seal between the conn
26、ector and the pipe may be made by mechanical means or by compression of the resilient materialagainst the outside of the pipe. Resilient filler rings may be used between the pipe and the connector to provide a seal. Whicheverdesign is used, it shall be capable of maintaining a resilient, hydrostatic
27、 seal under the performance conditions in accordance withSection 7. Devices used to effect mechanical seals shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 4.TABLE 1 Resilient Material TestsTest Test RequirementsA ASTM Test MethodChemical resistance: D543, at 22C for 48 h1 N sulfuric acid no
28、weight loss1 N hydrochloric acid no weight lossTensile strength 1200 psi, min D412Elongation at break 350 %, minHardnessB 5 from the connector manufacturers specified hardness D2240 (Shore A Durometer)Accelerated oven-aging decrease of 15 %, max, of original tensile strengthdecrease of 20 %, max, of
29、 elongationD573, 70 1C for 7 daysCompression set decrease of 25 %, max, of original deflection D395, Method B, at 70C for 22 hWater absorption increase of 10 %, max, of original by weight D471, immerse 0.75 by 2-in. specimen in distilled wa-ter at 70C for 48 hWater absorption increase of 10 %, max,
30、of original by weight D471, immerse 1 by 2-in. specimen in distilled water at70C for 48 hOzone resistance rating 0 D1149Low-temperature brittle point no fracture at 40C D2137Tear resistance 200 lbf/in. D624, Die BA Specimens shall be prepared from connector specimens and shall not be prepared from l
31、aboratory slabs or by direct molding.B The connector manufacturer shall select the hardness appropriate for each component of the connector. Thereafter, the hardness shall comply within the tolerances inTable 1.C1478 1825.2 For lateral to pipe connectors, the design of the connector shall be such th
32、at a positive seal is accomplished at two locations:(1) between the connector and the pipe wall and (2) between the connector and the lateral. The seal between the connector andthe pipe wall may be made by either mechanical means, compression, or by casting the connector integrally with the pipe wal
33、l.The seal between the connector and the lateral may be made by either mechanical means or by compression of the resilient materialagainst the outside of the pipe. Resilient filler rings may be used between the lateral and the connector to provide a seal. Connectordesign must not allow either latera
34、l or connector to extend past the cylindrical plane of the pipe inside diameter. The connectorshall be capable of maintaining a resilient hydrostatic seal under the performance conditions in accordance with Section 7. Devicesused to effect mechanical seals shall conform to the requirements specified
35、 in Section 4.5.3 Pipe StubsOwners shall require that all pipe stubs installed to allow for future connections to storm sewer structures bemechanically restrained from movement by means other than, and in addition to, the resilient connectors.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 For diameter 36 in. and smaller
36、, at least one connector shall be tested for each 6 in. increment in diameter. For diameterslarger than 36 in., at least one connector shall be tested for each 12 in. increment in diameter.6.2 The acceptability of the resilient connector shall be determined by the results of the physical tests presc
37、ribed in thisspecification, if and where required, and by inspection, to determine whether the connector conforms to the specification withregards to design and freedom from defects.6.3 When requested, a current certification shall be furnished as the basis of acceptance. The certification shall con
38、sist of theconnector manufacturers test report, or statement by the manufacturer, accompanied by a copy of the test results, that the resilientconnector has been tested and inspected in accordance with the provisions of Section 4 and Section 7. Each certification sofurnished shall be signed by the c
39、onnector manufacturer or an authorized agent.NOTE 4Certification shall be deemed current if it represents present design and bears a date that is no more than five years older than the currentdate.7. Test Methods and Requirements7.1 Install a pipe and the resilient connector to be tested in the manh
40、ole base 48 in. inside diameter or smaller. Subject theassembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 6 psi (14 ft) at the centerline of the connector for a period of 10 min. Restrain the pipe againstaxial movement during the tests.7.1.1 Install a lateral and resilient connector to be tested into the pipe. S
41、ubject the assembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 6 psi(14 ft) at the centerline of the connector for a period of 10 min. Restrain the lateral against axial movement during the tests.7.2 There shall be no leakage under any of the following conditions, when subjected to an hydrostatic pressure of 6 ps
42、i (14 ft)for 10 min:7.2.1 Straight alignment of the pipe/lateral.7.2.2 Axial deflection of the pipe/lateral of at least 7 in any direction.7.2.3 When the pipe is loaded in shear in accordance with the requirements shown in Fig. 1.7.2.4 When the lateral is loaded in shear in accordance with the loadi
43、ng requirements of Fig. 1 and does not exceed 1 in. ofaxial movement at the connector. (Note: Pressure is not prohibited from being relieved while deflecting or loading test section.)7.3 Leakage shall be construed to mean freely dripping water emanating at the interface between the connector and eit
44、her themanhole base, the pipe, or the lateral; between the connector and the filler rings; or through the body of the connector and the fillerrings; or through the body of the connector itself.7.4 Moisture appearing at random locations on the base of the outlet in the form of patches or beads adheri
45、ng to the surfacesshall not be considered leakage.7.5 A delay of up to 24 h can be allowed prior to making observations of leakage.FIG. 1 Shear Test RequirementsC1478 1838. Product Marking8.1 Each connector shall be marked legibly by the connector manufacturer with the trade name and the size design
46、ation or partnumber.9. Keywords9.1 design test method; marking; material requirements acceptance criteria; product marking; resilient connectorASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of th
47、is standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five ye
48、ars andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical commit
49、tee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.
