1、Designation: C1478M 08a (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forStorm Drain Resilient Connectors Between ReinforcedConcrete Storm Sewer Structures, Pipes, and Laterals(Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1478M; the number immediately following the designation indicates th
2、e year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the minimum performance
3、andmaterial requirements for resilient connectors used for connec-tions between precast reinforced concrete storm sewer struc-tures conforming to Specification C478 and pipes, and betweenprecast reinforced concrete pipe and laterals for storm drainagesystems.1.1.1 These connectors are designed to pr
4、event soil migra-tion between the pipe and storm sewer structure, and betweenthe pipe and lateral.1.2 This specification is the SI companion to C1478.NOTE 1This specification covers the design, material, and perfor-mance of the resilient connection only. Connections covered by thisspecification are
5、adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 41 kPa (4.3 m)without leakage when tested in accordance with Section 7. Infiltrationquantities for an installed system are dependent upon many factors otherthan the connections between storm sewer structures and pipe, andallowable quantities must be covered b
6、y other specifications and suitabletesting of the installed pipeline and system.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and det
7、ermine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use. For a specificwarning statement, see 7.2.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A493 Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rodsfor Cold Heading and Cold ForgingA666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic
8、Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarC478 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Man-hole SectionsC822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC913 Specification for Precast Concrete Water and Waste-water StructuresD395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression
9、SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenF624 Guide for Evaluation of Thermopla
10、stic PolyurethaneSolids and Solutions for Biomedical ApplicationsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking inan Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittleness Pointof Flexible Polymers a
11、nd Coated FabricsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessNOTE 2For more information about wastewater structures, see Speci-fication C913.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms relating to plastics and rubber shall be asdefined in Terminologies D883 and D1566, respectively.3.1.2 Te
12、rms relating to precast concrete pipe, manholes, andrelated products shall be as defined in Terminology C822.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 connectorthe entire assembly, including resilientseals and metallic or nonmetallic mechanical devices, if any,used therein.3.2.2 later
13、althe small diameter pipe connected to themain line pipe.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholesand Specials.Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally approved
14、in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C1478M 08a. DOI: 10.1520/C1478M-08AR13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Sum
15、mary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.3 pipethe inlet or outlet pipe connected to the man-hole.3.2.4 pipe stuba short section of pipe installed in thestructure as an inlet or outlet pipe, for
16、 future connection.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 All materials shall conform to the following require-ments:4.1.1 Resilient materials for connectors and filler rings shallbe manufactured from natural or synthetic rubber and shallconform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. If a spliceis used
17、 in the manufacture of the seal, its strength shall be suchthat the seal shall withstand a 180 bend with no visibleseparation.4.2 Mechanical DevicesExpansion rings, tension bands,and take-up devices used for mechanically compressing theresilient portion of the connector against the pipe or stormsewe
18、r structure shall be made from a material or materials incombination that will ensure durability, strength, resistance tocorrosion, and have properties that will ensure continuedresistance to leakage. All metallic mechanical devices, includ-ing castings and bolt assemblies used to mechanically defor
19、mresilient materials, shall be constructed of corrosion resistantmaterials meeting the physical properties and chemical com-position requirements of Specifications A493 and A666, Type302 through Type 316.NOTE 3Experience has shown that successful performance of thisproduct depends on the type of bed
20、ding and backfill and the care in thefield installation of the manhole storm sewer structure and connectingpipes. The owner is cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.5. Principles of Design5.1 The design of the connector shall be such that positiveseal is accomplished at two locati
21、ons: (1) between the connec-tor and the storm sewer structure wall and (2) between theconnector and the pipe. The seal between the connector and thestorm sewer structure wall shall be made by either mechanicalmeans, compression of the resilient material between theoutside surface of the pipe and the
22、 pipe opening in the stormsewer structure wall, or by casting the connector integrallywith the storm sewer structure wall. The seal between theconnector and the pipe shall be made by mechanical means orby compression of the resilient material against the outside ofthe pipe. Resilient filler rings ar
23、e not prohibited from beingused between the pipe and the connector to provide a seal.Whichever design is used, it shall be capable of maintaining aresilient, hydrostatic seal under the performance conditions inaccordance with Section 7. Devices used to effect mechanicalseals shall conform to the req
24、uirements specified in Section 4.5.2 For lateral to pipe connectors, the design of the connec-tor shall be such that a positive seal is accomplished at twolocations: (1) between the connector and the pipe wall and (2)between the connector and the lateral. The seal between theconnector and the pipe w
25、all shall be made by either mechanicalmeans, compression, or by casting the connector integrallywith the pipe wall. The seal between the connector and thelateral shall be made by either mechanical means or bycompression of the resilient material against the outside of thepipe. Resilient filler rings
26、 are not prohibited from being usedbetween the lateral and the connector to provide a seal.Connector design must not allow either lateral or connector toextend past the cylindrical plane of the pipe inside diameter.The connector shall be capable of maintaining a resilienthydrostatic seal under the p
27、erformance conditions in accor-dance with Section 7. Devices used to effect mechanical sealsshall conform to the requirements specified in Section 4.5.3 Pipe StubsOwners shall require that all pipe stubsinstalled to allow for future connections to storm sewerstructures be mechanically restrained fro
28、m movement bymeans other than, and in addition to, the resilient connectors.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 For diameter 900 mm and smaller, at least one connectorshall be tested for each 150 mm increment in diameter. Fordiameters larger than 900 mm, at least one connector shall betested for each 300 mm i
29、ncrement in diameter.6.2 The acceptability of the resilient connector shall bedetermined by the results of the physical tests prescribed in thisspecification, if and where required, and by inspection, todetermine whether the connector conforms to the specificationwith regards to design and freedom f
30、rom defects.TABLE 1 Resilient Material TestsTest Test RequirementsAASTM Test MethodChemical resistance: D543, at 22C for 48 h1 N sulfuric acid no weight loss1 N hydrochloric acid no weight lossTensile strength 8 MPa, min D412Elongation at break 350 %, minHardnessB 5 from the connector manufacturers
31、specified hardness D2240 (Shore A Durometer)Accelerated oven-aging decrease of 15 %, max, of original tensile strength D573, 70 1C for 7 daysdecrease of 20 %, max, of elongationCompression set decrease of 25 %, max, of original deflection D395, Method B, at 70C for 22 hWater absorption increase of 1
32、0 %, max, of original by weight D471, immerse 19 by 25-mm specimen in distilled waterat 70C for 48 hOzone resistance rating 0 D1149Low-temperature brittle point no fracture at -40C D2137Tear resistance 34 kN/m F624, Die BASpecimens shall be prepared from connector specimens and shall not be prepared
33、 from laboratory slabs or by direct molding.BThe connector manufacturer shall select the hardness appropriate for each component of the connector. Thereafter, the hardness shall comply within the tolerances inTable 1.C1478M 08a (2013)26.3 When requested, a current certification shall be fur-nished a
34、s the basis of acceptance. The certification shall consistof the connector manufacturers test report, or statement by themanufacturer, accompanied by a copy of the test results, thatthe resilient connector has been tested and inspected inaccordance with the provisions of Sections 4 and 7. Eachcertif
35、ication so furnished shall be signed by the connectormanufacturer or an authorized agent.NOTE 4Certification shall be deemed current if it represents presentdesign and bears a date that is no more than five years older than thecurrent date.7. Test Methods and Requirements7.1 Install a pipe and the r
36、esilient connector to be tested inthe manhole base 1200 mm inside diameter or smaller. Subjectthe assembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 41 kPa (4.3 m) at thecenterline of the connector for a period of 10 min. Restrain thepipe against axial movement during the tests.7.1.1 Install a lateral and resili
37、ent connector to be tested intothe pipe. Subject the assembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 41kPa (4.3 m) at the centerline of the connector for a period of 10min. Restrain the lateral against axial movement during thetests.7.2 There shall be no leakage under any of the followingconditions, when subj
38、ected to a hydrostatic pressure of 41 kPa(4.3 m) for 10 min:7.2.1 Straight alignment of the pipe/lateral.7.2.2 Axial deflection of the pipe/lateral of at least 7 in anydirection.7.2.3 When the pipe is loaded in shear in accordance withthe requirements shown in Fig. 1.7.2.4 When the lateral is loaded
39、 in shear in accordance withthe loading requirements of Fig. 1 and does not exceed 25 mmof axial movement at the connector. (Note: Pressure is notprohibited from being relieved while deflecting or loading testsection.)7.3 Leakage shall be construed to mean freely drippingwater emanating at the inter
40、face between the connector andeither the manhole base, the pipe, or the lateral; between theconnector and the filler rings; or through the body of theconnector and the filler rings; or through the body of theconnector itself.7.4 Moisture appearing at random locations on the base ofthe outlet in the
41、form of patches or beads adhering to thesurfaces shall not be considered leakage.7.5 A delay of up to 24 h is not prohibited prior to makingobservations of leakage.8. Product Marking8.1 Each connector shall be marked legibly by the connectormanufacturer with the trade name and the size designation o
42、rpart number.9. Keywords9.1 design test method; marking; material requirementsacceptance criteria; product marking; resilient connectorASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this stand
43、ard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andi
44、f not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, wh
45、ich you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
46、United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).FIG. 1 Shear Test RequirementsC1478M 08a (2013)3
