1、Designation: C1478M 08a (Reapproved 2013)C1478M 18Standard Specification forStorm Drain Resilient Connectors Between ReinforcedConcrete Storm Sewer Structures, Pipes, and Laterals(Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1478M; the number immediately following the designation ind
2、icates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the minimum per
3、formance and material requirements for resilient connectors used for connectionsbetween precast reinforced concrete storm sewer structures conforming to Specification C478 and pipes, and between precastreinforced concrete pipe and laterals for storm drainage systems.1.1.1 These connectors are design
4、ed to prevent soil migration between the pipe and storm sewer structure, and between the pipeand lateral.1.2 This specification is the SI companion to C1478.NOTE 1This specification covers the design, material, and performance of the resilient connection only. Connections covered by this specificati
5、onare adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 41 kPa (4.3 m) without leakage when tested in accordance with Section 7. Infiltration quantities for aninstalled system are dependent upon many factors other than the connections between storm sewer structures and pipe, and allowable quantities must bec
6、overed by other specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline and system.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and
7、 healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory requirementslimitations prior to use. For a specific warning statement, see 7.2.4.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the De
8、cision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A493 Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and
9、Cold ForgingA666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat BarC478 Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole SectionsC822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related ProductsC913 Specification for Precast Concrete Wa
10、ter and Wastewater StructuresD395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersTensionD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to Chemical ReagentsD573 Test Meth
11、od for RubberDeterioration in an Air OvenF624D624 Guide for Evaluation of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Solids and Solutions for Biomedical ApplicationsTest Methodfor Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1149 Test Methods for
12、Rubber DeteriorationCracking in an Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittleness Point of Flexible Polymers and Coated Fabrics1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct res
13、ponsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholes and Specials.Current edition approved July 1, 2013Sept. 1, 2018. Published July 2013October 2018. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 asC1478M 08a.C1478M 08a(2013). DOI: 10.1520/C1478M-08AR13.10.1520/C1478M-18.2 For r
14、eferencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provid
15、e the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the st
16、andard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer HardnessNOTE 2For more information about wastewater structures, see S
17、pecification C913.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms relating to plastics and rubber shall be as defined in Terminologies D883 and D1566, respectively.3.1.2 Terms relating to precast concrete pipe, manholes, and related products shall be as defined in Terminology C822.3.2 Definitions of Terms
18、 Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 connectorthe entire assembly, including resilient seals and metallic or nonmetallic mechanical devices, if any, usedtherein.3.2.2 lateralthe small diameter pipe connected to the main line pipe.3.2.3 pipethe inlet or outlet pipe connected to the manhole.3.2.4 pipe stu
19、ba short section of pipe installed in the structure as an inlet or outlet pipe, for future connection.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 All materials shall conform to the following requirements:4.1.1 Resilient materials for connectors and filler rings shall be manufactured from natural or synthetic ru
20、bber and shall conformto the requirements prescribed in Table 1. If a splice is used in the manufacture of the seal, its strength shall be such that the sealshall withstand a 180 bend with no visible separation.4.2 Mechanical DevicesExpansion rings, tension bands, and take-up devices used for mechan
21、ically compressing the resilientportion of the connector against the pipe or storm sewer structurestructure; shall be made from a material or materials incombination that will ensure durability, strength, resistance to corrosion, and have properties that will ensure continued resistanceto leakage.Al
22、l metallic mechanical devices, including castings and bolt assemblies used to mechanically deform resilient materials,shall be constructed of corrosion resistant materials meeting the physical properties and chemical composition requirements ofSpecifications A493 and A666, Type 302 through Type 316.
23、NOTE 3Experience has shown that successful performance of this product depends on the type of bedding and backfill and the care in the fieldinstallation of the manhole storm sewer structure and connecting pipes. The owner is cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.5. Principles of D
24、esign5.1 The design of the connector shall be such that positive seal is accomplished at two locations: (1) between the connector andthe storm sewer structure wall and (2) between the connector and the pipe. The seal between the connector and the storm sewerstructure wall shall be made by either mec
25、hanical means, compression of the resilient material between the outside surface of thepipe and the pipe opening in the storm sewer structure wall, or by casting the connector integrally with the storm sewer structurewall. The seal between the connector and the pipe shall be made by mechanical means
26、 or by compression of the resilient materialagainst the outside of the pipe. Resilient filler rings are not prohibited from being may be used between the pipe and the connectorTABLE 1 Resilient Material TestsTest Test RequirementsA ASTM Test MethodChemical resistance: D543, at 22C for 48 h1 N sulfur
27、ic acid no weight loss1 N hydrochloric acid no weight lossTensile strength 8 MPa, min D412Tensile strength 8.3 MPa, min D412Elongation at break 350 %, minHardnessB 5 from the connector manufacturers specified hardness D2240 (Shore A Durometer)Accelerated oven-aging decrease of 15 %, max, of original
28、 tensile strength D573, 70 1C for 7 daysdecrease of 20 %, max, of elongationCompression set decrease of 25 %, max, of original deflection D395, Method B, at 70C for 22 hWater absorption increase of 10 %, max, of original by weight D471, immerse 19 by 25-mm specimen in distilled waterat 70C for 48 hW
29、ater absorption increase of 10 %, max, of original by weight D471, immerse 25 by 50-mm specimen in distilled waterat 70C for 48 hOzone resistance rating 0 D1149Low-temperature brittle point no fracture at -40C D2137Tear resistance 34 kN/m F624, Die BTear resistance 35 kN/m D624, Die BA Specimens sha
30、ll be prepared from connector specimens and shall not be prepared from laboratory slabs or by direct molding.B The connector manufacturer shall select the hardness appropriate for each component of the connector. Thereafter, the hardness shall comply within the tolerances inTable 1.C1478M 182to prov
31、ide a seal. Whichever design is used, it shall be capable of maintaining a resilient, hydrostatic seal under the performanceconditions in accordance with Section 7. Devices used to effect mechanical seals shall conform to the requirements specified inSection 4.5.2 For lateral to pipe connectors, the
32、 design of the connector shall be such that a positive seal is accomplished at two locations:(1) between the connector and the pipe wall and (2) between the connector and the lateral. The seal between the connector andthe pipe wall shall be made by either mechanical means, compression, or by casting
33、 the connector integrally with the pipe wall.The seal between the connector and the lateral shall be made by either mechanical means or by compression of the resilientmaterial against the outside of the pipe. Resilient filler rings are not prohibited from being used between the lateral and theconnec
34、tor to provide a seal. Connector design must not allow either lateral or connector to extend past the cylindrical plane of thepipe inside diameter. The connector shall be capable of maintaining a resilient hydrostatic seal under the performance conditionsin accordance with Section 7. Devices used to
35、 effect mechanical seals shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 4.5.3 Pipe StubsOwners shall require that all pipe stubs installed to allow for future connections to storm sewer structures bemechanically restrained from movement by means other than, and in addition to, the resilient
36、connectors.6. Basis of Acceptance6.1 For diameter 900 mm and smaller, at least one connector shall be tested for each 150 mm increment in diameter. Fordiameters larger than 900 mm, at least one connector shall be tested for each 300 mm increment in diameter.6.2 The acceptability of the resilient con
37、nector shall be determined by the results of the physical tests prescribed in thisspecification, if and where required, and by inspection, to determine whether the connector conforms to the specification withregards to design and freedom from defects.6.3 When requested, a current certification shall
38、 be furnished as the basis of acceptance. The certification shall consist of theconnector manufacturers test report, or statement by the manufacturer, accompanied by a copy of the test results, that the resilientconnector has been tested and inspected in accordance with the provisions of SectionsSec
39、tion 4 and Section 7. Each certificationso furnished shall be signed by the connector manufacturer or an authorized agent.NOTE 4Certification shall be deemed current if it represents present design and bears a date that is no more than five years older than the currentdate.7. Test Methods and Requir
40、ements7.1 Install a pipe and the resilient connector to be tested in the manhole base 1200 mm inside diameter or smaller. Subject theassembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 41 kPa (4.3 m) at the centerline of the connector for a period of 10 min. Restrain the pipeagainst axial movement during the test
41、s.7.1.1 Install a lateral and resilient connector to be tested into the pipe. Subject the assembly to a hydrostatic pressure of 41 kPa(4.3 m) at the centerline of the connector for a period of 10 min. Restrain the lateral against axial movement during the tests.7.2 There shall be no leakage under an
42、y of the following conditions, when subjected to a hydrostatic pressure of 41 kPa (4.3m) for 10 min:7.2.1 Straight alignment of the pipe/lateral.7.2.2 Axial deflection of the pipe/lateral of at least 7 in any direction.7.2.3 When the pipe is loaded in shear in accordance with the requirements shown
43、in Fig. 1.7.2.4 When the lateral is loaded in shear in accordance with the loading requirements of Fig. 1 and does not exceed 25 mm ofaxial movement at the connector. (Note: Pressure is not prohibited from being relieved while deflecting or loading test section.)7.3 Leakage shall be construed to mea
44、n freely dripping water emanating at the interface between the connector and either themanhole base, the pipe, or the lateral; between the connector and the filler rings; or through the body of the connector and the fillerrings; or through the body of the connector itself.FIG. 1 Shear Test Requireme
45、ntsC1478M 1837.4 Moisture appearing at random locations on the base of the outlet in the form of patches or beads adhering to the surfacesshall not be considered leakage.7.5 A delay of up to 24 h is not prohibited prior to making observations of leakage.8. Product Marking8.1 Each connector shall be
46、marked legibly by the connector manufacturer with the trade name and the size designation or partnumber.9. Keywords9.1 design test method; marking; material requirements acceptance criteria; product marking; resilient connectorASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any paten
47、t rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision a
48、t any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comment
49、s will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone)
