1、Designation: C1619 11 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Specification forElastomeric Seals for Joining Concrete Structures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1619; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the physical property require-ments of elastomeric seals (gaskets) used to seal the joint
3、s ofprecast concrete structures conforming to Specifications C14,C14M, C118, C118M, C361, C361M, C443, C443M, C505,orC505M used in gravity and low head pressure applications.1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubbergaskets, or a combination of both.1.3 The values stated in inch-poun
4、d units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 8, of this specification. Thiss
5、tandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.1.5 This international stan
6、dard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. R
7、eferenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C14 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, StormDrain, and Culvert PipeC14M Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer,Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe (Metric)C118 Specification for Concrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drain-ageC118M Specification for Con
8、crete Pipe for Irrigation orDrainage (Metric)C361 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-HeadPressure PipeC361M Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-HeadPressure Pipe (Metric)C443 Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe andManholes, Using Rubber GasketsC443M Specification for Joints for C
9、oncrete Pipe andManholes, Using Rubber Gaskets (Metric)C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, orTileC497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections,or Tile (Metric)C505 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete IrrigationPipe with Rubber Gasket JointsC505M Specification for Non
10、reinforced Concrete IrrigationPipe With Rubber Gasket Joints (Metric)C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsD395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffec
11、t of LiquidsD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking inan Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessD2527 Specification for Rubber SealsSplice Strength3. Ter
12、minology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to concretepipe, see Terminology C822. For definitions relating to rubberor elastomers, see Terminology D1566.4. Classification4.1 In order to provide for the various types of seals andrequirements, multiple classifications have been establish
13、ed.4.1.1 Class A is generally intended to cover seals in lowhead pressure piping applications not exceeding 125 ft (375kPa) where premium physical properties are required.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommit
14、tee C13.08 on Joints forPrecast Concrete Structures.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C161911. DOI:10.1520/C1619-11R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact
15、 ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard
16、 was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14.1.2 Cla
17、ss B is generally intended for Class A and Class Eapplications that also require special oil resistant performance.4.1.3 Class C is generally intended to cover seals in appli-cations not exceeding 30 ft (9.14 m) of hydrostatic head.4.1.4 Class D is generally intended for Class C applicationsthat als
18、o require special oil resistant performance.4.1.5 Class E is generally intended for gravity flow sewerpipe in applications not exceeding 30 ft (9.14 m) of hydrostatichead.5. Composition and Manufacture5.1 All gaskets shall be extruded or molded in such amanner that any cross-section will be dense, h
19、omogeneous, andfree of blisters, pitting, or other defects that make them unfit forthe use intended. The gaskets shall be fabricated from anelastomeric material meeting the appropriate classificationphysical property requirements in Section 7. The base polymershall be natural rubber, synthetic rubbe
20、r, or a blend of both thatis acceptable to the owner.6. Dimensions and Tolerances6.1 Specified Durometer Shore A hardness shall be withinthe range given in Section 7, Table 1, and actual gasketdurometer shall conform to 65 points from the specified value.6.2 Cross-sectional and circumferential dimen
21、sions and tol-erances shall comply with the relevant standard specificationthat is referencing this standard.6.3 When in its assembled position, the gasket shall not bestretched more than 30 % of its original circumference.7. Physical Requirements7.1 The sealing portion of the gaskets shall comply w
22、ith thephysical requirements listed in Table 1 when testing in accor-dance with Section 8.7.2 Gasket swell has a bearing on joint performance. It is theresponsibility of the manufacturer to set appropriate limits forswell and durometer change of the gasket material and “washoff” for the gasket lubri
23、cant. These limits shall then be verifiedby test methods described in Test Method C497. Gasketlubricant shall not be altered, corrupted, or diluted from itsoriginal formulation as tested and certified prior to its use onthe gasket for installation purposes.7.3 Class B and Class D oil resistant gaske
24、ts shall containnot less than 50 % by volume, oil resistant polymer.8. Test Methods8.1 Laboratory tests to determine the physical properties ofthe gasket to be furnished under this specification shall beperformed on the finished product as supplied or from testspecimens taken from the finished produ
25、ct unless otherwisestated within this specification.8.1.1 Tensile Strength and ElongationSee Test MethodsD412.8.1.2 HardnessSee Test Method D2240, with the excep-tion of Section 5. The determination shall be taken directly onthe gasket. The presser foot shall be applied on areas that are14 in. (6.4
26、mm) or greater in thickness. If14 in. (6.4 mm) orgreater thickness is not available, thinner samples shall be pliedup to obtain this thickness.8.1.3 Compression SetSee Test Methods D395 Method B.Test conditions to be 22 h at 70C. Specimen shall not beprepared from laboratory cured slabs or by direct
27、 molding.Because testing is required on the finished product, specimensshall not be prohibited from deviating from the standarddimensions as per Test Methods D395 section 5.6.8.1.4 Accelerated AgingSee Test Method D573. Test con-ditions to be 96 h at 70C.8.1.5 Water AbsorptionSee Test Method D471. U
28、se dis-tilled water for the standard liquid test. When a 1 in. wide testsample cannot be obtained, use the greatest width obtainable.Test conditions shall be 48 h at 70C. At test completion,immediately remove from water, blot the specimen dry, anddetermine specimen weight. Calculate the volume incre
29、ase.8.1.6 Ozone ResistanceDetermine the resistance to ozonein accordance with Test Method D1149.8.1.6.1 Test specimens shall be constructed from a finishedgasket cross-section and of type A.8.1.6.2 Conduct test for 72 h in 50 PPHM concentration at40C (104 6 4F) stressed at 20 % extension.8.1.7 Oil I
30、mmersion TestingSee Test Method D471. De-termine resistance to oil by calculating % volume change afterimmersing product specimen in ASTM IRM 903 oil for 70 h at100C.8.1.8 Splice Strength ClassificationSee SpecificationD2527. No specimen for destructive test or no seal fornondestructive test shall s
31、how sign of damage at the splice.9. Test Frequency9.1 When specified in Table 1, verification of the physicalproperties for tensile, elongation, hardness, oven aging, andTABLE 1 Physical Property Requirements for Elastomeric SealsClass A Class B Class C Class D Class ETensile, min, psi (MPa) 2300 (1
32、5.9) 1500 (10.3) 1200 (8-3) 1200 (8.3) 1800 (12.4)Elongation at break, min, % 425 350 350 350 425Specified Hardness, Shore A 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60Oven-Age Tensile reduction, max % of original 15 20 15 20 15Oven-Age Elongation reduction, max % of original 20 40 20 40 20Oven-Age hardness incre
33、ase, max 15 15 Compression Set, max % 20 20 25 25 20Water Absorption, max % weight increase 5 15 10 15 5Ozone Resistance level, 50 pphm No cracks No cracks No cracks No cracks No cracksLiquid Immersion IRM 903 Oil. Max % volume change 80 80 Splice Strength Classification Class 3 Class 2 Class 3 Clas
34、s 2 Class 3C1619 11 (2017)2compression set shall be performed on the finished product foreach run startup and at a minimum of every 20 000 lb (9072kg) of rubber processed after a run setup. A run startup shall bedefined as the beginning of the production run of a particularcross-section of gasket an
35、d/or after significantly changing theprocessing equipment set up parameters to recover from asubstantial event.9.2 When specified in Table 1, verification of the physicalproperties for water absorption, ozone resistance, and oilimmersion shall be verified on an annual basis on a finishedproduct samp
36、le of the elastomeric formulation of the gasket.9.3 Formulation content of base polymer, polymer blends,or other materials shall be verified during the formulationdevelopment.10. Certification10.1 At the option of the purchaser, certified copies of testreports on the elastomer from which the shipmen
37、t of gasketswas made shall be furnished by the gasket supplier.11. Storage11.1 The rubber gaskets shall be stored in a cool, clean, andshaded environment. The preferred temperature is 70F (21C)or lower.12. Marking12.1 The markings shall include at a minimum the gasketmanufacturers name or symbol, no
38、minal pipe size, ASTMdesignation, classification, gasket cross-section (if other thancircular), cut length or volume, and month and year ofmanufacture.12.2 Additional markings and color designations shall beagreed upon by the pipe manufacturer and the gasket manu-facturer.ASTM International takes no
39、 position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own respons
40、ibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed t
41、o ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the add
42、ress shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 11 (2017)3
