1、Designation: C1618 05 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forConcrete Sanitary Sewer Pipe by Negative (Vacuum) orPositive Air Pressure1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case
2、of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing of precastconcrete pipe sections, prior to del
3、ivery, where maximum fieldleakage rates are specified.1.2 Tests described in this standard are intended to be usedat the point of manufacture of the concrete pipe and are notintended for testing installed pipe (for field tests see PracticesC924, C969, and C1214). The user of this specification isadv
4、ised that individual or multiple pipe sections may be testedfor the purpose of testing the pipe barrel and additionally thejoints in straight alignment when multiple pipe sections aretested.1.3 The two leakage rates shown, which were used incalculating the test times, were chosen based on two genera
5、llyaccepted field air and vacuum test criteria. Test times are basedon leakage rates and therefore are proportional only to the pipediameter and are constant for any length of test pipe orpipeline.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement
6、are included in thisstandard.NOTE 1The availability of this test procedure for concrete pipe variesfrom location to location. Check with local supplier(s) for availability andrecommendations.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
7、the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish the appropriate safetyand health practices and to determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to its use. See Section 6 for specificsafety precautions.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C822 Terminology Relating to Co
8、ncrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC924 Practice for Testing Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines byLow-Pressure Air Test MethodC969 Practice for Infiltration and Exfiltration AcceptanceTesting of Installed Precast Concrete Pipe Sewer LinesC1214 Test Method for Concrete Pipe Sewerlines by Nega-tive Air Pressure (V
9、acuum) Test Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms related to precastconcrete pipe, see Terminology C822.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The pipe to be tested shall be sealed at the outer endswith suitable airtight bulkheads. The manufacturer shall chooseto use either low-pressure
10、air or negative pressure air (vacuum)test methods to evaluate the condition of the pipe beforedelivery. The change in the internal pressure during a specifiedtime is used to determine the acceptability of the pipe.5. Significance and Use5.1 This is a quality control test performed at the manufac-tur
11、ing plant to establish that the finished, shippable pipe meetsthe leakage limits stated in the specifications.6. Safety Precautions6.1 The user of this specification is advised of the following:6.1.1 This test may be dangerous if a pipe is not preparedproperly and proper procedures are not followed.
12、6.1.2 No one should be allowed near the ends of the pipe ortest bulkheads during the test.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methodsof Test.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2013. Published Febru
13、ary 2013. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C1618 05. DOI:10.1520/C1618-05R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to th
14、e standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States17. Apparatus7.1 For positive air pressure test, one bulkhead shall includea remote controlled valve that will release the internal te
15、stpressure.7.2 For the low-pressure air test, tie rods or an external testframe that is designed to resist the force caused by internal airpressure shall be used to restrain the bulkheads. The low-pressure air test assembly shall be protected by a relief valveset to release at a pressure no greater
16、than 6 psi. The bulkheadsused for negative pressure air tests do not require externalrestraints.7.3 The pressure or vacuum pumps shall have adequatecapacity to obtain the required test pressure.7.4 The test pressure shall be measured with a gage ormanometer that is precise enough to measure the incr
17、ements ofpressure change specified by this standard.7.5 The pressure measuring devices shall be located in asafe area where they can be observed without danger to testpersonnel.8. Preparation of the Pipe8.1 Allow the test pipe to cool to ambient air temperature.NOTE 2A wetted pipe is desirable and w
18、ill produce more consistenttest results. Air may pass through the walls of dry pipe.8.2 The pipe joint shall be visually inspected for smooth-ness. The dimensions of the gasket-bearing surfaces shall beverified to be within tolerances that were established in thedesign criteria.8.3 Test bulkheads sh
19、all be installed on the outer ends of thepipe section(s).8.4 Longitudinal tie rods or an external test frame shall beused to secure bulkheads used for low-pressure air tests.Review safety precautions found in Section 6.9. Procedure for Negative Air Pressure (Vacuum) Test.9.1 Negative air pressure te
20、sts are intended for use on pipe96 in. in diameter and smaller.9.2 A vacuum pump shall be used to increase the negativepressure of the bulkheaded pipe until the manometer readsapproximately 8 in. of mercury. Close off the vacuum source.9.3 When the negative pressure and temperature have sta-bilized
21、and the negative pressure is less than the starting testpressure of 7 in. of mercury, begin the test by allowing thenegative pressure to increase to 7 in. of mercury. At that point,the recording of test time shall be initiated. If the change inpressure is no greater than 0.1083 in. of mercury in the
22、 testtime specified in Table 1, the pipe is acceptable.NOTE 3The manufacturer is not prohibited from increasing the testpressure above the required 7 in. of mercury and reducing the test timesfound in Table 1 proportional to the increase in test pressure. Theallowable change in pressure of 0.1083 in
23、. of mercury must be maintained.10. Procedure for Positive Air Pressure Test10.1 Positive pressure air tests are intended to be used onpipe 24 in. in diameter and smaller.10.2 A pressure pump shall be used to increase the internalair pressure of the bulkheaded pipe until the pressure gagereads appro
24、ximately 4 psi. Close off the air pressure source.10.3 When the pressure and temperature have stabilized andthe pressure is above the starting test pressure of 3.5 psi, beginthe test by allowing the pressure to drop to 3.5 psi. At thatpoint, the recording of the test time shall be initiated. If thed
25、rop in pressure is no greater than 0.0532 psi in the test timespecified in Table 2, the pipe is acceptable.TABLE 1 Test Times For Negative Pressure Air Test, SecondsNOTE 1A pressure increase of 0.1083 in. Hg was chosen because itcorresponds to a change in water column height of approximately ll2 in.
26、(1.4725 in. exactly) and a change in manometer oil column height(specific gravity 2.945) ofl2 in. Test times shall be increased proportion-ally if larger changes in the height of the manometer column are required.NOTE 2The two leakage rates shown, which were used in calculatingthe test times, were c
27、hosen based on two generally accepted field air andvacuum test criteria.NOTE 3Test times are based on leakage rates and therefore areproportional only to the pipe diameter and are constant for any length oftest pipe or pipeline.Pipe Size, in. 0.0017CFM/ft20.003 CFM/ft212 32 1815 41 2318 49 2821 57 3
28、224 64 3627 73 4130 81 4633 90 5136 97 5542 114 6448 128 7254 146 8260 162 9266 180 10272 194 11078 209 11884 226 12890 243 13896 256 144TABLE 2 Test Times for Positive Air Pressure Test, SecondsNOTE 1A pressure decrease of 0.0532 psi was chosen because itcorresponds to a change in water column heig
29、ht of approximately 1l2 in.(1.4725 in. exactly) and a change in manometer oil column height(specific gravity 2.945) ofl2 in. Test times shall be increased proportion-ally if larger changes in the height of the manometer column are required.NOTE 2The two leakage rates shown, which were used in calcul
30、atingthe test times, were chosen based on two generally accepted field air andvacuum test criteria.NOTE 3Test times are based on leakage rates and therefore areproportional only to the pipe diameter and are constant for any length oftest pipe or pipeline.Pipe Size, in. 0.0017CFM/ft20.003 CFM/ft212 3
31、2 1815 41 2318 49 2821 57 3224 64 36C1618 05 (2013)211. Precision and Bias11.1 No justifiable statement is presently capable of beingmade either on the precision or bias of this procedure since thetest results merely state whether there is conformance tocriteria for the success specified. Due to sea
32、ling effects ofground water and internal flow on the pipeline, the testconditions and results are not reproducible.12. Repairs12.1 This specification does not prohibit concrete pipesections that fail the air leakage test from being repaired andretested.ASTM International takes no position respecting
33、 the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standar
34、d is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International
35、 Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.Thi
36、s standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C1618 05 (2013)3
