1、Designation: C 1536 03Standard Test Method forMeasuring the Yield for Aerosol Foam Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1536; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the linearunits of specified diameter bead of foam sealant that can beobtained from a singl
3、e can of aerosol product. Four (4) cans arerequired for each product determination.1.2 The method is intended to estimate the contents of theaerosol container (1) for purposes of label statements, and (2)to provide the user information needed to estimate job require-ments.1.3 Such foam sealants are
4、used for a variety of end useapplications intended to reduce air movement in the buildingenvelope.1.4 Currently two main foam sealant types are applicable tothis standard, single component polyurethane and latex types.1.5 There is no other known standard test method tomeasure aerosol foam sealant yi
5、eld.1.6 Values are reported in SI units only. Certain apparatusand supply items are referenced in inch-pound units forpurchasing purposes.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to
6、establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 aerosol foam se
7、alantfoam sealant, which is dis-pensed from any aerosol can, pressure cylinder or container,intended to seal cracks or gaps.3.1.2 empty aerosol can (of foam sealant)the time atwhich the product flow of the foam sealant is less than 2.0linear cm or 1.0 g of continuous foam bead during twocontinuous s
8、econds of dispensing.3.1.3 post dispensing contractionthe decrease in the foambead diameter or height that can occur immediately after initialfoam sealant dispensing up to final curing or drying of theproduct.3.1.4 post dispensing expansionthe increase in the foambead diameter or height that occurs
9、immediately after initialfoam sealant dispensing up to final curing or drying of theproduct.3.1.5 symbolsletter symbols are used to represent physi-cal measurements and are defined in Tables 1 and 2.3.1.6 yieldthe yield for an aerosol can of foam sealant isthe quantity of a specified nominal diamete
10、r of foam beadwhich is dispensed from a full can as defined by this testmethod.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Procedure ASuitable for foams that can be measuredby water displacement.4.1.1 The middle 100 g of the aerosol cans contents isdispensed as a specified size of bead segments.4.1.2 The dispensed
11、 foam volume is determined by measur-ing the volume of displaced water when the foam beadsegments are submersed.4.1.3 The yield (defined as the total bead length of aspecified nominal bead diameter of cured foam per can) iscalculated from the measured foam volume.4.2 Procedure BSuitable for foam sea
12、lants that cannot bemeasured by water displacement.4.2.1 The middle 100 g of the containers contents isdispensed as a specified size of bead segments.4.2.2 The volume of the foam bead is directly measuredfrom the dried or cured foam bead segments by directmeasurement. Yield is calculated from these
13、measurements.NOTE 1Procedure A uses tap water (see 11.10) to which 4.2 g ofDioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate (70 % solids) and 1.2 g of SAG 10defoamer per 4 litres may be added as wetting agent/defoamer blend. Thisavoids false readings if air bubbles become a problem. The water ismaintained at 23 6 2C d
14、uring the submersion part of the test. It ispermissible for a single batch of water to be used up to 48 h.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on BuildingSeals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.61 onAerosol Foam Sealants.Current edition ap
15、proved Dec. 1, 2003. Published January 2004. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 153602.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, r
16、efer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Significance and Use5.1 Yield measurement of aerosol foam sealants are used toindicate the amount of sealant that can b
17、e obtained from asingle can of product.5.2 The yield does not predict the performance capability ofthe foam sealant product or its suitability for the intendedapplication.5.3 Procedure A was developed for use with products thatcan be volumetrically measured by submersion in water.Procedure B was dev
18、eloped for product that cannot be mea-sured by using a water displacement method.5.4 Yield is often dependent on the bead size dispensed.Extrapolation of test results using data measured for larger sizebeads to estimate smaller sized beads has shown inaccuracies.Since yield will be reported based on
19、 the diameter of the curedbead (not initial bead size), the operator shall determine thenominal initial bead size required to produce a specific nominalcured bead diameter. This foam characteristic called “postdispensing contraction” or “post dispensing expansion” isdefined in 3.1.3 and 3.1.4.6. App
20、aratus6.1 Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, or equivalent.6.2 SAG 10 Defoamer, or equivalent.6.3 Top Loading Balance, readable to 0.01 g.6.4 Small Rigid Wooden, Metal, or Plastic Frame, to sup-port screen or mesh type substrates.6.5 Water Tank and Wire Cage Apparatus, shown in Figs.A1.1-A1.6to measure
21、volume by water displacement for Pro-cedure A.6.6 PTFE Release Agent, or equivalent.6.7 Fiberglass Insect Screening, or equivalent.6.8 Polyolefin Film or Mesh, available from various localsupply companies, 2 mil thickness or greater film of smoothfinish only, matte or textured finishes are not suita
22、ble.6.9 Corrugated Cardboard 200 Pound Weight Substrate,available in various sizes, trimmable to 70 6 10 3 120 6 15cm for convenient handling.6.10 Meter Stick, readable to the nearest 0.1 cm.6.11 Vernier Caliper, readable to the nearest 0.1 mm.7. Test Specimens and Substrates7.1 Prepare all test spe
23、cimens at standard laboratory condi-tions of 23 6 2C and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.7.2 Polyurethane foam sealant (typically measured usingProcedure A) shall be dispensed directly on to polyolefin filmcovered rigid cardboard or suspended mesh mounted on aframe of convenient size approximately 70 3 1
24、20 cm.7.3 If fiberglass screen is used for the specimen substrate inProcedure A it shall be lightly coated with PTFE aerosol sprayand allowed to air dry just before the foam sealant is applied.If polyolefin film or mesh is used the PTFE spray is not used.7.4 Foam sealants that cannot be measured by
25、water dis-placement (Procedure B) shall be dispensed directly on to Kraftpaper or Kraft paper covered corrugated rigid sheet of conve-nient size approximately 70 3 120 cm. The Kraft paper istrimmed away from the specimens in order to facilitatemeasuring the height and width of the bead. The paper sh
26、all notbe totally removed from the foam but only trimmed off up tothe foam edge for measuring purposes.NOTE 2All polyurethane sealants shall be applied with the substratelaid horizontally on a bench top or other support and allowed to cure forTABLE 1 Data Acquisition and Calculation Form for Foam Yi
27、eld Measurement Procedure ASample Description SymbolCanister Avg. initial weight (g) (A1+ A2)/2 = AAvg. weight after discharge (g) (B1+ B2)/2 = BAvg. max discharged weight (g) A BSpecimen Preparation Temperature (C) . . .Relative humidity (%) . . .Cans starting weight (g) E1+E2/2=ECans finishing wei
28、ght (g) F1+F2/2=FAmount of discharged product (g) E FResults Total dischargeable volume of cured beads measured by waterdisplacement (mL)HYield (Y) based on linear metres of 1.0 cm bead per can Y =(A B)/(E F) (H/2) 4 78.5AA78.5 is the factor to convert volume (cm3) to linear meter of 1 cm diameter b
29、ead.TABLE 2 Data Acquisition and Calculation Form for Foam Yield Measurement Procedure BSample Description SymbolCanister Avg. initial weight (g) (A1+ A2)/2 = AAvg. weight after discharge (g) (B1+ B2)/2 = BAvg. max discharged weight (g) A BSpecimen Preparation Temperature (C) . . .Relative humidity
30、(%) . . .Cans starting weight (g) E1+ E2/2 = ECans finishing weight (g) F1+ F2/2 = FAmount of discharged product (g) E FTotal volume of cured beads measured and calculated by p r2 L(cm3)HResults Dischargeable volume of cured beads, converted to (L) (A B)/(E F) H/1000Yield (Y) based on linear metres
31、of 1.0 cm bead per can Y =(A B)/(E F) H/78.5A,BA78.5 is the factor to convert volume (cm3) to linear meter of 1.0 cm diameter beadBL =cm and l = litersC153603224 h before measurements are taken. Latex sealants will be applied withthe substrate in a position that will allow the product to dispense in
32、 theupright position and will be dried for 48 h before measurements are taken.7.5 For each product tested it is essential to follow themanufacturers label directions and to use the dispenser sup-plied with the product.8. Conditioning8.1 Condition and test the sealant specimens under standardlaborato
33、ry conditions (see 9.8).9. Procedure A9.1 Prepare the substrate as described in 7.2.9.2 Weigh the full can of foam sealant without the cap butwith the dispensing mechanism attached and record the startingweight (A1) in Table 1.9.3 Shake the can vigorously for 30 s or as recommended inthe products in
34、structions.9.4 Dispense a full can of foam sealant into a wastecontainer until completely empty (the can is completely emptywhen gas is primarily being expelled and the product flow rateis less than 2.0 cm or 1.0 g in two continuous seconds) andrecord the final weight of the can (B1) with the dispen
35、singmechanism attached.9.5 With a second full can of foam sealant repeat 9.1-9.4.Record corresponding values for A2and B2.9.6 With a third can dispense approximately13 of thecontainer contents into a suitable waste container and weighand record weight of can and attached dispensing mechanismas (E1).
36、 Apply the second 100 g 6 10 g of the contents as acontinuous 1.0 6 0.2 cm average initial bead diameter (orslightly more or less than the diameter at which the yield isreported to account for sealant expansion or contraction) ontothe substrate in a zigzag pattern (see Fig. A1.1). Some practiceis re
37、commended in order to achieve a consistent bead diameterwhile dispensing. When one specimen board is complete,momentarily stop dispensing long enough to move to the nextboard. After the nominal 100 g test sample is dispensed weighthe can with the dispensing mechanism attached and record thisweight a
38、s (F1).9.7 Repeat step 9.6 for a fourth can and record correspond-ing values for E2and F2.9.8 Allow foam sealant beads to cure 24 h at 23 6 2C and50 6 5% RH.9.9 Total volume of the cured foam beads is measured bypositively displacing water from a full container of water andmeasuring the weight of th
39、e displaced water (prepare water pernote under 4.2.2). Water that is displaced by the foam beadswill overflow through a tube at the top of the container. Thecontainer should be deep enough to accommodate the speci-mens when cut in half, that is, at least 40 cm. The waterdisplacement tank shown in Fi
40、g. A1.2and modified accordingto Figs. A1.4-A1.6 shall be used.9.10 Remove the foam sealant beads from the polyolefinfilm or mesh and holding the beads as a bundle place them inthe wire cage with the cut ends facing down. Ensure that thewater level in the container is filled to complete overflowbefor
41、e the cage and foam is submerged. The cage, Fig. A1.2and Fig. A1.3, with the foam beads is gently pushed down intothe pail and the overflowing water is collected until the flowstops. The weight of this collected water in grams alsorepresents the volume of the displaced water in mL. The wateroutlet o
42、n the container shall be selected and installed so that itcan accurately maintain the water level throughout the test andbefore and after an object is submerged. The positive displace-ment container shall be placed on a level surface and notmoved during the test. It shall also be calibrated by addin
43、g aknown amount of water (similar in volume to the expectedfoam volume) to the container and measuring the over flowoutput in three separate determinations. When 2000 6 50gofwater are added the three output measurements shall not differby more than 4 g. For a well-constructed device the overflowing
44、water will stop sharply indicating it is time to completethe measurement. When dripping slows to less than one drop in10 s, the water displacement is taken as complete. Since thewater level is initially set at the over flow max level with theempty cage submerged, measurement of the cage volume is no
45、tneeded.NOTE 3Caution: Avoid any unnecessary water loss when extractingthe empty cage during this water level calibration.10. Calculations Procedure A10.1 Calculate the yield and overall foam sealant density foreach sample can 3 and 4 using the data acquisition andcalculation form in Table 1. Calcul
46、ate the standard deviationfor the duplicate yield determinations.11. Procedure B11.1 Prepare the substrate as described in 7.4.11.2 Weigh a full can of foam sealant without the cap butwith the dispensing mechanism attached and record the startingweight (A1) in Table 2.11.3 Shake the can vigorously f
47、or 30 s or as recommendedin the products instructions.11.4 Dispense a full can of foam sealant into a wastecontainer until completely empty (the can is completely emptywhen gas is primarily being expelled and the product flow rateis less than 2.0 cm or 1.0 g in 2.0 s) and record the final weightof t
48、he can (B1).11.5 With a second full can of foam sealant repeat steps11.2-11.4 and record corresponding values for A2and B2.11.6 With a third can dispense approximately13 of thecontainer contents into a suitable waste container. Weigh andrecord weight of can and attached dispensing mechanism as(E1).
49、Then apply the second 100 6 10 g of the contents as acontinuous 1.5 6 0.3 cm average initial bead diameter (orslightly more or less than the diameter at which the yield willbe reported to account for sealant expansion or contraction)onto the substrate in a zigzag pattern. Some practice isrecommended in order to achieve a consistent bead diameterwhile dispensing. When one specimen board is complete,momentarily stop dispensing just long enough to move to thenext board. After the nominal 100 g test sample is dispensedweigh the can
