1、Designation: C 1482 04Standard Specification forPolyimide Flexible Cellular Thermal and Sound AbsorbingInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1482; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the composition and physicalproperties of lightweight, flexible open-cell polyimide foam
3、insulation intended for use as thermal and sound-absorbinginsulation for temperatures from -328F up to +572F (-200Cand +300C) in commercial and industrial environments.1.1.1 Annex A1 includes faced polyimide foam as specifiedby the U.S. Navy for marine applications.1.1.2 This standard is designed as
4、 a material specificationand not a design document. Physical property requirementsvary by application and temperature. No single test is adequatefor estimating either the minimum or maximum use tempera-ture of polyimide foam under all possible conditions. Consultthe manufacturer for specific recomme
5、ndations and physicalproperties for specific applications.1.1.3 The use of an appropriate vapor retarder is required inall applications where condensation could occur and cause adecrease in thermal performance or affect other system prop-erties.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be reg
6、ardedas the standard. The SI units are given in parentheses forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of
7、regulatory requirementsprior to use.NOTE 1The subject matter of this material specification is not coveredby any other ASTM specification. There is no known ISO standardcovering the subject of this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Proper
8、tiesof Thermal insulationsC 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat-Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC 302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Pre-formed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Ins
9、ulationC 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Horizontal Pipe InsulationC 390 Criteria for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC 423 Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Ab-
10、sorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room MethodC 447 Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Tempera-ture of Thermal InsulationsC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC 634 Terminology Relating to Environmental AcousticsC 665
11、 Specification for Mineral-Fiber Blanket Insulationfor Light Frame Construction and Manufactured HousingC 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal TransmissionProperties Under Steady-State ConditionsC 1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluatingand Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Ins
12、ulationC 1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Thin-Heater ApparatusD 395 Test Method for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD 543 Test Method for Resistance of Plastics to ChemicalReagentsD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 2126 Test Method fo
13、r Response of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD 3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, and Molded Urethane FoamsD 3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of FlexibleCellular Materials Using A Radiant Heat Energy SourceE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Char
14、acteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE96 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Mate-rials1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 onOrganic and Non-homogenous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Curren
15、t edition approved June 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approvedin 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 1482 02e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume in
16、formation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE 662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of SmokeGenerated by Solid M
17、aterialsE 795 Practices for Mounting Test Specimens DuringSound Absorption TestsE 800 Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Gener-ated During FiresE 1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke ReleaseRates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Con-sumption CalorimeterE 2231 Practice for Spe
18、cimen Preparation and Mounting ofPipe and Duct Insulation to Assess Surface BurningCharacteristics2.2 U.S. Federal Standards:FAR 25.853(a), Appendix F, Part 1, (a) (1) (i) Test Criteriaand Procedures for Showing Compliance with Sec.25.853, or 25.8553MIL-C-20079 Cloth, Glass; Tape, Textile Glass; and
19、Thread, Glass4MIL-A-3316 Adhesive, Fire-Resistant, Thermal Insulation4DOD-E-24607 Enamel, Interior, Nonflaming (Dry), Chlori-nated Alkyd Resin, Semigloss (Metric)42.3 Private Sector Standards:Boeing BSS 7239 Test Method for Toxic Gas Generation byMaterials on Combustion5TAPPI T 803 Puncture and Stif
20、fness Test of ContainerBoard6TM-232 Vertical Pipe-Chase Test to Determine Flame-Propagation Characteristics of Pipe Covering73. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this specification are definedin Terminology C 168, Terminology C 634, and TerminologyE 176. In the case of a conflict, Terminology
21、C 168 shall be thedominant authority.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 flexible cellular producta cellular organic polymericmaterial that will not rupture when a specimen 8 by 1 by 1 in.(200 by 25 by 25 mm) is bent around a 1 in. (25 mm) diametermandrel at a uniform rate of on
22、e lap in 5 sec. at a temperaturebetween 64 and 85F (18 and 29C), in accordance with thedescription of a flexible cellular product (currently Subsection3.1.3) in Test Methods D 3574.3.2.2 slaba rectangular section, piece, or sheet of foamthat is cut from a bun, or block of foam.3.2.3 polyimide foama
23、flexible cellular product in whichthe bonds formed between monomers during polymerizationare imide or amide bonds. The theoretical mole fraction ofimide bonds must be greater than the theoretical mole fractionof amide bonds.4. Classification4.1 The flexible polyimide cellular insulations of this spe
24、ci-fication are classified into Types I through VI as listed in Tables1 and 2 (Note 2). Type I is further subdivided into two gradesbased on maximum allowable thermal conductivity at 75 F(24 C). The Types II and III are subdivided into classes (Note3).NOTE 2Although all types find application in a w
25、ide variety ofmarkets, the current primary market for each type is as follows:Type Imarine and industrial applications.Type IIType II is Type I foam faced and used in specific marineapplications, as specified for the U.S. Navy in Annex A1.Type IIIType III is Type I foam pipe shaped and used in speci
26、ficmarine applications, as specified for the U.S. Navy in Annex A1.Types IV and Vaerospace applications depending on density.Type VIapplications requiring improved high temperature and fireperformance.NOTE 3The Type II and Type III designations as well as thesubdivision of Types into Classes is to m
27、aintain uniformity with existingU.S. Navy nomenclature (Annex A1).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Polyimide foam shall be manufactured from the appro-priate monomers, and necessary compounding ingredients toconform to 3.2.3. This is not intended to imply that foamproducts made using different materi
28、als are equivalent withrespect to all physical properties.6. Physical Properties6.1 The insulation shall conform to the requirements inTables 1 and 2 for each type, unless specifically statedotherwise by agreement between the supplier and the pur-chaser. Tests shall be made in accordance with the me
29、thodsspecified in 11.1-11.19.6.1.1 Upper Temperature LimitUpper temperature limitshall be determined according to 11.4 at the applicationsintended maximum use temperature or at a temperature deter-mined by agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.6.1.2 Burning CharacteristicsThe uncoated and
30、 unfacedfoam shall conform to the requirements in Tables 1 and 2 foreach type, when tested in accordance with 11.12-11.18, withoutthe use of flame/smoke or heat suppressant barriers or coatings.6.1.3 Sound Absorbing PerformanceUnless specificallyotherwise agreed to between the supplier and the purch
31、aser, alltests shall be made in accordance with the methods specified in11.18.6.2 The values stated in Tables 1 and 2 are not to be used asdesign values. It is the responsibility of the buyer to specifydesign requirements and obtain supporting documentationfrom the material supplier.7. Workmanship a
32、nd Appearance7.1 The slab offered as saleable material shall be free offoreign materials and defects that will adversely affect itsperformance in service.3Federal Aviation Regulations Part 25 (Airworthiness Standards, TransportCategory Aircraft, and Section 25.853. Procedure in appendix F, Part I, (
33、a) (1) (i)and (ii). Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954.4Available from the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 RobbinsAvenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.5Available from Boeing Commercial Airplane Gr
34、oup, Material Division, P.O.Box 3707, Seattle, WA 98124-2207.6Available from the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, P.O.Box 105113, Atlanta GA 30348.7Available from Armstrong World Industries, Inc., Research and Development,P.O. Box 3511, Lancaster, PA 17604.C14820427.2 Voids and
35、Surface DamageSurface damage due tohandling, and voids that are between 0.24 in. (6 mm) and 1.4in. (35 mm) in diameter, and extend through the entire slab,may be repaired by gluing, plugging, or cutting and splicing.Voids greater than 1.4 in. (35 mm) in diameter shall be causefor rejection of the af
36、fected material. Plugging may beachieved using compression fit or by using adhesives. Adhe-sives used for repair shall not affect the overall smoke, fire, oracoustic performance required for the material in this specifi-cation. Material used for repairs shall be of the same compo-sition and quality
37、as undamaged material. The acceptance oftype and amount of repair shall be as agreed upon by thesupplier and the user.8. Sampling8.1 SamplingThe insulation shall be sampled in accor-dance with Criteria C 390. Otherwise, specific provisions forsampling shall be as agreed upon between the user and the
38、supplier.8.2 SpecimenFor polymide foam insulation, specimens ofdimensions 12 in. by 12 in. by 1 in. (300 mm by 300 mm by25 mm) are sufficient for purposes of acceptance inspection ofsamples.9. Qualification Requirements9.1 The following requirements are generally employed forinitial material or prod
39、uct qualification:TABLE 1 Polyimide Foam Classification (inch-pound)TYPE IGrade 1TYPE IGrade 2TYPE IV TYPE V TYPE VIDensity, max, lb/ft30.48 0.48 0.37 0.55 0.50Maximum Apparent Thermal Conductivity Btu-in./h ft2F238 F 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.1458 F 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.2375 F 0.32 0.29 0.34 0.30 0.34
40、212 F 0.51 0.47 0.54 0.47 0.50356 F 0.74 0.70 0.81 0.70 0.74572 F NAANAANAANAA1.15Upper Temperature Limit test temperature for C411, F 400 400 400 400 572High Temperature Stability%ofinitial tensile strength retained after 336 hoursin air oven at 400 F, min, %60 60 NAANAANAAHigh Temperature Stabilit
41、y%ofinitial tensile strength retained after 336 hoursin air oven at 572 F, min, %NAANAANAANAA70Tensile Strength, min, lb/in.28.5 8.5 2.8 8.5 3.9Compressive Strength, min, lb/in.2at 25% deflection 0.5 0.5 NAANAA0.550% Compression Deflection, min, lb/in21.2 1.2 NAANAANAACompression Set, max, % NAANAA4
42、0 40 NAASteam AgingChange in Tensile Strength, max, %Dimensional and weight changes, max, %25102510NAANAANAANAA2510Corrosiveness pass pass pass pass passChemical Resistance pass pass pass pass passSurface Burning Characteristics, 2 in. thicknessBFlame Spread Index, maxSmoke Development, Index, max10
43、151015152015201015Radiant Panel Surface Flammability, Flame Spread Index, maxB55552Vertical BurnB,CBurn Length, max, in. NAANAA22.4NAAAfter Flame Time, max, sec NAANAA11ATotal heat release (2 min), max, Btu/ft2B79 79 NAANAANAAMaximum heat release rate, max, Btu/min-ft2B106 106 NAANAANAASpecific Opti
44、cal Smoke Density, Dm, maxBnon-flaming modeflaming mode51051051051055Total Hydrogen Halide (HCl, HBr, and HF) Gases in Smoke, Flaming Exposure,max, ppm (Above background for empty chamber)B10 10 10 10 10Toxic Gas Generation: max, ppmBCO 300 300 300 300 300HCN 55555HFHCl 10 10 10 10 10HBr 55555SO2NOx
45、 10 10 10 10 10Acoustical Absorption Coefficient 2 in. thickness, min Noise ReductionCoefficient (NRC)0.75 0.70 0.75 0.85 0.70ANA = not applicableBThis standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled
46、laboratoryconditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk under actual fire conditions.CThe material shall not melt, drip, or flow when tested as required.C14820439.1.1 Upper Temperature Limit79.1.2 Tensile Strength9.1.3 Compressive Strength9.1.4 Compression Se
47、t9.1.5 Chemical Resistance9.1.6 Apparent Thermal Conductivity at 75 F (24 C)9.1.7 Specific Optical Smoke Density9.1.8 Hydrogen Halide Gases in Smoke9.1.9 Surface Burning Characteristics9.1.10 Radiant Panel Surface Flammability9.1.11 Heat Release Rate9.1.12 Sound Absorption Coefficients10. Inspection
48、10.1 The following requirements are generally employedfor acceptance sampling of lots or shipments of qualifiedpolyimide foam insulation:10.1.1 Density10.1.2 Apparent Thermal Conductivity at 75 F (24 C)10.1.3 Vertical burnType IV and V only10.1.4 Workmanship10.2 As agreed to by the purchaser and the
49、 manufacturer,the inspection of the material shall be made at either the pointof shipment or point of delivery.TABLE 2 Polyimide Foam Classification (SI units)TYPE IGrade 1TYPE IGrade 2TYPE IV TYPE V TYPE VIDensity, max, kg/m37.7 7.7 5.9 8.8 8.0Maximum Apparent Thermal Conductivity W/m-K150 C 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.02050 C 0.033 0.032 0.033 0.033 0.03324 C 0.046 0.042 0.049 0.043 0.049100 C 0.074 0.068 0.078 0.068 0.072180 C 0.107 0.101 0.117 0.101 0.107300 C NAANAANAANAA0.166Upper Temperature Limit test temperature for
