1、Designation: C 1478M 08aStandard Specification forStorm Drain Resilient Connectors Between ReinforcedConcrete Storm Sewer Structures, Pipes, and Laterals(Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1478M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigina
2、l adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the minimum performance andmaterial requ
3、irements for resilient connectors used for connec-tions between precast reinforced concrete storm sewer struc-tures conforming to Specification C 478 and pipes, and be-tween precast reinforced concrete pipe and laterals for stormdrainage systems.1.1.1 These connectors are designed to prevent soil mi
4、gra-tion between the pipe and storm sewer structure, and betweenthe pipe and lateral.1.2 This specification is the SI companion to C 1478.NOTE 1This specification covers the design, material, and perfor-mance of the resilient connection only. Connections covered by thisspecification are adequate for
5、 hydrostatic pressures up to 41 kPa (4.3 m)without leakage when tested in accordance with Section 7. Infiltrationquantities for an installed system are dependent upon many factors otherthan the connections between storm sewer structures and pipe, andallowable quantities must be covered by other spec
6、ifications and suitabletesting of the installed pipeline and system.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the a
7、pplica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use. For a specificwarning statement, see 7.2.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 493 Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rodsfor Cold Heading and Cold ForgingA 666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austen-itic Stainles
8、s Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarC 478 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Man-hole SectionsC 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC 913 Specification for Precast Concrete Water and Waste-water StructuresD 395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompressionSetD
9、412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD 543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD 573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenF 624 Guide for Evaluation of Thermopla
10、stic PolyurethaneSolids and Solutions for Biomedical ApplicationsD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCrackingin an Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD 1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD 2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittlenessPoint of Flexible Polyme
11、rs and Coated FabricsD 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessNOTE 2For more information about wastewater structures, see Speci-fication C 913.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms relating to plastics and rubber shall be asdefined in Terminologies D 883 and D 1566, respectively.3.
12、1.2 Terms relating to precast concrete pipe, manholes, andrelated products shall be as defined in Terminology C 822.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 connectorthe entire assembly, including resilientseals and metallic or nonmetallic mechanical devices, if any,used therein.3.2.
13、2 lateralthe small diameter pipe connected to themain line pipe.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholesand Specials.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originall
14、yapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 1478M 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AS
15、TM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.3 pipethe inlet or outlet pipe connected to the man-hole.3.2.4 pipe stuba short section of pipe installed in thestructure as an inlet or outlet pipe, for future connectio
16、n.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 All materials shall conform to the following require-ments:4.1.1 Resilient materials for connectors and filler rings shallbe manufactured from natural or synthetic rubber and shallconform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. If a spliceis used in the manufactu
17、re of the seal, its strength shall be suchthat the seal shall withstand a 180 bend with no visibleseparation.4.2 Mechanical DevicesExpansion rings, tension bands,and take-up devices used for mechanically compressing theresilient portion of the connector against the pipe or stormsewer structure shall
18、 be made from a material or materials incombination that will ensure durability, strength, resistance tocorrosion, and have properties that will ensure continuedresistance to leakage. All metallic mechanical devices, includ-ing castings and bolt assemblies used to mechanically deformresilient materi
19、als, shall be constructed of corrosion resistantmaterials meeting the physical properties and chemical com-position requirements of Specifications A 493 and A 666, Type302 through Type 316.NOTE 3Experience has shown that successful performance of thisproduct depends on the type of bedding and backfi
20、ll and the care in thefield installation of the manhole storm sewer structure and connectingpipes. The owner is cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.5. Principles of Design5.1 The design of the connector shall be such that positiveseal is accomplished at two locations: (1) betwee
21、n the connec-tor and the storm sewer structure wall and (2) between theconnector and the pipe. The seal between the connector and thestorm sewer structure wall shall be made by either mechanicalmeans, compression of the resilient material between theoutside surface of the pipe and the pipe opening i
22、n the stormsewer structure wall, or by casting the connector integrallywith the storm sewer structure wall. The seal between theconnector and the pipe shall be made by mechanical means orby compression of the resilient material against the outside ofthe pipe. Resilient filler rings are not prohibite
23、d from beingused between the pipe and the connector to provide a seal.Whichever design is used, it shall be capable of maintaining aresilient, hydrostatic seal under the performance conditions inaccordance with Section 7. Devices used to effect mechanicalseals shall conform to the requirements speci
24、fied in Section 4.5.2 For lateral to pipe connectors, the design of the connec-tor shall be such that a positive seal is accomplished at twolocations: (1) between the connector and the pipe wall and (2)between the connector and the lateral. The seal between theconnector and the pipe wall shall be ma
25、de by either mechanicalmeans, compression, or by casting the connector integrallywith the pipe wall. The seal between the connector and thelateral shall be made by either mechanical means or bycompression of the resilient material against the outside of thepipe. Resilient filler rings are not prohib
26、ited from being usedbetween the lateral and the connector to provide a seal.Connector design must not allow either lateral or connector toextend past the cylindrical plane of the pipe inside diameter.The connector shall be capable of maintaining a resilienthydrostatic seal under the performance cond
27、itions in accor-dance with Section 7. Devices used to effect mechanical sealsshall conform to the requirements specified in Section 4.5.3 Pipe StubsOwners shall require that all pipe stubsinstalled to allow for future connections to storm sewerstructures be mechanically restrained from movement byme
28、ans other than, and in addition to, the resilient connectors.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 For diameter 900 mm and smaller, at least one connectorshall be tested for each 150 mm increment in diameter. Fordiameters larger than 900 mm, at least one connector shall betested for each 300 mm increment in dia
29、meter.6.2 The acceptability of the resilient connector shall bedetermined by the results of the physical tests prescribed in thisspecification, if and where required, and by inspection, todetermine whether the connector conforms to the specificationwith regards to design and freedom from defects.6.3
30、 When requested, a current certification shall be fur-nished as the basis of acceptance. The certification shall consistof the connector manufacturers test report, or statement by theTABLE 1 Resilient Material TestsTest Test RequirementsAASTM Test MethodChemical resistance: D 543, at 22C for 48 h1 N
31、 sulfuric acid no weight loss1 N hydrochloric acid no weight lossTensile strength 8 MPa, min D 412Elongation at break 350 %, minHardnessB6 5 from the connector manufacturers specified hardness D 2240 (Shore A Durometer)Accelerated oven-aging decrease of 15 %, max, of original tensile strength D 573,
32、706 1C for 7 daysdecrease of 20 %, max, of elongationCompression set decrease of 25 %, max, of original deflection D 395, Method B, at 70C for 22 hWater absorption increase of 10 %, max, of original by weight D 471, immerse 19 by 25-mm specimen in distilled waterat 70C for 48 hOzone resistance ratin
33、g 0 D 1149Low-temperature brittle point no fracture at -40C D 2137Tear resistance 34 kN/m D 624, Die BASpecimens shall be prepared from connector specimens and shall not be prepared from laboratory slabs or by direct molding.BThe connector manufacturer shall select the hardness appropriate for each
34、component of the connector. Thereafter, the hardness shall comply within the tolerancesin Table 1.C 1478M 08a2manufacturer, accompanied by a copy of the test results, thatthe resilient connector has been tested and inspected inaccordance with the provisions of Sections 4 and 7. Eachcertification so
35、furnished shall be signed by the connectormanufacturer or an authorized agent.NOTE 4Certification shall be deemed current if it represents presentdesign and bears a date that is no more than five years older than thecurrent date.7. Test Methods and Requirements7.1 Install a pipe and the resilient co
36、nnector to be tested inthe manhole base 1200 mm inside diameter or smaller. Subjectthe assembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 41 kPa (4.3 m) at thecenterline of the connector for a period of 10 min. Restrain thepipe against axial movement during the tests.7.1.1 Install a lateral and resilient connect
37、or to be tested intothe pipe. Subject the assembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 41kPa (4.3 m) at the centerline of the connector for a period of 10min. Restrain the lateral against axial movement during thetests.7.2 There shall be no leakage under any of the followingconditions, when subjected to a
38、hydrostatic pressure of 41 kPa(4.3 m) for 10 min:7.2.1 Straight alignment of the pipe/lateral.7.2.2 Axial deflection of the pipe/lateral of at least 7 in anydirection.7.2.3 When the pipe is loaded in shear in accordance withthe requirements shown in Fig. 1.7.2.4 When the lateral is loaded in shear i
39、n accordance withthe loading requirements of Fig. 1 and does not exceed 25 mmof axial movement at the connector. (Note: Pressure is notprohibited from being relieved while deflecting or loading testsection.)7.3 Leakage shall be construed to mean freely drippingwater emanating at the interface betwee
40、n the connector andeither the manhole base, the pipe, or the lateral; between theconnector and the filler rings; or through the body of theconnector and the filler rings; or through the body of theconnector itself.7.4 Moisture appearing at random locations on the base ofthe outlet in the form of pat
41、ches or beads adhering to thesurfaces shall not be considered leakage.7.5 A delay of up to 24 h is not prohibited prior to makingobservations of leakage.8. Product Marking8.1 Each connector shall be marked legibly by the connectormanufacturer with the trade name and the size designation orpart numbe
42、r.9. Keywords9.1 design test method; marking; material requirementsacceptance criteria; product marking; resilient connectorASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are exp
43、ressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revis
44、ed, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may
45、 attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 1 Shear Test RequirementsC 1478M 08a3
