1、Designation: C 149 86 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forThermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 149; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determinatio
3、n of the relativeresistance of commercial glass containers (bottles and jars) tothermal shock and is intended to apply to all types of glasscontainers that are required to withstand sudden temperaturechanges (thermal shock) in service such as in washing,pasteurization, or hot pack processes, or in b
4、eing transferredfrom a warm to a colder medium or vice versa.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is th
5、eresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 224 Practice for Sampling Glass Containers2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:ADJC0149 Apparatus for t
6、hermal shock test of glass con-tainers (6 Drawings)33. Apparatus3.1 The apparatus shall consist essentially of a basket forholding the glassware upright, two tanks, one containing hotwater and one containing cold water, and an automaticallytimed means for immersing and transferring the basket ofbott
7、les from the hot to the cold bath. A suitable type ofapparatus is illustrated in Fig. 1.33.2 A device shall be provided to maintain the temperatureof the baths within 61.1C (2F) of the specified temperatures.Indicating controllers that control the heating of the hot waterand the cooling of the cold
8、water are recommended. Otherwisedial thermometers should be attached and the temperaturescontrolled manually.3.3 The capacity of each tank shall be at least 3.8 L (1 gal)for each 0.45 kg (1 lb) of glass tested.4. Sampling4.1 Methods of sampling a minimum lot from a group ofcontainers of a given type
9、 are given in Practice C 224, for thevarious situations to which it may apply.5. Procedure5.1 Adjust the temperatures of the baths so that the cold bathis at 21C (70F) and the hot bath is at a temperature hotterthan the cold bath by a specified differential. (In most cases thisdifferential will be 4
10、2C (75F) for the first immersion (Note1). Fill, or partially fill, the basket, with empty bottles, andwhen the temperatures of the baths are within 6 1.1C (2F) ofthose specified immerse the basket in the hot bath in such amanner that the bottles become completely filled with hotwater, allow to soak
11、for 5 min, transfer to the cold bath, andimmerse for 30 s, and then remove from the cold bath. Controlthe 5-min immersion in the hot bath within 10 s, and the timeof transfer from the hot to the cold bath shall be 15 6 1s.During the test, protect the apparatus from drafts in a shelteredarea. Observe
12、 the number of containers failing in the test byindividual inspection of each.NOTE 1If a cold bath temperature other than 21C (70F) is used, thespecified differential may be decreased (increased) by 0.5C (1F) for eachincrease (decrease) of 5.6C (10F) above (below) the recommended coldbath temperatur
13、e.5.2 Use one of the following test procedures dependingupon the purpose of the test.5.2.1 Pass TestApply the test at a predetermined differ-ential. This pass test is sufficient for the routine testing ofsamples from continuous production in a manufacturers plant.5.2.2 Progressive Test (to a Predete
14、rmined Percent ofBreakage)Where it may be desirable to conduct the test as ameasurement test, the test described in 5.1 may be repeated, the1This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass andGlass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.07 on GlassContaine
15、rs.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originallyapproved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C 149 86(2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMSta
16、ndards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Detailed drawings are available from ASTM International Headquarters. OrderAdjunct No. ADJC0149.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Stat
17、es.temperature differential being increased, stepwise, by uniformincrements (usually 2.8 or 5.6C (5 or 10F) each step) byincreasing the temperature of the hot water bath, until thepredetermined percent of containers is broken.5.2.3 Progressive Test (Total)As an alternative to theprogressive test des
18、cribed in 5.2.2, the progressive test may becontinued until all of the containers fail.5.2.4 High-Level TestA single test at a predetermineddifferential sufficiently high to break a portion of the samplemay be made.6. Report6.1 Report the following information:6.1.1 Report of method of sampling (see
19、 Practice C 224),6.1.2 Number of containers from each mold included in thesample,6.1.3 Time of transfer used,6.1.4 Results of test (use one of the following depending onthe kind of test):6.1.4.1 For the pass test in accordance with 5.2.1: (1)temperature differential used, and (2) number of container
20、s thatfailed in the test.6.1.4.2 For the progressive test in accordance with 5.2.2:(1)differential at which the first failure occurred and number ofcontainers that failed at that differential, and (2) differentialrequired to cause failure of the predetermined percent of thesample, interpolated to th
21、e nearest 0.5C (1F).6.1.4.3 For the progressive test in accordance with 5.2.3:(1)differentials used in test and number of containers that failed ateach differential, and (2) average differential of failure (cor-rected for the size of the temperature increment or step used bysubtracting one half of t
22、he increment; for example, 1.4C(2.5F) for a 3C (5F) increment).6.1.4.4 For the high-level test in accordance with 5.2.4:(1)differential used in the test, and (2) number of containers thatfailed at that differential.7. Precision and Bias7.1 Statements regarding either precision or bias of thethermal
23、shock test results are not possible because suitablethermal shock reference test materials are not available.7.2 Test method precision is within 61.11C (62F). Testmethod bias is within 61.11C (62F).8. Keywords8.1 glass containers; thermal shockASTM International takes no position respecting the vali
24、dity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subj
25、ect to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquar
26、ters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standar
27、d is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 1 Automatic Thermal Shock Testing MachineC 149 86 (2005)2
