1、Designation: C1519 10 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forEvaluating Durability of Building Construction Sealants byLaboratory Accelerated Weathering Procedures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigi
2、nal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the method for the determina-tion of the
3、 durability of a sealant based on its ability to functionin cyclic movement maintaining adhesion and cohesion afterrepeated exposure to laboratory accelerated weathering proce-dures.1.2 This test method describes two laboratory acceleratedweathering procedures for evaluating the durability of aseala
4、nt.1.3 RILEM TC139DBS is related to this test method.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the
5、 applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issue
6、d by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C717 Terminology of Building Seals and SealantsC719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elasto-meric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic Movement (HockmanCycle)C1442 Practice for Cond
7、ucting Tests on Sealants UsingArtificial Weathering ApparatusE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsG113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weath-ering Tests of Nonmetallic MaterialsG141 Guide for Addressing Variability in Exposure Testingof Nonmetallic
8、MaterialsG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accel-erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV)Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic MaterialsG155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus forExposure of Non
9、-Metallic Materials2.2 RILEM Standard:3RILEM TC139DBS Determination of changes in adhesion,cohesion, and appearance of elastic weatherproofing seal-ants for high movement facade joints after exposure toartificial weathering3. Terminology3.1 The definitions given in Terminology C717 on termsrelating
10、to building seals and sealants and in TerminologyG113 on terms relating to natural and artificial weathering testsare applicable to this test method.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method describes the procedure to evaluate orcompare, or both, the durability of sealants when subjected toacceler
11、ated weathering and cyclic movement in a joint.4.2 Sealant installation procedures, design considerationsand movement during cure affect the aging processes and arefundamental to the success of any sealant. These factors are notaddressed with this test method.4.3 The amount, type and frequency of mo
12、vement a sealantexperiences during its lifetime strongly depends on the mate-rials used in construction and on the orientation of the jointtoward sunlight and many other factors that are not uniform orconsistent.4.4 Climatic exposures will differ with the orientation of thebuilding and shading as we
13、ll as with local and regional climaticconditions. Climates in a given location can vary from year toyear because of differences in solar radiation, temperature,1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C24 on BuildingSeals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommit
14、tee C24.40 onWeathering.Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2017. Published October 2017. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C1519 - 10. DOI:10.1520/C1519-10R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at
15、serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Published in Materials and Structures2001, pp. 34579588.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United St
16、atesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to T
17、rade (TBT) Committee.1rainfall, and atmospheric conditions. Further, the quality andintensity of solar radiation on the earths surface varies withgeographic location, season, time of day, and cloud cover.4.5 Variations in results may be expected when operatingconditions are varied within the accepte
18、d limits of this testmethod. Therefore, all test results using this test method mustbe accompanied by a report of the specific operating conditionsas required in Section 11. Refer to Practice G151 for detailedinformation on the caveats applicable to use of results obtainedaccording to this test meth
19、od.4.6 The results of laboratory exposure cannot be directlyextrapolated to estimate an absolute rate of deteriorationcaused by natural weathering because the acceleration factor ismaterial dependent and can be significantly different for eachmaterial and for different formulations of the same mater
20、ial.However, exposure of a similar material of known outdoorperformance, a control, along with the test specimens allowscomparison of the durability relative to that of the controlunder the test conditions. Evaluation in terms of relativedurability also greatly improves the agreement in test results
21、among different laboratories.4.7 Results of this procedure will depend on the care that istaken to operate the equipment according to Practices G154and G155. Significant factors include regulation of the linevoltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water,temperature control, humidity contro
22、l, where applicable, con-dition and age of the burners and filters in xenon arcequipment, and age of lamps in fluorescent UV equipment.NOTE 1Additional information on sources of variability and onstrategies for addressing variability in the design, execution and dataanalysis of laboratory accelerate
23、d exposure tests is found in Guide G141.5. Summary5.1 For this procedure, specimens are prepared in which thesealant to be tested adheres to two parallel contact surfaces.This procedure uses the same type of specimens, in the samedimensions, and the same preparation and cure as described inTest Meth
24、od C719. While any substrates can be specified andused, this procedure was developed with anodized aluminumsubstrates. Following cure, the specimens are placed in anartificial weathering chamber for 4 weeks. On removal fromthe weathering chamber, they are placed in a cyclic movementmachine and subje
25、cted to 6 cyclic movements of extension andcompression at room temperature according to the method ofC719. Any degree of extension and compression can be used.After the movement cycles the sealant is blocked open at therecommended extension and examined for flaws. The cycle ofweathering followed by
26、movement testing and examination isrepeated as often as specified. After each cycle, the number ofcycles is recorded as well as the mode of failure, that is,cohesive or adhesive, amount of failure, the depth of anycracks or breaks and other pertinent observations, such assealant deformation and bubb
27、le formation.6. Apparatus6.1 Aluminum Supports, for the preparation of test speci-mens (two supports for each specimen).Anodized aluminum isthe standard substrate, but this method can be used with othersubstrates as well. Substrates should be compatible with thesealant, should not degrade under weat
28、hering, and should fitinto the joint movement apparatus. If primer is recommendedby the sealant manufacturer, it should be used in accordancewith the manufacturers recommendations.6.2 Spacers, for the preparation of the specimens should beof a non-adherent material and of a shape to produce a sealan
29、tjoint as depicted in Test Method C719.NOTE 2If the spacers are made of a material to which the sealantadheres, their surfaces should be made non-adherent, for example, by athin wax coating.6.3 Non-Adherent Substance, for the preparation of testspecimens, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
30、filmor vellum paper, preferably on the advice of the sealantmanufacturer.6.4 Ventilated Convection-Type Oven, capable of beingmaintained at 50 6 2C.6.5 Artificial Weathering DeviceChoice of type of appa-ratus and duration of exposure shall be by mutual agreementamong the interested parties. Because
31、of differences in testconditions, test results may differ with the type of apparatusused. Consult Practices G154 and G155 for differences in thespectral power distributions of the exposure sources andPractice C1442 for the differences in test parameters in the twotypes of apparatus specified.6.5.1 F
32、luorescent UV/Condensation ApparatusOperatethe device in accordance with Practice C1442, Section 7.3.6.5.2 Xenon Arc Light ApparatusOperate the device inaccordance with Practice C1442, Section 7.2.NOTE 3The xenon arc ruggedness test was run at 70 % RH using anexposure cycle of 2 h light followed by
33、2 h light plus water spray for morethorough wetting. The test results compared well with those of outdoorexposures. Therefore, these conditions are considered an alternate to thedefault parameters.7. Preparation of Test Specimens7.1 Adhere the sealant to be tested to two parallel contactsurfaces as
34、described in Test Method C719. The user is tospecify the number of specimens.7.2 Unless specified otherwise, use anodized aluminumsubstrates.7.3 For each specimen, assemble two supports and twospacers as shown in Test Method C719 and set up on thenon-adherent substrate.7.4 Follow the instructions of
35、 the sealant manufacturer, forinstance, whether a primer is to be used.7.5 Fill the hollow space formed by supports and spacersshall be with sealant previously conditioned for 24 h at 23 62C. The following precautions shall be taken:7.5.1 avoid the formation of air bubbles;7.5.2 discard the first5go
36、fsealant out of the tube, cartridgeor dispenser;7.5.3 press the sealant towards the contact surface of thesupports; and7.5.4 trim the sealant surfaces so that they are flush with theface of the supports and spacers.C1519 10 (2017)27.6 Backing materials and other joint formation aids shouldbe removed
37、 as soon as possible, consistent with no deformationof the sealant, to assist in the curing process.8. Conditioning8.1 The specimens shall be conditioned or cured followingthe procedures of Test Method C719, Section 8.9. Test Procedure9.1 After completion of 7.6 process, place the test speci-mens in
38、 an artificial weathering device so that the sealantsurface (top of the joint) faces the exposure source. The face ofthe samples are positioned at the specified distance from theexposure source.9.1.1 If the specimens do not completely fill the racks, fillthe empty spaces with blank metal panels to m
39、aintain the testconditions within the chamber.9.1.2 Specimens should be confined to an exposure areawhere the irradiance is at least 90 % of that measured at thecenter of the exposure area. Unless it is shown that irradianceuniformity meets the requirements of Practice G151, section5.1.3 for no repo
40、sitioning, use one of the procedures describedin section 5.1.4 to insure that all specimens receive radiantexposures that are as similar as possible. Irradiance uniformitycan be determined in accordance with Practice G151, SectionA1.9.1.3 Operate the artificial weathering device according tothe spec
41、ifications in 6.5 for 4 weeks.NOTE 4If the irradiance level of the xenon arc apparatus is set at 0.35rather than 0.51 W/m2.nm) at 340 nm, operate it for 5.8 weeks instead of4 weeks. (See Annex A1.2.1 in C1442 for determination of exposure timeat other irradiance levels.9.2 At the end of the 4 weeks
42、in the artificial weatheringmachine, test the sealant to 6 movement cycles as described inTest Method C719, sections 9.4 and 9.5 (room temperaturemovement), at the prescribed movement amplitude.9.2.1 Extend the specimen to the prescribed maximumextension and block open with appropriate spacers. Exam
43、inethe sealants for any flaws. Flaws include any cracks, breaks,adhesive or cohesive loss. Measure and record the depth of anycrack or flaw and any pertinent observations. Observationsshould be recorded on a scale of 0 to 5, with 0 indicating noobserved change, and 5 indicating excessive change. Rem
44、ovethe blocks and allow the samples to recover to the dimensionsof the sealant at initial cure.NOTE 5A rating of 0 to 5 is a subjective evaluation and is useful foran individual laboratory to compare surface appearance but is less usefulfor comparing results between laboratories.9.3 Other measuremen
45、ts such as hardness, tensile strength,elongation and modulus can also be made, if specified.9.4 The artificial weathering exposure, the movement test,the examination and measurements of any flaws represent onecycle of this durability procedure.9.5 The cycle is to be repeated as often as is specified
46、.Observations and measurements are to be made and recorded atthe end of each cycle.10. Periods of Exposure and Evaluation of Results10.1 In most cases, periodic evaluation of materials isnecessary to determine when significant changes occur.10.2 The time of radiant exposure necessary to produce adef
47、ined change in a material property can be used to evaluateor rank the stability of materials. This method is more reliablethan evaluating materials after an arbitrary exposure time orradiant exposure.10.2.1 Exposure to an arbitrary time or radiant exposuremay be used for the purpose of a specific te
48、st if agreed upon bythe parties concerned or if required for conformance to aparticular specification. When a single exposure period is used,select a time or radiant exposure that will produce the largestperformance differences between the test materials.10.2.2 In the development of a specification,
49、 the minimumexposure time shall be that necessary to produce a substantialchange in the property of interest for the least stable materialbeing evaluated. An exposure time that produces a significantchange in one type of material cannot be assumed to beapplicable to other types of materials.11. Report11.1 The report shall make reference to this test method andshall include the following information:11.1.1 The name and type of sealant;11.1.2 The batch of sealant from which the specimens wereproduced, if possible;11.1.3 The type of support material if different than thest
