1、Designation: C 1505 01 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Test Method forDetermination of Breaking Strength of Ceramic Tiles byThree-Point Loading1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1505; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the cas
2、e of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of breakingstrength of ceramic tiles by three-po
3、int loading.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.
4、Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and RelatedProducts3. Terminology3.1 For the definitions of terms used on this test method,refer to Terminology C 242.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of determining the breakingstrength of ceramic
5、tiles using a three-point loading method.The tiles are supported on two cylindrical support rodspositioned to provide an appropriate span. A load is applied ata uniform rate using a third central cylindrical rod positioned atthe midpoint between the support rods. The breaking strengthis calculated b
6、y multiplying the load at which the tile breaks bythe ratio of the span between support rods divided by the widthof the specimen.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended for determining the break-ing strength of ceramic tiles for compliance with requirementsthat may appear in specific
7、ations.6. Apparatus6.1 Testing Machine, capable of loading at a uniform ratesufficient to increase the stress in the specimen at a rate of 1 60.2 N/mm2(145 6 29 psi) per second. The rod support table ofthe testing machine shall be indexed such that the cylindricalsupport rods are positioned at 4 mm
8、increments.6.2 Cylindrical Support Rods, 2, of length, w, with a steelcore of diameter, d, and a rubber bearing surface of 55 6 3Shore A durometer hardness and thickness, t (see Table 1). Onerod shall be permitted to pivot slightly relative to its length andthe other shall be permitted to rotate sli
9、ghtly relative to its axis(see Fig. 1).6.3 Central Cylindrical Rod, of length, w, with a steel coreof diameter, d, and a rubber bearing surface of 55 6 3 Shore Adurometer hardness and thickness, t. The rod shall be permittedto pivot slightly relative to its axis.7. Sampling7.1 The test sample shall
10、consist of ten whole tiles, selectedat random from the lot to be tested. Tiles too large to be testedwhole may be cut; however, the cut specimens shall be squareand as large as possible, though not larger than the rod length.The centerpoint of the cut specimen shall coincide with theoriginal centerp
11、oint of the whole tile.8. Procedure8.1 Position the cylindrical support rods (6.2) on the rodsupport plate (6.2) with an appropriate span, L, to the nearest 4mm so that the specimens will overhang each support rod bylength, l (see Table 1). Place each specimen face up on thesupport rods. In the case
12、 of reversible tile, such as unglazedceramic mosaic tile, it is immaterial which side of the specimenis up. If applicable, position each specimen so that the longerside or the directional back-pattern is at right angles to thesupports. In the case were both conditions exist, the orientationof the lo
13、nger side shall take precedence.8.2 Position the central cylindrical rod (6.3) on the face ofthe specimen at the midpoint between the support rods. Loadthe specimen with the central rod at a uniform rate sufficient toincrease the stress in the specimen at a rate of 1 6 0.2 N/mm2(145 6 29 psi) per se
14、cond. The load rate in N/s can bedetermined by the following equation:1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on CeramicWhitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC21.06 on Ceramic Tile.Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published May
15、2007. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as C 1505012For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary p
16、age onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.r 5 2bh2/3L (1)where:r = load rate, in N/s,b = the width of the specimen, in mm,h = the thickness of the specimen, in mm, andL = the span between the cylindrical
17、support rods, in mm.Record the load at which the specimen breaks into two ormore pieces.8.3 Repeat the procedure until all specimens in the samplehave been broken.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the breaking strength of each specimen usingthe following equation:B 5 PL/b (2)where:B = breaking strength, i
18、n N,P = load at which the specimen broke, in N,L = the span between the cylindrical support rods, in mm,andb = the width of the specimen, in mm.9.2 Calculate the average breaking strength of the accept-able results. Only the results of specimens that break at themidpoint between the support rods, pl
19、us or minus the radius ofthe central cylindrical rod are acceptable. A minimum of fiveacceptable results is necessary to calculate the average break-ing strength. If there are fewer than five acceptable results, asecond sample of twice the minimum number of specimensshall be tested; a minimum of ten
20、 acceptable results will benecessary to calculate the average breaking strength.10. Report10.1 The test report shall include the following information:10.1.1 A description of the tiles;10.1.2 The number of specimens;10.1.3 The values of w, d, t, l, L, b, and h;10.1.4 The load, P, at which each speci
21、men broke;10.1.5 The breaking strength of each specimen;10.1.6 The average breaking strength of the acceptableresults.11. Precision and Bias11.1 The precision of the procedure in this Test Method fordetermining breaking strength of ceramic tile by three-pointloading is being determined and will be a
22、vailable on or beforeNovember 2002. It is not feasible to specify the precision of theprocedure at this time because the interlaboratory study has notbeen completed.11.2 No information can be presented on the bias of theprocedure in this test method for determining breaking strengthof ceramic tile b
23、y three-point loading because the interlabora-tory study has not been completed.12. Keywords12.1 breaking strength; ceramic tileTABLE 1 Length of Rod, Diameter of Core, Thickness of Rubber,and Overhang (See Fig. 2)MinimumDimension (mm)Length ofRod, w (mm)Diameter ofCore, d (mm)Thickness ofRubber, t
24、(mm)Length ofOverhang, l (mm)$95 560 20 5 6 1 #8 but 400C 1505 01 (2007)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity o
25、f any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments a
26、re invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not re
27、ceived a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 1 Rotation and Pivot of Cylindrical RodsFIG. 2 Position of Cylindrical RodsC 1505 01 (2007)3
